How the Mind Works
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Transcript of How the Mind Works
![Page 1: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How the Mind Works
Decision
![Page 2: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A professor likes to write poetry,
is rather shy, and is small in
stature. Which of the following
is his field:
1) Chinese studies
2) Psychology
![Page 3: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the most likely sequence for the next six new babies born in the U.S.? (B = boy, G = girl)
1) BBBBBB
2) GGGBBB
3) GBBGGB
![Page 4: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
motor vehicle accidentsor
Stroke
![Page 5: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
homicideor
diabetes
![Page 6: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Heuristics
andBias
![Page 7: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Heuristics are simple rules.
Although their automatic useoften results in easy and quickdecisions, they are also responsiblefor much bias.
![Page 8: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Representative
Heuristic
![Page 9: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Representative heuristic:
Judgments are biased by our assessment of the degree to which the salient features of specific instances resemble general categories.
![Page 10: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is the most likely sequence for the next six new babies born in the U.S.? (B = boy, G = girl)
1) BBBBBB
2) GGGBBB
3) GBBGGB
![Page 11: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What is the most likely sequence for the next six new babies born in the U.S.? (B = boy, G = girl)
1) BBBBBB or all equalBBBBBB or all equal
2) GGGBBB
3) GBBGGB
![Page 12: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A professor likes to write poetry,
is rather shy, and is small in
stature. Which of the following
is his field:
1) Chinese studies
2) Psychology
![Page 13: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A professor likes to write poetry,
is rather shy, and is small in
stature. Which of the following
is his field:
1) Chinese studies
2) PsychologyPsychology
![Page 14: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Availability
Heuristic
![Page 15: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Availability heuristic:
Judgments are biased by how easily specific examples are recalled.
Easier = more frequent or more causally related.
What is in our short-term memories affects our decisions.
![Page 16: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
motor vehicle accidentsor
Stroke
![Page 17: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
motor vehicle accidentsor
StrokeStroke
![Page 18: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
homicideor
diabetes
![Page 19: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Which of the following domore people die of:
homicideor
diabetesdiabetes
![Page 20: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Are there more words that beginwith the letter "r"
orthat have
"r" as the third letter?
![Page 21: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
There more words that have"r" as the third letter.
wordfirst
partialcare
streetderail
![Page 22: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
V
Carnivor Vegitarian0
10
20
30
Bars indicate standard errors.
Type of Person
% B
elie
ved
to
be
Veg
itar
ian
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SchematicProcessin
g
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Schemas:
Conscious or unconscious assumptions, beliefs, & theories. Our associative networks & preconceptions (innate & learned).
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Which schemata are activatedinfluence our perceptions,our memories, our decisions,and our experience.Schemata guide constructiveand reconstructive processes.
![Page 26: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
For different individuals some schemata are more easily activated than others. Higher activation means greater availability. We tend to view our own and other’s personalities through the lenses of our beliefs and assumptions (i.e., our schemata).
Independenceloyaltyfriendliness
![Page 27: How the Mind Works](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012313/56812c55550346895d90df77/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
One schema that has been investigated is:
The belief in a just world
People with this schema tend to blame the victim in a situation.
The Just World Phenomenon