How to write a Scientific Report/Presentation tips, pre-Bachelor level, non-native English speakers.
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Transcript of How to write a Scientific Report/Presentation tips, pre-Bachelor level, non-native English speakers.
Phoenix-English Communications 2014
The Scientific Report
How-to-do
In English
http://tutor2u.net/blog/index.php/business-studies/comments/buss4-exam-technique-big-mac-or-hamburger-fries/
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The Scientific Report is like a Big MacIt has layers and is built into something enjoyable that is
easy to digest;
Some of its components are standardized, some changeable;
If done well, it will stay with you awhile and you‘ll think about it.
This powerpoint has lots of text because I‘m
not present to explain every detail…
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1. The Scientific Report usually poses a problem or recognizes a challenge involving your theme, (“Problem Definition”). You have to state a clear problem or challenge and then the whole paper is structured around that problem. 2. Your research takes a hard look at that problem (the "Main Body" of the Paper). 3. The end of the paper summarizes what you have found and reminds us of your points. (This is "Results").4. Based on what your research found, a solution - (something new!) is offered, (The "Conclusion"). If you have no solution or more research is needed beyond the scope of your paper, you say so in the Conclusion. The Conclusion refers to the Problem already stated and offers a SOLUTION.
First: Choose a theme that interests you, Second: Develop a problem or a challenge, (it only needs to be 3-4 sentences), make sure it has a clear definition which will define the direction of the paper.Third: Then you can begin your research.
What‘s a Scientific
Report?
GO!
It always has - A Top of the Bun
- A Middle Part with all the stuff
- A Bottom of the Bun
It‘s a Big Mac
because..
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Like a Big Mac, it is the Middle that changes with different stuff
depending on your paper‘s content, but the Bun Structure
stays the same!
Cover pageExecutive Summary 1. Table of Contents Page 3 2. Introduction Page 4 3. Problem Definition Page 5 4. Methods Page 5 5. List of Abbreviations Page 6 6. Charts, Figures Page 6 7. Main Body Page 7 8. Results Page 18 9. Conclusion Page 1810. Bibliography Page 19
Your TOC could
look like this…
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The The Big Big MacMac(Suggested page
numbers)
This is as long or as short as you make it
The ExecSumm is „outside“
of page numbers
The Executive
“Summary”
It’s NOT an overview summary! It’s a step by step summary of paper’s
each main point- each paragraph a mini-summary!
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Top of
the Bun:
What‘s different about the Executive Summary?
“The Executive Summary” - A short section-by-section overview, includes the Results and Conclusion. (Content: 10% of the total paper)
„Table of Contents“ – Lists all the main headers (including TOC).
“The Introduction” - A sexy “Hook” that makes the reader want to read more. (Content ½ page).
“Methods” - How the information was gathered. “Charts and Figures” - Where to find the Graphics (but
do not show the graphics).“Abbreviations - Abbreviation list.“The Problem Definition” - Why the paper was written; the burning question.“Results” and “Conclusion” – one is a summary, the other makes intelligent, educated predictions about the future. “The Bibliography” - Where the information comes from, carefully recorded, footnoted and cited throughout the paper.
The Scientific Paper is a Big Mac:(Here’s a closer look at some of the ingredients)Here’s a closer look at some of the ingredients)
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TOP
8The Middle Part: The Meat
http://www.gotbuffalo. com/Buffalo-5lb-Patty-Burger.htm
Here’s the Main Body:“The Meat”
…Now define a “Problem”!
After you look at the current state of affairs you can
think about how you are going to answer your Problem
Definition which is about the future…
This is the procedure for any topic you choose;
industry or company.
Problem Definition „What will Germany‘s rolein the future be in Europe?“
Cont’d.
