Information Infrastructures Week 1 LBSC 671 Creating Information Infrastructures.
How to document campus IT infrastructures
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Transcript of How to document campus IT infrastructures
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How To Document Campus InfrastructureOffices, Hospitals, Universities, Airports, Etc.
29th November 2012
David Cuthbertson, DirectorSquare Mile Systems Ltd
www.squaremilesystems.com
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Some Background
Based in Cirencester, Glos, UK
Customers – worldwide.
Key Skill AreasDocumenting IT infrastructureConfiguration management processesMS Visio automation
Industry bodies & roles• BCS-Config Mgmt Specialist Group• BCS-ITIL Specialist Group – ex Chairman• LinkedIn – Data Center Engineering• LinkedIn – Data Center Operations Mgmt• BICSI, ITSMF, Microsoft guest speaker Fixed Infrastructure
(Cabling, Power, Cabinets, Rooms, Buildings)
Hardware Infrastructure PCs, Network, Servers, UPS, Storage, Other
Virtual InfrastructurePCs, Network, Servers, Storage, DBMS
ApplicationsPC, server, mainframe, SOA
ServicesEnd user, infrastructure, supplier
Business ProcessesDepartmental, Company
*BCS – British Computer SocietyPresentation Scope
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Infrastructure Management Maturity
Reactive Repeatable Defined Managed Optimised1 2 3 4 5
Individualapproach
Some process, often informal
Process documented
and explained
Process checked and reviewed for
gaps
Process open to external review and
updated regularly
To move to the right we typically need to;
1. Embed infrastructure knowledge in team systems2. Enable separation of roles – design, implement, operate, risk3. Plan and allocate resource against demand4. Feedback on metrics and changes – billing, compliance
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The Current State For Many
1. Lots of existing documentation of varying accuracy, formats and purpose which isn’t trusted, updated or generally known about
2. Project teams use individual MS office tools for communicating changes, whereas operations teams need multi-user systems
3. Task or projects often involve reverse-engineering, site surveys, workshops and audits of the same infrastructure
4. Location, business and system dependencies in peoples heads
5. IT teams are targeted to deliver projects faster and minimise disruption, not to maintain systems documentation
6. There is no identified budget for improving process or management techniques for the infrastructure
7. Multiple, repeated audits to get management data on infrastructure capacity and usage
8. Lack of standards – naming, data maintained, Visio shapes, etc
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Overlays of Technologies (1)
WAN Video Conferenci
ng
Voice
Wireless
External Video KVM
UnixServers
PrintersCopiers
StoragePhones
Fax
Power Cabling
LANSAN
CCTV
WintelServers
DesktopLaptops
Network
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CCTV
SAN
Overlays of Technologies (2)
WAN Video Conferenci
ng
Voice
Wireless
External Video
KVM / Control
UnixServers
PrintersCopiers
PhonesFax
Power Cabling
LAN
WintelServers
DesktopLaptops
NetworkStorage
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SAN
Overlays of Technologies (3)
WAN Video Conferenci
ng
Voice
Wireless
External Video
KVM / Control
UnixServers
PrintersCopiers
PhonesFax
Power Cabling
LAN
CCTV
WintelServers
DesktopLaptops
NetworkStorage
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Document Overload!
1. Update asset/inventory list
2. Update rack diagrams
3. Update network diagrams/patching records
4. Update switch port usage and capacity
5. Update floor plan rack capacity
6. Update power usage spread sheet(s)
7. Update storage / backup system documentation
8. Update systems architecture documentation
9. Update DR lists and documents
10. Update maintenance records
11. Update billing and charging data
12. Update project documentation with the “as built” details
After a project change, what should be updated?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 161 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PP01-03-01
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
SVR-BHAM-010301
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
UK_BIRM_UX01
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0001
tsr 4554
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0099
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN00078
www.assetgen.com
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Document Overkill!
