How many different ways can you combine these sentences:

I loved the book.I hated the movie.

GET STARTED! COMPLETE THIS TASK IN YOUR NOTEBOOK

1. I loved the book. I hated the movie.2. I loved the book; but, I hated the movie.3. I loved the book; I hated the movie.4. I loved the book; however, I hated the movie.5. I loved the book: I hated the movie.

POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS

Three basic sentence types:

1. Simple

2. Compound

3. Complex

TYPES OF SENTENCES

Simple Sentence

“Steven has tuition every day after school.”

Why?• Has a complete thought. • Has a subject and a verb.• Also called an independent clause.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW FOR THIS LESSON

Compound Sentence

“Steven has tuition every day after school, but he hates it.”

Why?• contains two independent clauses joined by a

coordinator: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)

• Use a comma before the coordinator “_______, but _________.”

Where else might you see a coordinating conjunction?

When connecting two items where one is NOT a main clause.

• “My dog loves to eat small shoes but not small children.

• “My dog loves to eat small shoes and squeaky toys.

When connecting three or more items in a series.

• My dog likes shoes, squeaky toys and small children

At the beginning of a sentence

• “But he never went back to that part of the world again.

NO COMMA AFTER CONJUNCTION

1. Highlight every coordinating conjunction in your writing.

2. Check to see if the comma is in the correct place.

Complex Sentences

“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”

Why?• has an independent clause joined by one or

more dependent clauses. • always has a subordinator such as because,

since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.

• Requires a comma after the dependent clause if a subordinator is used at the beginning of the sentence.

Complex Sentences

Key to identifying the type of complex sentences is the subordinator and it’s placement in the sentence. This is called a subordinating conjunction.

afteralthoughasbecausebeforeeven ifeven thoughif

sinceso thatthanthatthoughunlessuntil

whenwheneverwherewhereaswhereverwhetherwhilewhy

Complex Sentences

Subordinating conjunctions have two jobs:

1. provide a necessary transition between the two ideas in the sentence. This transition will indicate a time, place, or cause and effect relationship.

2. reduce the importance of one clause so that a reader understands which of the two ideas is

more important. The more important idea belongs in the main clause, the less

important in the clause introduced by the subordinate conjunction.

3 types of Complex Sentences:

1. Subordinator + Dependent Clause + Comma + Independent Clause

2. Independent Clause + Subordinator + Dependent Clause

3. Independent Clause + Subordinator +Essential Clause

Independent Clause + Comma + Subordinator + Nonessential Clause

3 types of Complex Sentences:

1. Subordinator + Dependent Clause + Comma + Independent Clause

“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”

3 types of Complex Sentences:

2. Independent Clause + Subordinator +

Dependent Clause

“Steven hasn’t learned a thing although he has tuition every day after school.”

3 types of Complex Sentences:

3. Independent Clause + Subordinator + Essential Clause

Independent Clause + Comma + Subordinator + Nonessential Clause

“Malone paid the delivery man whose rusty motorbike choked and coughed in the driveway.”

“Malone paid Jung Bin, whose rusty motorbike choked and coughed in the driveway.”

1. Highlight all of the subordinating conjunctions in your writing.

2. Check your comma placement.

“Although he has tuition every day after school, Steven hasn’t learned a thing.”

“Steven hasn’t learned a thing although he has tuition every day after school.”

“Steven has tuition every day after school, where he studies maths.”

afteralthoughasbecausebeforeeven ifeven thoughif

sinceso thatthanthatthoughunlessuntil

whenwheneverwherewhereaswhereverwhetherwhilewhy

Okay Smarty Pants. Think you got it? Write one compound and one complex sentence using the simple sentence below.

Simple SentenceMy friend invited me to a party. I do not want to go.

Compound SentenceYou write it

Complex SentenceYou write it

ForAndNorButOrYetSo

althoughafterbecauseifonce sincewhenwhilewhereasunless

Wanna learn more? Go to

Chompchomp.com

Punctuation: Purpose, Hierarchy, Effect

We use punctuation to…

1. make a sentence structurally correct

2. to change the rhythm of a sentence

3. change the meaning of a sentence

We often revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.

Often we revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.

Often, we revise a sentence in order to change the way a reader will read it.

More…

You have your own style of writing, just as you have your own style of walking and whistling and wearing your hair.

You have your own style of writing, just as you have your own style of walking, whistling and wearing your hair.

My sister Mary is coming for a visit.My sister, Mary, is coming for a visit.

Let’s eat grandma. Let’s eat, grandma.

My teacher Mr. Schaaf is awesome.My teacher, Mr. Schaaf, is awesome.

The man sitting by the window is talking to himself.The man, sitting by the window, is talking to himself.

Punctuation Hierarchy

• Period, question mark, exclamation point• Colon, dash, parentheses• Semicolon• Comma

Three committees—marketing, finance, and fundraising—were set up to plan the conference.

Three committees, marketing, finance, and fundraising, were set up to plan the conference.

During the second two-year stretch of a president’s term in office, he may find himself on the defensive, even with his own party, and, when, as frequently happens, his party loses a number of Senate and House seats in the midterm election, that second stretch can become even more defensive.

During the second two-year stretch of a president’s term in office, he may find himself on the defensive, even with his own party; when—as frequently happens—his party loses a number of Senate and House seats in the midterm election, that second stretch can become even more defensive.

Punctuation: Effects

We use punctuation to achieve an effect…to affect the reader much the same was a filmmaker does with camera angles, sound, and special effects.

Each of these sentences achieves a different effect on the reader.

1. I loved the book. I hated the movie.2. I loved the book; but, I hated the movie.3. I loved the book; I hated the movie.4. I loved the book; however, I hated the movie.5. I loved the book: I hated the movie.

One of Robert Frost’s most famous poems is “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.” In some printed versions the last stanza begins like this:

The woods are lovely, dark, and deepBut I have promises to keep

In others, the punctuation of the first line follows the poet’s original:

The woods are lovely, dark and deepBut I have promises to keep

DO YOU THINK THE TWO VERSIONS MEAN THE SAME THING?