Main Body:
(The Meaty
Middle)
7. Main Body: Germany and its future role in Europe
7.1 History 7.1.1 Before Christ 7.1.1 After Christ7.2 Demographics Today 7.2.1 Geography and population
7.2.1.1 North7.2.1.2 East7.2.1.3 South7.2.1.4 West
7.3 Politics 7.3.1 Nazi Germany 7.3.2 The Parties
7.3.2.1 CDU7.3.2.2 SPD
7.3.3 Germany’s Politics in Europe7.4 Culture 7.4.1 Literature
7.5.1.1 Goethe 7.4.2 Cuisine
7.5.2.1 The Beer 7.4.3 Community
7.4.3.1 Laptops and Lederhosen7.5 Economics 7.5.1 Rebuilding After the War 7.5.2 Brand: Made in Germany 7.5.3. Germany‘s Economic Powerhouse7.6 Germany‘s Role in the World 7.6.1 International position 7.6.2 European position 7.6.3 Future conditions
8. Results
9. Conclusion
10. Bibliography
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“Methods” - How the information was gathered. “The Problem Definition” - Why the paper was written. “Charts and Figures” - Where to find the Graphics.“Abbreviations - Abbreviation list “The Introduction” - A sexy “Hook” that makes the reader want more. “The Executive Summary” - A short section-by-section overview, includes the Results and Conclusion.
“Results” and “Conclusion” – one is a summary of everything you wrote, the other makes intelligent, educated predictions about the future, based on your research. (Content about ½ page each).
“The Bibliography/Works Cited” - Where the information comes from, carefully recorded, footnoted and cited throughout the paper. (Following the Harvard System of Citation – not the German or any other system).
The Scientific Paper is a Big Mac:(Here’s the rest of it)(Here’s the rest of it)
http://kundiman.net/2008/12/12/berrrger-no-berrrger/
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BotBottomtom
Bottom
Harvard Referencing System
Absolutely NONO Wiki, Buzzle,Hubpages, etc…
NONO Ask.com
or eHow.com
or any
internet
general info
source……
NO NO Blogs! ONLY published, reputable sources – (ask your Instructor)!
This Guide tells you how to deal with Footnotes, Citations..Look It Up!
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A reference/citation A reference/citation looks like this:looks like this:
“..Although most scholars accept the blabla theory, a few have criticized its main points (e.g. Blust 1999, Tsuchida & Yamada 1991, Peiros 2004)…”
• Tsuchida, S. & Yamada, Y. (1991). "Ogawa’s Siraya/Makatao/Taivoan comparative vocabulary" in S. Tsuchida, Y. Yamada & T. Moriguchi (Ed.) Linguistic Materials of the Formosan Sinicized Populations I: Siraya and Basai. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo.
In the body of the text
Then this on the Bibliography/
Works Cited page
The Executive
“Summary”
A blow by blow description of each main point: 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, etc.
History, Demographics, Politics, Culture, Economics etc…
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Write it after you have finished writing the rest of the paper – andand..it includes the conclusion!!
It is written in this way for busy people who can’t or don’t want to read the whole
report!
It is the first page of
your Scientific Report
after the cover page.
Attractive Cover pageExecutive Summary 1. Table of Contents Page 3 2. Introduction Page 4 3. Problem Definition Page 5 4. Methods Page 5 5. List of Abbreviations Page 6 6. Charts, Figures Page 6 7. Main Body: Germany and.. Page 7 8. Results Page 18 9. Conclusion Page 1810. Bibliography Page 19
Your TOC should
look like this…
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Is it clear now?
The Presentation
Put
numbers
on your
slides!
WeWe have to read ALL THE TEXTALL THE TEXT while sitting far away; can we see your graphs and all the text?
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/7797323/Children-who-eat-three-or-more-burgers-a-week-more-likely-to-develop-asthma.html
We want to Enjoy
what we are
seeing!1. Choose one idea one idea
only, only, for each slide –Get away from Get away from
Bullet Points-use Bullet Points-use graphics/visuals, graphics/visuals,
VISUALSVISUALS!!!!2. Answer this: Why
have you chosen to tell us thisthis piece of info on thisthis slide;
Why is the concept on this slide
important?
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in a presentation. Ask in a presentation. Ask
your Instructor.your Instructor.
18 practice meets theory meets experience