How to Evaluate IP Address Assignment for Cable Modem, xDSL and Home LAN

October 26, 2000

Lee, Seung-Min (seungmin@nic.or.kr)

Policy Development and Research Division

KRNIC(Korea Network Information Center)

Content Introduction Problems

IP address assignment Internet address usage and space for allocation No guideline in registering end-users info into WHOIS DB

Current Practices at KRNIC Cable network xDSL Home LAN

Conclusion

Introduction KRNIC is NIR(National Internet Registry)

Non-Profit Organization, Not an ISP .KR Domain name registration Managing Internet resources(IP address, AS number)

within Korea 78 member ISPs

L IR

L IR

L IR L IR

NIR(C on fed era tion )

L IR

A P N ICB risb an e , A u s tra lia

IS P IS P

IS P IS P

A R INR es ton , V A , U S

L IR L IR

R IP E -N C CA m s te rd am , Th e N eth erlan d s

IA N AM arin a d e l R ey, C A , U S

Introduction The Internet explosively expanded.

Internet Users in Korea : 16.4 million(Aug 2000)

By development of new Internet related technology, ISPs can provide HIGH-SPEED and in LOW-PRICED Internet connection services.

So, the target of Internet Services Business has been rapidly changed from dedicated line services to end-user oriented services, as like ISDN, cable network, and xDSL. Total number of subscribers : 2 million (Aug 2000)

Number of Subscribers per each Services(Yearly Growth)

689,563

1,224,113

155,990

2,069,666

173,662

97,325108,733

379,720

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

Dec-99 Jan-00 Feb-00 Mar-00 Apr-00 May-00 Jun-00 Jul-00 Aug-00

CATV

xDSL

ISDN

Total

The Percentage of Broadband Network’s Subscribers in Korea

xDSL57.25%

ISDN7.30%

Cable Modem32.25%

※ Total Number of Subscribers : 2,069,666

Problems1. Needs IP addresses as many as the number of

subscribers

2. Difficulty of evaluating IP address usage and determining how many additional IP address space would be allocated for the future

3. No guideline in Registering end-users’ information into WHOIS DB

Problem 11. Needs IP addresses as many as the number of

subscribers The low-priced and high-speed services make many

subscribers to stay 24 hrs a day online. DHCP does not affect Can be consider as like permanent connection The necessity of assigning IP addresses in the ratio

of 1:1 basis for each subscriber arises

Problem 2 Difficulty of evaluating IP address usage and determining how

many additional IP address space would be allocated for the future Current Practice, IP address allocation procedure is based on

estimated figure in prospective subscribers who are considered as future business target

The number of Prospective subscriber is not a actual data. So, there is no concrete data we can determine the additional IP address space the ISP needs for the future

Therefore, clear and transparent procedures and policies are needed for Internet address usage and space for allocation

Installed huge amount of equipment but, there is just small subscriber How to allocate the IP address? Based on equipment? Or number of

Subscribers?

Problem 3 We need clear and effective guidelines how to register

assignment information into WHOIS database Current practice, there is 2 different methods in registering

assignment information based on IP address assignment Methods Dynamic IP address assignment

Consider as ISP’s Infrastructure? Problem : impossible to have a quick and prompt confrontation for

SPAM mail or hacking incidents, etc. Static IP address assignment

Registering each personal information into WHOIS DB? Problems :

Frequently change of service providers Privacy Protection Law

Current Practice at KRNIC

Cable Network xDSL Home LAN

Cable Network Network illustration source by THRUNET

Cable Network IP Address Assignment Guidelines for Cable Network

Consider as totally different Network Do not need Old-Network Information

Does not affect the rule “An ISP must receive IP address from only one upstream provider”

Static assign is okay. But, clarification needed Network Topology, Characteristic and model name of equipment,

trend of increasing subscribers, statistical analysis for the IP address usage

ISP must maintain the user’s information. Also, when KRNIC requests the end-user’s information the ISP must provide the information immediately

Cable Network The evaluation procedure for Additional IP address

allocation ISP must provide estimate of increasing subscribers for next 3

month. Allocation through demonstrated utilization

This is based on the number of ISP’s logical clusters and number of subscribers growing in a certain period

ISP must provide how many IP address have been assigned to each logical cluster including the actual IP address’s starting and ending number.

In addition, the ISP must submit the list of current subscribers

Cable Network How to register the end-user’s information

Dynamic Assignment Registering the “INETNUM Object” for each logical cluster as ISP’s

infrastructure Static Assignment

Registering the each end-user’s information. ISP can choose one of following 2 options

In each assignment, end user’s information must be registered into KRNIC WHOIS database using the form “Requesting IP address for the end-user”

or ISP must provide the entire end-users list to KRNIC using the following forma

[Format] Name or Organization, start IP/length, address, telephone #, E-mail

xDSLNetwork illustration of ADSL source by HANARO Telecom

Internet

APT

APT

ISP’s Logical Cluster(Local Node or POP)

Router ATM Switch

B-RAS

• Consider as a ISP’s Infra

xDSL Pattern of IP address assignment for xDSL

It assigns IP addresses dynamically using DHCP. Ratio of Subscriber to number of IP address is 2:1, but, in many cases, it needs 1:1 basis.

Guidance Since it is assigned dynamically, register the assignment

information as ISP’s infrastructure Decision in the size of IP address spaces is made through the

current condition of the ISP’s number of subscribers up until now, and facilities investment needs to be made.