1. Update asset/inventory list
2. Update rack diagrams
3. Update network diagrams/patching records
4. Update switch port usage and capacity
5. Update floor plan rack capacity
6. Update power usage spread sheet(s)
7. Update storage / backup system documentation
8. Update systems architecture documentation
9. Update DR lists and documents
10. Update maintenance records
11. Update billing and charging data
12. Update project documentation with the “as built” details
After a project change, what should be updated?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 161 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PP01-03-01
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
SVR-BHAM-010301
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
UK_BIRM_UX01
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0001
tsr 4554
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0099
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN00078
Who, what, where, how, when?www.assetgen.com
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Infrastructure Knowledge
Plan Build Operate Risk Dispose
Project and task Manage and Coordinate
ExamplesProject documentationEquipment listsVisio/CAD diagramsTest results
ExamplesAsset and Inventory managementBusiness / service dependenciesMonitoring of performance, statusRisk and Recovery
Ease and speed of creationEase of distributionFlexible to meet task needsLimited training
Ease of use by manyStructured for integration & reportingSupport for multiple processesWide scope – the big picture!
10
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Task Resourcing
Desktop
Server
Single Building
Campus
Campus + 3rd party
PlanRequest FinishBuild Admin
Desktop
Server
Desktop
Server
Why does it take longer?
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Change Tasks
Plan
• Surveys, meeting• Project docs• Scheduling• Ordering• Access• Change forms• Costing
Build
• Travel• Unpack• Install• Configure• Label• Test• Dispose
Admin
• Project docs• Operations docs• Billing / time
sheets• Project reports• Service reports• Payments
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Document - Start With Quick Wins
Few elementsLow rate of change
Lots of elementsHigh rate of change
Site
Rooms / locations
Computer racks, enclosures
Fixed Infrastructure
Core network devices
Hosts and servers
User infrastructure
User devices – desktops, printers, voice
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Prepare - Reduce The Workload
1. Establish policies, standards and clarify ownership Make it easy for engineers
2. Have project / operations use common terms & formats Supply templates, naming system, labels, etc.
3. Reduce the numbers of documents / files to maintain Consolidate into centralised systems and make easy to find Link or create Visio diagrams, reports, excel from databases
4. Update operational systems as part of planning processes
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Prepare – Define the Scope and Priority
• Technical space(s) rooms, racks, ERs, TRs, user areas• Inventory – bigger than “assets”• Backbone and horizontal cabling, power, voice, etc.• Pathways, cable routes, capacity• Attributes / data on inventory elements• Relationships – location, chassis, links, end to end• Diagrams – Formats, symbols and shapes • Change processes and maintenance
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Prepare – Define Standards/Formats
• Assess existing conventions and formats to minimise variations
• Align with appropriate external standards / guidelines– Data centers TIA942, ANSI/BICSI-002– Cabling administration TIA606-B, EN50174-1, ISO14763-2– Manufacturers Cisco, HP, IBM, installers
Examples Rack U position starts from bottom TIA942Rack tile - identifier front right corner AH06Rack name - tile or row/number AH06 or B06
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Prepare - TIA606-B Administration
• Classes of administration– Class 1 single ER (equipment room}– Class 2 single ER with multiple TR (telecom rooms)– Class 3 campus Multiple ERs, TR– Class 4 multi-site, multiple campus
• Identifier formats for interchange of information• Labeling formats
– Example cable label within 300mm (12in) from end of cable– All letters uppercase, machine created without serifs
• Definitions of terms• Patch panel identifier
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Prepare - Example Identifiers
• Space - LON-F1-1A London - Floor 1- Room 1A
• Cabinet identifier – XY Coord - 1A.AH06 (front right corner tile reference)– Row/rack -1A.A6 Row A, Rack 06– Rack number R07
• Always preface with an alpha and add leading zero (excel sorting issue). A01 – good A1 - bad
• Label rack top/bottom/ front/rear– Full (LON-F1-1A-A06) , short (1A-A06), simple (A06)
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• Patch panel naming – choose one system!– 1A-AH06-A (a panel)– 1A-AH06-30 (u position)– 1A-AH06-F30 (front u position or nsew, abcd)
• Ports– 1A-AH06-A-001 (put in leading edge 00s)– 1A-AH06-F30:015 or 1A-AH06-F30:010-020
• Backbone panels– 1A-AH06-30:001-010 / 2C-AH06-30:001-010– 2C-AH06-30:001-010 / 1A-AH06-30:001-010
• Outlets– EO / TO / CP /SP
Prepare - Patch Panels
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Prepare - Patch Cable Labeling
1. No label2. Local port 233. Local port to port SW1:23 to PPA06:12 4. Remote port to port SW1:23 to ServerB:Eth05. Path/work order ref WO334326. Unique cable label C000232 A201201/322
All have their benefits though we recommend 6.easy to create/print doesn’t change with device nameeasy to read good reference for work instructions
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Prepare – Exception Handling
What about active equipment?Use logical name as reference, or equipment type and location id
SW-BHAM-01 or Cisco 3750 LON-F1-A1-AH06-U23
What about passive hardware?Cable management, blanking plates, trays – use location ID
CM LON-F1-A1-AH06-U2
What about cards, plug in modules, blade systems, etcParent device and then slot/card number
SW-BHAM-01.Slot05
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Preparation Summary
• For physical infrastructure develop a convention like TIA606B and ISO14763-2 recommends.
