How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers · Paint Types and Selection Coating Types...
Transcript of How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers · Paint Types and Selection Coating Types...
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Introduction
Surface coating industry is one of the most popularindustries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gainingground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied withclosed advance in surface coating technology. They areformulated for specific purposes: outside house paints andexterior varnishes are intended to give good service whenexposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulatedto give excellent coverage and good wash ability; andlacquers are formulated for rapid drying.
Varnish is one of the important parts of surface coatingindustry. Varnish is a transparent, hard, protective finish orfilm primarily used in wood finishing but also for othermaterials. They are used to change the surface gloss,making the surface more matte or higher gloss, or toprovide the various areas of a painting with a more unifiedfinish. Varnishes are also applied over wood stains as afinal step to achieve a film for gloss and protection. Someproducts are marketed as a combined stain and varnish.
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Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic compositionwhich after application to a substrate in a thin layeris converted to an opaque solid film. It is mostcommonly used to protect, colour or provide textureto objects. The paint industry volume in India hasbeen growing at 15% per annum for quite someyears now. As far as the future growth prospects areconcerned, the industry is expected to grow at 12 to13% annually over the next five years.
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The technology is required to produce different typeof new paints and varnishes based on different typeof uses. The paint and coatings industry plays anintegral role in sustainability; coatings protect theobjects we depend on every day, preserve ourpossessions, so they last longer and provide for asustainable future. They are indispensable productsthat extend the useful life of everyday objects byacting as a protective barrier.
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These newer products have enabled paintmanufacturers to improve the performanceproperties of their paints and coatings and sosatisfy the more stringent requirements of ourmodern industrial society. The future forindustrial paints, varnishes and lacquers is bright.In the next few years its value will go up graduallyin line with the global trend.
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The major contents of the book are application ofpaints, fundamentals of paint, varnishes andlacquers, manufacturing of different type of paints,paint formulation, pigment dispersion, emulsionpaints, and so on.
The book deals with fundamentals of paints,Varnishes and lacquers, pigments, Oils used inpaints and varnishes, solvents, dryers,
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plasticizers, additives for surface coating,various types of paint manufacturing etc.The book is very useful for newentrepreneurs, existing units, technocrats,technical institutions and for those whowants to diversify in the field of paintsmanufacturing.
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Table of Contents
1. Application of PaintsPaint System SpecificationPreparation of PaintsEstablishment of the paint Manufacture UnitPigmentWhite PigmentsBlack PigmentsRed PigmentGreen Pigment
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Blue PigmentSynthetic Ultramarine BlueYellow PigmentDrying Oils & DriersDrying OilsLinsed OilCastro Oil & Dehydrated Castro OilDehydrated Castro Oil (DCO)Tung Oil
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Soyabean OilCashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)Other Less Important OilsRefiningof Drying OilsDiriers
2. Fundamentals of Paint, Varnishes & LacquersPaintVarnishes
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LacquersSolventsWhite PigmentsRed PigmentsYellow and Brown Earth ColoursOrange and Yellow PigmentsGreen PigmentsBlue PigmentsBlack PigmentsExtenders
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Oils Used In PaintsResins Used In Paints, Varnishes And LacquersSolvents Used In Paints, Varnishes and LacquersAddittives Used In Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers
3. Oils Used In Paints and VarnishesDrying OilsConjugated Oils
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Semi Drying OilsNon-Drying OilsDerivatives of Drying OilsRefining of Oils
4. SolventsHydrocarbonsKetonesEstersGlycol Ethers
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AlcoholsTerpenes
5. PlasticizersGeneral Properties of Plasticizers
6. Additives in surface Coatings
7. Formulary with Processes of Distempers,Whitewash, Putties & EmulsionWhite DistempeerSky Blue Distermper
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Yellow DistermperWhite WashPuttiesNon-Freezing PuttyModified PuttyEmulsion Paints
8. FormulationsEnamelsLuminous PaintsPaint for Structural Steel
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Mica Lustre PaintAluminum Priming for WoodWater Emulsion Paints for Exterior UseVarnishesLacques
9. LacquersCellulose ProductsEthyl CelluloseLacpuer Manufacture
Mertis of Cellulose LacquersAeroplane LacquerBook LacquerVarnishesDifferent kinds of VarnishesOil VarnishTurpentine VarnishSpirit VarnishWater VarnishOil Varnishes
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Preparation of Oil VarnishesGum RunningAddition of Drying OilsThinningMaturingDifferent kinds of Oil VarnishesExterior VarnishInterior Decorators VarnishRubbing VarnishPolishing Varnish
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Flat VarnishGold SizeBlack VarnishFormulase of Oil VarnishesSpirit Varnish or LacquerResinsSolventsPlasticizersAlcohol VarnishTurpentine Varnishes
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Formulas for Preparing Spirit VarnishesFrench VarnishVarnish Prepared from Synthetic ResinsSpar VarnishProcess
10. Paint Manufacturing Different Types of Paints and Various FormulationsPremixingGrinding OperationTinting Operation
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Oil Based PaintsModern Gloss FinishesHeat Resisting PaintsFlame Retardant PaintsPlastic PaintsFloor PaintsFlat PaintsAluminium PaintWrinkle FinishesHammer Fnishes
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Marine CoatingsIntroductionShip PaintsHull PaintsTop Sides FinishBoot Topping PaintsAntifouling PaintsAnti-Corrosive PaintsRoad Marking PaintsChemical Resistant Coattings
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Shythetic Enamel PaintsBittumionous CoattingsHigh Solids FinishesCuring Agent :Graphite and Graphite Paints
11. PrimersPrimer for MetalsTypes of PrimersBlast PrimersMetallic Zince Primers
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Red Oxide/Zinc Chrome PrimersLead Based PrimerWash PrimerPrimers for woodLeadless Primers :Aluminium PrimerEmulsion PrimersWall Primers & Sealers
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12. Major Defects Which Occurs in Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers AlligatoringBleedingBlisteringBloomingBlushingBrush DragBrush MarkingChalking
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Checking
Cissing
Cracking
Effloresence
Fading
Floating
Flooding
Gas Checking
Loss of Gloss
Lifting
Leaching
Orange Pell
Pinholing
Sagging
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13. Powder CoatingsThermoplastic CoatingsPVC CoatingsThermosetting Coating PowdersEpoxy Powder CoatingsFormulation of Powder CoatingsFluidized bed CoatingElectrosatic Fludized Bed CoatingsElectrostatic Spray Coating
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14. Drying Oils : Their Origin, Manufactture and PropertiesGeneral HistoryTypes of Drying OilsManufacturing and Refining MethodsSolvent ExtractionThe composition of Drying OilsFuture Developments
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15. Pigments-General Classification and DescriptionDefinition of PaintPurposes of Pigments in PaintHiding Power of PaintExtender PigmentsPigment Manufacturing
16. White Hiding Pigment
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17. Organic Toners and Mineral PigmentsColor BlendingMetallic PigmentsBlacksEarth ColorsInorganic BluesOrganic BluesBrownsGreensOrganic GreensMarron PigmentOrangesRedsVioletsYellows
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18. Rosin and Rosin Derivatives
19. Alkyd Resin Technology
20. Miscellaneous Resins in Protective CoatingsPetroleum ResinsTTerpene ResinsCoumarone-Indene ResinsMaleic ResinsChlorinated Resins
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21. Solvent-type ResinsBrush LacquersAcknowledgmentEthyl CelluloseParlonVinyl ResinsPolystyrene and Styrene ResinsAcrylate and Methacrylate ResinsAllyl ResinsPliolite
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Silicone Resins
22. Hydrocarbon ThinnersMeasures of SolvencyCompositionViscosity ReductionTests for PurityVolatilityConclusion
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23. Formulation of the "Volatiles" in Nitrocellulose Lacquers Solvents and DiluentsLatent SolventsThinners
24. The application of Metallic Soaps as Driers, Fungicides, Suspending Agents and Flatting AgenstTheories on the Mechanism of the Action of DriersEfficiency of Driers
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Effect of VehicleMetallic Soaps as FungicidesMetallic Soaps and Suspending AgentsMetallic Soaps as Flatting Agents
