How wealth affects health
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The average life expectancy... hides significant variation based on where you live.. ...and the quality of life your fellow citizens lead How wealth affects health in your local authority area In Westminster
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a slideshow giving indicators for health inequalities in the city of Westminster
Transcript of How wealth affects health
The average life expectancy... hides significant variation based on where you live..
...and the quality of life your fellow citizens lead
How wealth affects health in your local authority area
In Westminster
This slideshow looks at Westminster local authority and is based on the Marmot report ‘Fair Society Healthy Lives’
Key indicators of health inequalities laid down by Marmot report
Indicators relating to the social determinants of health inequalities
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
The Marmot report covers much more, including a detailed range of policy initiatives
Show me
It is divided into two parts:
HEAT MAP SHOWING INDEX OF MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION FOR YOUR AREAThis presentation also comes with a heat map showing small area based levels of deprivation in your local authority area. This uses the Index of Multiple Deprivation data which both the Marmot report and the UCL Institute of Health Equity refer to. The map is there to make it easier for you to refer and compare different neighbourhoods in your area. It includes a radial graph showing the seven domains of deprivation that go to make up the Index of Multiple Deprivation. For technical reasons both the map and radial graph reverse the number range contained in the Marmot report: Decile 1 is now least deprived and Decile 10 = most deprived. This is so that the data is aligned to the Decile range shown in the accompanying heat map and radial graph.
HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN WESTMINSTERKey indicators
In Westminster the average life expectancy at birth is 83.8 years for men and 86.7 for women
Westminster
England
London
74.0 76.0 78.0 80.0 82.0 84.0 86.0 88.0
WomenMen
Years
But those living in the most deprived areas of Westminster have a lower life expectancy compared to those in the most affluent areas
Most deprived areas
Least deprived areas
Decile range
The inequality in male life expectancy in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
Years
Years9.7 The inequality in female life expectancy in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
Check the heatmap to see which decile
your neighbourhood falls into. Click on an area of the map for
more information
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 1
men 75.4 77 81.6 81.3 83.5 85.7 86.5 86.2 88.1 93
Women 81.4 82.5 84.1 85.8 87.1 87 91.3 87.1 89.3 90
62.5
67.5
72.5
77.5
82.5
87.5
92.5
menWomenYe
ars
16.9
And the inequality in ‘disability-free life expectancy’ (DFLE) is even greater
The inequality in male life expectancy in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
Years
Years9.7 The inequality in female life expectancy in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
The inequality in Disability -free life expectancy for men in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
Years
Years14.4
17
Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) is the average number of years a person could expect to live without an illness or health problem that limits their daily activities. An inequality of 17 years means that a DFLE for the best off in Westminster is 17 years higher than for the worst off.
Those living in areas of high deprivation not only die earlier but also spend more of their years coping with a disability
The inequality in Disability -free life expectancy for women in Westminster between the most and least deprived areas
16.9
Health inequalities result from social inequalities
Social inequality indicators used to predict health outcomes*
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
The London Health Observatory (LHO) and the UCL Institute of Health Equity have produced the following key indicators relating to the social determinants of health outcomes
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 160.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
Year
s
*see spine charts in Marmot report
In Westminster 55 % of children achieved a good level of development at age 5 (Year 2011)
The highest priority in the Marmot Review is the aim to give every child the best start in life, as this is crucial to reducing health inequalities across the life course. As the foundations of human development are laid in early childhood, the review proposed an indicator of readiness for school to capture early years development.
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
indicators used to predict health outcomes
Westminster England London52.0
53.0
54.0
55.0
56.0
57.0
58.0
59.0
60.0
Children achieving a good level of development at age 5
Perc
enta
ge
This is significantly lower than the London and
national average
In Westminster, 4.9 % of young people are not in employment, education or training
Non-participation of young people in education, employment or training between the ages of 16 and 19 is a major predictor of later unemployment, low income, depression, involvement in crime and poor mental health
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
indicators used to predict health outcomes
This is a modest improvement on the previous period – and significantly below
the England average
Westminster England London 0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Nov 2010 - Jan 2011 Nov 2009 - Jan 2010
Perc
enta
ge
In Westminster, 15.6% of people were in receipt of means tested benefits (Year 2008)
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
indicators used to predict health outcomes
This is a modest decrease from year 2005 to year 2008
“An adequate and fair healthy standard of living is critical to reducing health inequalities. Insufficient income is associated with worse outcomes across virtually all domains, including long-term health and life expectancy.” pg 120 of Marmot reportWestminster England London
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
15.6 14.6
18.817.4
15.5
20.6
Year 2008 Year 2005
Perc
enta
ge
In Year 2008,15.6% of people lived in households in receipt of means tested benefit – but this masks significant variations based on area
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
In Westminster, when you compare the worst off areas with the best off, there is a difference of 39.7* percentage points. For example those areas falling into the bottom decile (decile 10) have a far higher concentration of their population on benefits (around 40%) compared to decile 1 (around 2.5%)
indicators used to predict health outcomes
Dec 10 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 1 0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
Year 2008 Year 2005
Perc
enta
ge
* To be treated with caution - figure is subject to significant confidence intervals
each of the indicators below is used to predict the health outcomes above
Children achieving a good level of
development aged 5
Young people not in employment,
education or training
People in receipt of means tested
benefits
Means tested benefits by area of
deprivation
The London Health Observatory (LHO) and the UCL Institute of Health Equity have produced the following key indicators relating to the social determinants of health outcomes
*see spine charts in Marmot report
The average life expectancy... hides significant variation based on where you live..
...and the quality of life your fellow citizens lead
To summarise:
Doing nothing is not an option
– £31-33 billion in productivity losses
– £20-32 billion in lost taxes and higher welfare payments
– costs in excess of £5.5 billion in additional NHS healthcare costs every year
The Marmot report outlines a range of policy initiatives from early years education to a minimum income for healthy living.Those who claim that such policies are unaffordable in the present economic climate, must weigh that claim against the cost of doing nothing:
Marmot report
YOU ARE FREE TO USE THIS SLIDESHOW AS A TEMPLATE FOR YOUR OWN –SEE NEXT SLIDE
Slideshow by Gavin Barkerwww.gavin-barker.com KEY SOURCES
London Health ObservatoryClick to access source
UCL Institute of Health Equity
Should you do so, please delete my name and substitute the picture in slide 14 (copyright restrictions by istockphoto apply). To embed a section of the map in your website, please contact me [email protected]
Use the data for your local authority located at the London Health Observatory
This is available for upper tier local authorities in England only (excluding the City of London and Isles of Scilly)
INSTRUCTIONS TO DOWNLOAD
Slideshow by Gavin Barkerwww.gavin-barker.com KEY SOURCES
London Health ObservatoryClick to access source
UCL Institute of Health Equity
Click on slideshare1.
Click download2. 3. Amend the PowerPoint adding in the data for your area along with any pictures
4. Create a free account on Slideshare and upload your powerpoint.
5. <>Copy and paste the embed code into your blog or website<>