• Have a short name for convenience, as the unique administration identifier may be unwieldy.
• For active components it is often best to use the logical name – makes it easier to understand– easy to import data from other sources– other identifiers such as asset tag numbers will result
in a lot of work cross referencing if not careful.
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Capture - Audit Process
• Scope, depth, schedule of visits• Develop data capture toolsPlanning
• Check the process works on a trial building• Refine data capture tools and processPrototype
• Data capture using workbooks / teams• Upload as soon as possible in case of data or process errosBulk Capture
• Check for gaps and inaccuracies across teams and cultures• Combine with other data sourceReconciliation
• Project and site reports• Produce diagrams, sharepoint portalsPresentation
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Capture - Inventory
• Defined scope – infrastructure, desktops, printers• Naming – use existing naming or new?• Labelling/tagging – required – if so how do you create?• Categorising equipment• Exception handling
– Equipment on top of rack?– Still in boxes– Surplus bits – disks, panels, cables– No name, partial name, wrong name, multiple names
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• Defined scope – network, voice, power, video?• Must have completed fixed infrastructure and inventory!• Labelling/tagging – required? How do you create?• Exception handling
– Can’t find ends– Damaged– One end connected – the other not!– Multi-cable joins– And so on
Capture - Connectivity
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• It is likely that the quality of data capture will vary– Expertise increases with each audit– Rescheduling and coping with local site/user/team issues– Local decision making and exception handling– Descriptions will be based on what is seen– Comparing inputs before upload often highlights differences
• Other data sources may overcome missing audit data as well as add in additional device data.– Choose what is best for ongoing use, not stick with
previous format
Capture - Reconciliation
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Presentation - Desired Outputs?
1. Asset/inventory list
2. Rack diagrams
3. Network diagrams/patching records
4. Switch port usage and capacity
5. Floor plan rack capacity
6. Power usage spreadsheet(s)
7. Storage / backup system documentation
8. Systems architecture documentation
9. DR lists and documents
10. Maintenance records
11. Billing and charging data
12. Project documentation with the “as built” details
Are we just recreating the same problem we started with?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 161 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 249 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PP01-03-01
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
UID
HPProLiant
DL380 G5
COMPACT
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
POWER
SUPPLY SUPPLY
POWER
SPAREONLINE
MIRROR
CAGE
RISER
PCI
PROC PROC
LOCKINTER
TEMPOVER
FANS
PPM PPM
DIMMS
SVR-BHAM-010301
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
440
I
CRITICAL
MAJOR
MINOR
USER
COMPACT
microsystems
UK_BIRM_UX01
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0001
tsr 4554
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN0099
PROLIANTPROLIANT
SERVERWIN00078
www.assetgen.com
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Support Different Needs
© AssetGen Limited29
Claims Processing
Payment Module
ACCOUNTS
Accounts Module
SVRWIN001
Accounts Payable
Accounts Receivable
PAYROLL
Sage Payroll
Payroll
SW-BHAM-CORE1
SW-BHAM-CORE2
SW-BHAM-01 SW-BHAM-03 SW-BHAM-05 SW-BHAM-02SW-BHAM-04SW-BHAM-06
UK_BIRM_UX01 UK_BIRM_UX02 UK_BIRM_UX09 UK_BIRM_UX04UK_BIRM_UX05 UK_BIRM_UX03 UK_BIRM_UX06 UK_BIRM_UX07 UK_BIRM_UX08 UK_BIRM_UX10
99999
99999
UK_BIRMCC_PDU1
UK_BIRMCC_PDU2
PWR01-03-A
PWR01-04-A
PWR01-05-A
PWR01-06-A
PWR01-07-A
PWR01-03-B
PWR01-04-B
PWR01-05-B
PWR01-06-B
PWR01-07-B
UK_BIRM_UX01 UK_BIRM_UX02 UK_BIRM_UX09 UK_BIRM_UX10 UK_BIRM_UX03 UK_BIRM_UX04