25. The Testing of Raw MaterialsReasons for Testing Raw MaterialsCompleteness of TestingSolventsDrying OilsConclusion
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26. Resin and Varnish ManufactureTung OilOiticica OilPerilla and Linseed OilsOther OilsOil-Resin Combinations
27. Industrial FinishesClassificationManufacturing Methods for Industrial Finishes
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28. Trade Sales PaintsShingle StainSpar VarnishExterior EnamelsGaulking CompoundsAsphalt and Coal-tar PaintWall Primer and SealersWall finish CoatsEnamel UndercoatersEnamel Finish CoatsVarnishes
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Floor Paints and EnamelsMiscellaneous
29. Water and Emulsion Paints
30. Aminoplast ResinsChemistry and CompositionCommercial Practice and CompositionFunctional Use and MechanismFormulation
31. Phenolic Resins
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32. Epoxy ResinsPhysical and Chemical Charac Teristics of Epoxy ResinsTwo-Package or Amine-Cured Epoxy CoatingsEpoxy EstersHigh-Performance Baking FinishesOther Types of Epoxy Coatings
33. Acrylic ResinsTypes of Acrylic ResinsProperties of Acrylic ResinsPolymerization of Acrylic MonomersApplications of Acrylic PolymersStarting Formulations
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34. Vinyl Resins for CoatingsPolymerization MethodsVinyl Chloride Solution ResinsVinyl Dispersion ResinsPolyvinyl Acetal ResinsPolyvinyl Acetate
35. Urethane CoatingsRaw MaterialsCoating Vehicle IntermediatesChemistry
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Classificationof CoatingsDrying Oil Modifide UrethanesPrepolymersBlocked IsocyanatesTwo-Package Urethane Coatings Astm-4Polyester/Polyisocyanate Two-Component Systems, Astm-5Comparision of Uretthane Coatings with Competitive CoatingsImproved Color StabilityLower-Cost UrethanesConclusion
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36. Oxygenated SolventsEster SolventsKetone SolventsGlycol Ether SolventsAlcoholsOther SolventsSolvent PropertiesFormulation of Solvents Systems
37. White PigmentsOpacityThe reactive white Pigments
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The nonreactive white Pigments
38. Coloued PigmentsChrome YellowsZince YellowsStrontium YellowNickel Titanate YellowNickel Azo YellowCadmium YellowYellow lron OxideHansa YellowsBenzidine Yellows
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Vat YellowsChrome OrangeMolybdate OrangeCadmium Orange"Mercadium" OrangeBenzidine OrangeDinitraniline OrangeVatDay OrangesChrome GreensChromium oxideHydrated Chromium OxideCopper Phthalocyanine Green
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Organic Green TonersIron BluesCopper Phthalocyanine bluesUltramarine BlueOrganic Blue TonersIndanthrone BlueCarbazole Dioxazine VioletOrganic Violet TonerMineral VioletQuinacridone VioletLitholsPara Reds
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Toluidine RedsLithol RubineChlorinated Para RedQuinacridone Reds and MaroonsRed Iron OxideCadmium Red and Maroons"Mercadium" Reds and MaroonsRed LeadThioindigo Reds and MaroonsArylide MaroonsSiennas, Ochers and UmbersCarbon Blacks, Lampblacks and Bone BlacksTinting Properties of Colored Pigments
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39. Paint FormulationArt
Science
Raw Materials
Manufacture
Cost
Performance
Principles
Pigments Volume Concentration
Critical Pigment Volume Concentration
Pigment
Vehicle
Solvents and Driers
Formulation Example
Computer
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40. Pigment DispersionDefinition
Method.
Equipment
Mill Base Formulation
Setting Up a Laboratory Formula
Equipment setups and Limitations
Tank Configuration
Premixers
Conclusions
41. Emulsion PaintsIngredients of An Emulsion Paint
Emulision Formation
Stability of Emulsions
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42. Maintenance PaintsPaint Types and Selection
Coating Types
Description By Generic Types
Principles of Effective Maintenance Painting
Substrate Materialss
Effect of Exposure
Paint System and Application
43. Aluminum Pigments and PaintsHistory
Methods of Manufacture
Properties and Characteristics of The Pigment
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Aluminium Pigments Products
Testing Aluminum Pigments
Aluminum Paints
Application Methods
44. Aerosol CoatingsDefinition
Description
Components
Paint Formulation
45. Paint and Varnish RemoversPaint Removal
Solvent Paint and Varnish Removers
Nochlorinated Solvent Paint Removers
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46. Machinery & Equipments for Paint & Varnish IndustryTriple Roil MillSand GrinderColloid MillAmalgamator or Horizontal MixerAttrition MillRoll MillCone Blender MixerDrum Type MixerPlanetary Paste MixerPortable Stirrer
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