How to Build Solar Farm

8/13/2019 How to Build Solar Farm

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Solar Solutions and

Large PV Power Plants

Oscar Araujo

Business Development Director -Americas


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Schneider Electric 2- Renewable Energy Oscar Araujo

Solar Business of Schneider Electric

The Solar Business of Schneider Electric is focused on designing anddeveloping renewable energy products and solutions and providing

best-in-class, global customer services and technical support.

Our innovative products help you to get the most efficient solar harvest

from your installation, and you benefit from having a single supplier for

all of your components. Our products and solutions are present at everylink in the energy chain and contribute to your total energy savings.


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Brief history

Antoine Becquerel first described the photovoltaic effect in

1839, and Albert Einstein explained the mechanisms in

1912

When a material is exposed to sunlight, exposed atoms

release electrons The free Electrons create a continuous low voltage

In the 1950s teams of Bell Laboratories manufactured the

first crystalline silicon cell

First commercial applications with space programs

A real interest born from the second oil shock (early 1980)

for terrestrial energetic applications

In 1963 the first cells are installed in Japan

Today, photovoltaic cells are present in various applications


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Solar Farms(few megawatt)

General public

applications(few watts)

Installation in the

residential

(1 to 5 kW)

Some examples of applications

Installations in

buildings(few 100 kW)


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A cell

Current generation

A photovoltaic cell is made from a

slice of silicon70 mm

The electrons will recombine withholes through the external circuit to

balance the junction :

A direct electrical current

is generated

The silicon is doped with impurities.

This creates an area with excess

electrons (N zone) and a deficit ofelectrons or holes (P zone)

The energy of photons from the sun

will release electrons

-Pdopedzone

Ndopedzone

300 m

+ ++

--+-

+

-

Photons

+-

A slice of silicon


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The main manufacturing technologies

Mono crystalline silicon cells ( M-Si )

Higher efficiency Quite high manufacturing costs

Poly crystalline silicon cells ( P-Si )

Widely used

Cheaper than mono crystalline

Thin film or amorphous silicon cells ( a-Si ) Lower efficiency but better than crystalline on diffuse radiation

Cheaper than polycrystalline

Suitable to large building projects , roof or cladding systems

Flexible and lightweight


7/30Schneider Electric 7- Renewable Energy Oscar Araujo

Energy production A pho tovol ta ic generator pro duces

DC

Junction box

Inverter

Protection enclosure

Raccordement

au rseau

Photovoltac

generator

Energy conversion

An inverter converts direct currentinto alternating current .

The connection and protection of

continuous and alternative circuits

Junction boxes DC and AC protection enclosures

=

Structure of a photovoltaic system



Off Grid and

Solar Back-up

Power Systems



Residential Grid-Tie Systems



Small Commercial Grid-Tie Systems


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Utility Scale

Grid-Tie Systems


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Schneider position and offer: leader in

offering the lowest LCOE possible

production

O&M costs investment

Financingcosts

taxes

Increase

O&M efficiency

Offer high level of

Equipment reliability

Decrease

Construction price

Life time

High level of Bankability

By Reduction of risks

Reduction of

Construction time

Decrease

O&M costs


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90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

115%

120%

125%

130%

135%

140%

145%

150%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Price (100% for 24 MW)

MW

The Bigger The Better

Below 10 MW, CAPEX is strongly increased

CAPEX as a function of size

As an example, cost of electricity is increased by 15% if the power plantsize is 5 MW instead of 50 MW


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How is a Solar Farm Built ?


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Civil work :

Land leveled if needed,

Screws or piles are positioned to

support structures


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Structures :

Aluminum or steel construction

Pre-assembled or easy to put

together on-site


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Modules :

Crystalline or thin-film


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Array boxes :

Connect strings

Cables are usually trenched


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PVBox for Powerconversion

Includes

InvertersTransformers

MV protection

Cooling equipment

Typical Size: 1MW


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Large power plants are made of 1MW

(or larger) blocks


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Grid-Tie SubstationIncludes

transformers

Circuit breakersenergy meters


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Large power plants are just


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Large power plants are just

" Copy-and-Paste " of smaller blocks

Olmedilla, Spain,

60 MW

1MW (or larger blocks) 20 000m


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Schneider Electric offers a

comprehensive solution

7 % - Engineering &

Commissioning

15 % - Cables &

Electrical installation

27 % - Schneider Electric

equipment

36 % - Screws, structures

& panel mounting

15 % - Civil works

50 % - Civil work

Structures

Electrical Equipment

50 % - Panels


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SE Business Models

Products/Equipment

Inverters

Transformers

Switchgears

Solution Package:

PV Box

Grid Box

Array BoxMonitoring/SCADA

Electrical EPC

Adequate packages +

Project Management

Electrical Engineering

Electrical Installation

Security system

Operations and Maintenance Services

Commitment on availability level

1

2

3


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S h id El i R bl E O A j

How to Build Solar Farm

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