IP address’s assigning management differentiates through the local node unit. It periodically reports current number of subscribers and assigned IP addresses.

xDSL Methods of registering assignment information

Static Assignment Static assignment must registers into KRNIC’s WHOIS

database

Dynamic Assignment It registers as Infrastructure for the itemized assignment of

each local node unit

Home LANNetwork illustration of Home LAN source by HANARO Telecom

Internet

APT

APT

ISP’s Logical Cluster(Local Node or POP)

Router ATM Switch

B-RAS

Router

Router

• Each APT is separate segment. (= separate network)

• Registering each segment as a customer network

Home LAN Definition

Home LAN service is slightly different from xDSL. It is structured that each subscriber uses LAN and each APT or Building complex setup a its own router so as to form an Independent network.

Registration Therefore, since we consider each segment as independent

network, ISP must registers each assignment information each by each network.(APT. of Building)

Home LAN Problems

Hard to estimate subscribers, but, ISP can estimates the potential maximum number of subscribers.

Initial IP address assignment and reliable source for additional allocation Initial allocation is /27 Additional allocation needed as the subscribers

increase, ISP must provide following data List of subscribers Usage rate of IP addresses : PING or MRTG data

Proposal Trust base Need concrete procedure for IP address allocation

and assignment Need a precise definition of Infrastructure and

customer network Initial minimum Allocation Need clear, justifiable, and documented materials for

evaluating IP address usage Decide the way of registering IP address

assignment information

Initial Minimum Assignment Size Cable Network

1. Assign /24 per CMTS when ISP using bundling feature Recommend using bundling feature

2. Assign additional /24 when the monitoring shows 80% usage of previous assigned IP address. Since we cannot obtain exact estimate or prediction, it it

recommended that additional /24 is appropriate when subscribers increse

3. If expecting future subscribers are more than 250, then assigning /23 is suitable

Initial Minimum Assignment Size xDSL

1. Assign /24 with each B_RAS equipment unit and minimum allocation pattern.

2. If 80% of previously assigned /24 is occupied, then assign additional /24.

Home LAN 1. Initially assign /27 to each home LAN segment.2. Since Home LAN is more like an independent

network with small number of users, it is recommended that /27 is initially being served.

Initial Minimum Assignment Size Summary

Initial Assignment

Additional Assignment

CATV/24

(per CMTS)/24(80% usage of previous block in MRTG)

xDSL/24

(per site)/24(80% usage of previous block)

Home LAN/27

(per segment)Same as Dedicated-line

List of documents for clarification

1. Summary of IP address usage and the number of subscribers

Node Subscribers Number of Port

Total Usage Rate(%)

Seoul 800 800 /23+/24 90%

Pusan 250 500 /24 70%

….        

List of documents for clarification

2. The status of IP address assignment per each node

Node IP address space Total Sub Total

Date of Assignment

Seoul 210.100.32.0 – 210.100.32.255210.100.36.0 – 210.100.36.255210.100.52.0 – 210.100.52.255

/24/24/24

 

 /23+/24

2000.1.12000.2.152000.4.20

Pusan 210.203.22.0 – 210.203.22.128 /25 /25 2000.3.6

…        

Total     /23+/24+/25

 

List of documents for clarification Actual data which can clarify the IP address

usage The history of subscribers’ growth and list of

reserved subscribers MRTG PING

Max   Usage:

10.2 kport (93.3%)

 Average  

Usage:2734.0 port

(25.0%) 

Current   Usage:

5581.0 port (50.9%)

 

Registration - Proposal Each ISP records and maintains the end-users assignment

information in database Static Assignment

Each ISP must register end-users’ information in the ISP’s database Dynamic Assignment

Each ISP manages usage and users’ information in order to make provision for SPAM and hacking

IR registers and maintains only allocation information in WHOIS database and also provides one of followings. Provide end-users’ information using mirroring. or Provides ISP’s contact point who can inform end-user

information

Registration – Proposal A

PUBLIC

IR(RIR/NIR) ISPMaintain only allocation Information

whois.nic.or.kr

whois.kornet.co.krMirroring

query End-User infoquery ISP and End-User info

Register and maintainEnd-user information

KORNET Information Servicequery: 211.32.0.0

# ENGLISHIP Address : 211.32.0.0-211.32.0.3 Registration Date: 20000606 Network Name : xDSL-User

[User Information ] Name : Hong Kil-DongState : Seoul E-mail : kildong@kornet.net…

Korea Internet Information Service V1.0 ( created by KRNIC, 1999.6 ) query: 211.32.0.0 * 한글 기관명에 대한 whois 조회는 웹… 조회하신 해당 IP 주소는 아래…

# ENGLISHIP Address : 211.32.0.0-211.32.2.255 Connect ISP Name : BORANET Relevant Database : whois.kornet.netConnect Date : 1999.11.09 Registration Date: 20000606 Network Name : BORANETUSERSERIAL

[ Organization Information ] Orgnization ID : ORG91351 Name : DACOM State : Seoul …

[User Information ] Name : Hong Kil-DongState : Seoul E-mail : kildong@kornet.net

Registration – Proposal A

PUBLIC

IR(RIR/NIR) ISPMaintain only allocation Information

whois.nic.or.kr

request End-User infoquery ISP info

Register and maintainEnd-user information

Access

Conclusion When brand new Internet connection service has been

introduced, we, our member ISP and KRNIC(IR), are facing the problems how to assign IP address for that service how to evaluate IP address usage previously allocate to relevant

ISP when ISP request additional IP address space How to register assignment information into WHOIS DB

Need appropriate procedure and guidance for the new service

provided by RIR.

Thank you !

Any Question?

seungmin@nic.or.kr