How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence...

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How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always connect the Latin case ending to the word’s function in the sentence.

Transcript of How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence...

Page 1: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

How to work througha Latin Sentence

A Technique for Success

1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip

around!2) Always connect the Latin case ending to the word’s function in the sentence.

Page 2: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

The order of words in a Latin sentence is rarely the same as its English translation, so beginning readers need a strategy to help relate Latin forms to English word order.

What follows is a slow-motion method which simulates how an experienced reader’s brain processes the Latin text. Be patient and give it a try! Once you get used to the Latin system, you won’t have to keep doing this.

The worst thing you can do as you start learning Latin is to take short cuts; this will cause a lot of trouble

later on.

Page 3: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

A complete sentence in English has certain predictable core elements which occur in a

consistent word order:Subject + Verb +/- Object s +/- s

Add “a” and “the” to your final translation as appropriate.

As you identify the ending on a Latin word and the function it signals, fill in the appropriate blank in the

English model.

Nominative = SubjectAccusative = Object

Page 4: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

Amīcī dōnum amant.

Subject + Verb +/- Object

(Nom.) s +/-

(Acc.)

Item Form / Function

Translation

Amīcī Nom. pl. / Subject Friends ______ +/- _______.

dōnum Acc. sg. / Dir. Obj. Friends ______ gift.

amant 3rd pl. / Verb Friends love gift.

Final translation: Friends love a gift.

Page 5: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

Try this sentence and click to check your answer.

Agricola agrōs laudat.

Item Form / Function

Translation

Agricola Nom. sg. / Subj. Farmer ______s +/- _______.

agrōs Acc. pl. / D.O. Farmer ______s fields.

laudat 3rd sg. / Verb Farmer praises fields.

Final Translation: The farmer praises the fields.

Page 6: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

If the sentence has an adverbial modifier, put it at the end of the sentence - then adjust your final translation.

Agricola ab agrīs in casam rosam portat.

ab Preposition Farmer ___s +/- ___ from____.

The farmer carries a rose from the fields into the house.

agrīs Abl. pl. Farmer ___s +/- ___ from fields.

in Preposition Farmer ___s +/- ___ from fields in/into ___.

casam Acc. sg. Farmer ___s +/- ___ from fields into house.

rosam Acc. sg. Farmer ___s rose from fields into house.

Agricola Nom. sg. Farmer ______s +/- _______.

portat 3rd sg. verb Farmer carries rose from fields into house.

Chapter 4

Page 7: How to work through a Latin Sentence A Technique for Success 1) Remember always to read the sentence from left to right - don’t skip around! 2) Always.

If the sentence has an adjective, put it immediately before the noun it modifies. Put any genitive

modifier immediately after the noun it modifies.

Amīcus agricolae pulchram rosam portat.

agricolae Gen. sg. Friend of farmer ___s +/- ___.

The farmer’s friend carries a beautiful rose.

pulchram Acc. f. sg. Friend of farmer ___s beautiful ___.

rosam Acc. f. sg. Friend of farmer ___s beautiful rose.

portat 3rd sg. verb Friend of farmer carries beautiful rose.

Amīcus Nom. sg. Friend ______s +/- _______.

Chapter 5