TEXAS REVOLUTION

How Texas became a Republic

BATTLE OF GONZALES

The Battle of Gonzales was the first military engagement of the Texas Revolution

Colonel Ugartechea, demanded that the Texans give up their small Brass Cannon

The Texans refused and Challenged the Mexicans to “ Come and take it”.

When the Mexicans tried, the Texans opened fire on them.

Battle of The Alamo

In December of 1835, Texans had defeated Cos and his army and thought that their fight was overWhile Cos retreated, Santa Anna began his

march into Texas.The Texans thought he would wait until

spring to attack so they were unorganized The realized that Santa Anna was on the

move, so they fortified the Alamo, a former mission.

James (Jim) Bowie

Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.

Also known for the knife that he carried.

Davey Crockett

Crockett grew up in East Tennessee, where he gained a reputation for hunting and storytelling.He represented Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives, served in the Texas Revolution, and died at the Battle of the Alamo.

William Barret Travis

Colonel William Travis was in charge of the Texans during the Alamo.

19th-century American lawyer and soldier.

At the age of 26, he was a lieutenant colonel in the Texas Army.

He died at the Battle of the Alamo during the Texas Revolution.

Santa Anna

Antonio López de Santa Anna Pérez de Lebrón, soldier and five-time president of Mexico

Leader of the Mexican Army during the Alamo

Battle of the Alamo

Battle of the Alamo/ Slide I In January of 1836, the Texans needed

to recruit more men. James Bowie and his band of rebels joined

the fightWilliam B. Travis tried to recruit 100 men,

but could only get 29David Crocket brought about 12 men to join

the fightWilliam B. Travis was left in charge

Battle of the Alamo/ Slide II Travis tried to recruit more soldiers to

help On February 23, 1836 Santa Anna has

arrived in San Antonio.Travis was desperate for help Read letter on pg. 217

For 13 days Mexican troops fired cannons at the Alamo walls

Guided Questions

Who was leading the Mexican troops at the Alamo?

What was the year of the Battle of the Alamo?

Who commanded the Texans?

Battle of the Alamo / Slide III Early March 6th the Battle began.

Texans fired cannons and took out many Mexican soldiers, but their numbers allowed them to advance

The Mexicans made it through the walls and by 8 a.m. the fighting stopped.

Many think that all 189 Texan fighters died and 600 of the 1800 Mexican troops died.

Santa Anna took no prisoners and left few survivors.

Battle of the Alamo

Fighting at Refugio

James W. Fannin was commander and chief of the U.S. Army.

A group of soldiers were sent from Goliad to Refugio by James Fannin to escort civilians to safety.

This occurred while the Alamo battle was occurring.

Jose Urrea discovered the troops and killed or captured all of the Texas soldiers

Battle of Coleto

Fannin waited too long to join Sam Houston and he was surrounded by Urrea near Coleto CreekThe Texan army fought well and were able

to resist the Mexican army for a long time.The next day on March 20th, 1836, The

Mexican troops gained reinforcements and defeated the Texans.

Goliad

The captured soldiers from Coleto were taken back to Goliad by the Mexican Army.They were held captive for about 1 week

until Santa Anna gave orders for them to be shot.

The prisoners were marched out thinking they would be released.

The Mexican soldiers opened fire on approximately 400 Texan troops.

Questions

Urrea was commander in which army?

Prisoners were taken where to be executed?

Sam Houston

General Sam Houston knew his troops were not ready to face Santa Anna.He stayed in Gonzales and waited for more

troops.He heard the result of both the Alamo and

Goliad. His troops wanted to fight nowHe kept retreating to gain time to get his

men ready to fight.

Sam Houston

The Runaway Scrape

After news of Santa Anna’s attacks on San Antonio and Goliad many settlers feared that he would come for them as well. Many settlers gathered their things and ran

east to wait out the war.It was known as the Runaway Scrape.

The Battle of San Jacinto

Sam Houston gained troops and his army met up with Santa Anna on April 21.The Texan army started the fight around 3 o’

clock because they knew the Mexican army was resting.

The battle lasted 18 minutes but 630 Mexicans were killed and 730 captured.

The Texans captured Santa Anna and he surrendered.

The Government

During all of the battles, the 2nd consultation was underway. They tried to let some of the events make

decisions for them. After Santa Anna’s attack on San Antonio

they knew what they would decide

Washington on the Brazos In 1836 the meeting began in March.

The meetings took place in near freezing temperatures in a building with one open side.

Within 2 weeks the meetings were finished and Texas had written a Declaration of Independence and a Constitution.

Declaration of Independence The declaration was written by George

Childress who was once a newspaper editor in Tennessee.After being put in charge of writing the

declaration he had a draft ready the next day.

It had 3 parts○ Right to revolution○ Complaints against the Mexican Government○ Proclamation of Independence

Government

March 2, 1836 the Declaration was signed and March 2nd is known as Texas Independence Day.Both the declaration and Constitution were

modeled after the U.S.Also, coming from both Mexico and the

U.S., the citizens created Texas as a republic.

Treaty of Velasco

The treaty between Mexico and Texas required Mexico to retreat and never fight against Texas again.They also exchanged prisoners from both

sides. The Texans voted on whether or not to

seek Annexation immediately. Most Texans wanted to be Annexed by the U.S.

Questions

When was Texas Independence Day?

The treaty between Texas and Mexico is called what?