UK_BIRM_UX05
UK_BIRM_UX06
UK_BIRM_UX07
UK_BIRM_UX08
PP01-02-01
RTR-BHAM-01
PWR01-02-A
PWR01-02-B
NTU-BHAM-01
NTU-TEST03
Floor Plan
Rack Position
Application/Service impact
Power Supply
Network Connections
BLADE_BIRM01
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-01
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-02
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-03
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-04
BLA
DE
-BIR
M0
1.BL
AD
E-S
W1
BLA
DE
-BIR
M0
1.BL
AD
E-S
W2
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-05
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-09
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-10
UK
_BIR
M01
_BLA
DE
-12
H/W Build
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Reduce The Workload!
Excel Visio
Floor box list Floor plan
Cabinet list Equipment room floor plan
Patch panel list Backbone cabling diagram
Inventory Network diagram
Inventory Rack diagram
Inventory Server connectivity diagram
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Capture – Our Data Capture Approach
1. Document / survey buildings and spaces and put into an infrastructure database.
2. Capture racks and enclosures using paper and then into a spreadsheet format. Enables production of Visio floor plans and supports audit packs
3. Capture inventory into an upload spreadsheet.Creates rack diagrams, floor box layouts, architecture maps
4. Capture connectivity into an upload spreadsheet.Create network, path and other topology diagrams
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Capture – Difference In Approach
• Data capture focusses on delivering 3 files
• Visualisation is either created automatically, or by combining data with existing backdrops - floor plans
• No need to check across multiple documents for consistency and format
A faster, less complex and less costly audit, which doesn’t require high skill levels within the audit team
And delivers an operational system that can be maintained easily!
Excel Excel Excel
Rack Device Cable
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Maintain - Infrastructure Knowledge
Project and task Manage and Coordinate
Ease and speed of creationEase of distributionFlexible to meet task needsLimited training
Ease of use by manyStructured for integration & reportingSupport for multiple processesWide scope – the big picture!
33
Record planning decisions in the operational systemProduce project docs for/from the operational system
Plan Build Operate Risk Dispose
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Maintain – Keeping Data Up to Date
• Project teams can assess current state and capacity without the need to survey for every request.
• Design teams can allocate and manage existing infrastructure resource capacity.
• Projects go faster, less change conflicts, reduced cost of meeting infrastructure change requests.
• Operations teams do not have to maintain detailed data, they feed off project updates.– Overnight updates of inventory / diagrams– Ad hoc query / checking to help resolve service problems
• Management and capacity data is always available– Space, connectivity, power, changes, audit trails
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Summary
• Campus infrastructure is physically dispersed, supports multiple services and scale / complexity limits MS office tools suitability.
• Reducing multiple spreadsheets into a database helps, even more so when that same system creates a variety of Visio outputs automatically.
• A systems approach to documentation directly reduces change costs and project delivery times – with the starting point being a baseline!
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Additional Material
www.squaremilesystems.comTraining/workshops Technical / management aspects of data centersWebinars Visio automation, documenting cabling, etc.Videos Free SMS Visio utilities
www.assetgen.com Evaluation software Free “DCIM” evaluation versionWebinars Data center practices, Visio integrationVideos Visio automation, change impact analysis