How Green Is Your Data Center

How green is your Data Center?

1

David Gillespie, AIA, CSI, LEED APDirector: Communications & TechnologyCRS Engineering & Design Consultants


2

David Gillespie, AIA, CSI, LEED APDirector: Communications & TechnologyCRS Engineering & Design Consultants

Green as is environmental consciousGreen as in money (saved or spent)Green as in solar poweredGreen as in reduced carbon footprintGreen as is those little green lightsGreen as in ???

Answer: YES

Commercial Building Resource Impact

©2009 C.R.S Engineering & Design Consultants 3

•Energy experts estimate that data centers gobble up somewhere between1.5 percent and 3 percent of all electricity generated in the United States.

•According to the Uptime Institute, more than 60 percent of the power used to cool equipment in the data center is completely wasted.

Perception is NOT Reality


Data Center “Deficiencies”

1. Insufficient power 29%

2. Excessive heat 29%

3. Insufficient raised floor area 21%

4. Other factors* 13%

5. Poor location 6%

6. Excessive facility cost 3%

©2009 C.R.S Engineering & Design Consultants 5© 2005 Gartner

* Other factors (read: Human Error) includes absent or ineffective management policies and practices.

opportunities

Where’s the Problem?Competing priorities

IT Department

• Computing Services

• Applications and Servers

• Data Storage/ Retrieval

• Services Management

• Disaster Avoidance/ Recovery

• Business Continuity

• Commissioning and Testing

Facilities Management

• Life Safety/ Fire Protection

• Security

• Building systems: M/E/P

• Infrastructure support

• Control and Monitoring

• O&M

• Disaster Avoidance/ Recovery


Mind the Gap

Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI)


Fire & Safety

NCPI

The Numbers*

• 90% of US data centers will experience a service interruption that will affect business operations in the next 5 years.

• 80% of data centers surveyed have experienced a service interruption in the last 5 years and of those 82% were power related.

• 77% of US data center managers believe they will have major physical improvement or be forced to relocate their data center in the next 10 years.

• 53% of US data centers are planning for an expansion in the next 5 years.

• 42% believe business growth will be the largest factor in data center changes over the next 10 years, followed by facility age and regulatory compliance

• Survey says: 2 largest DC problems: Power, Heat.


* © 2006 Data Center Institute Keynote Address

We have a problem…• Original data center layout sketch from client


• Space is overheating

• Both CRAC units are in operation 24/7. (2 units 10 Tons each)

• Power panels have capacity

• UPS is only loaded to 38.5%

• FYI: Two new blade servers racks ship in three days.

CRAC units10 Tons each

Where can we start?Techniques for data collection

• Template calculators (IT electrical, cooling, service, power factors, generators, UPS, growth, etc.)

• Summarize nameplate data: inventory all IT equipment and assign power factors.

• Field measurement: collect temperature, power consumption and air flow in the field. (timing is critical)

• Consumption records. (UPS data)

• Trend analysis of computing schedules.• Interview stakeholders.

• RESULT: total power (in watts) consumed by DCPower consumed = Heat generated = Cooling required


Network Inventory


That’s a nice spreadsheet but what does all this mean?

HELP…

To help determine what has caused the current problems and to help avoid future issues the IT department forwards the latest equipment inventory for the data center. This is a typical IT management document.

Equipment InventoryExample: Single Rack

B-LINE Systems: Access 47 U 19 EIA 23 wide

RU 05

RU 10

RU 15

RU 20

RU 25

RU 30

RU 35

RU 40

RU 45

PowerEdge4600 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #1

PowerVault

745N

1 2

1 2 3 4

Dell: 745N #1

Dell: RPS-600 #1Dell: RPS-600 #2

PowerEdge3250

R

P R O C S S OE R4

Dell: 3250 #1PowerEdge

3250R

P R O C S S OE R4

Dell: 3250 #2PowerEdge

3250R

P R O C S S OE R4

Dell: 3250 #3

1 3 5 7

2 4 6 8

POWER

87654321

161514131211109

PowerConnect2216

9 11 13 15

10 12 14 16

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

Dell: 2216 #11 3 5 7

2 4 6 8

POWER

87654321

161514131211109

PowerConnect2216

9 11 13 15

10 12 14 16

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

Dell: 2216 #2


PowerEdge3250

R

P R O C S S OE R4

Dell: 3250 #4ESC

ENTER

PowerVault124T

ESC

ENTER

PowerVault124T

ESC

ENTER

PowerVault124T

Dell: 310-4227 #1



ESC

ENTER

PowerVault124T

1 3 5 7

2 4 6 8

POWER

87654321

161514131211109

PowerConnect2216

9 11 13 15

10 12 14 16

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

SPD/LNK/ACT

FDX/HDX

Dell: 2216 #3

Dell: RPS-600 #3

B-LINE Systems: Access 47 U 19 EIA 23 wide

RU 05

RU 10

RU 15

RU 20

RU 25

RU 30

RU 35

RU 40

RU 45

1

1234567

2 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #1

Dell: 745N #1

RPS4 RPS2 RPS1 Dell: RPS-600 #1RPS4 RPS2 RPS1 Dell: RPS-600 #2

Dell: 3250 #1Dell: 3250 #2Dell: 3250 #3

Dell: 2216 #1Dell: 2216 #2

1

1234567

2 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #2

Dell: 3250 #4

Dell: 124T #1

Dell: 124T #2

Dell: 124T #3Dell: 310-4227 #1

1

1234567

2 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #3

1

1234567

2 Dell: 4600 (Rack) #4

Dell: 124T #4

Dell: 2216 #3

RPS4 RPS2 RPS1 Dell: RPS-600 #3


Rack Front Rack Rear

43.0 Amps

12040.0 BTU/HR

700 Lbs.

Example: Generic Data Center

• Existing layout


Modeling: Existing Conditions

• Thermal model initial results: Immanent Failure


(2) 10 ton CRAC units – 20 Tons

Air flow

Modeling: Hot/ Cold Aisle

• Solution: Add more cooling, change equipment orientation

• Result: Improved environment, not ideal


COLD AISLE

HOT AISLE

COLD AISLE

(3) 10 ton CRAC units – 30 Tons

Solutions

• Alternate layout and equipment adjustments


(4) 7.5 ton CRAC units – 30 tons

CO

LD A

ISLE

CO

LD A

ISLE

CO

LD A

ISLE

CO

LD A

ISLE

Getting it Done• Critical Issues: Power, Heat, Space

• Solutions: Infrastructure Matching• Assessment - power, cooling, sequencing

• Forecast – growth (and Gotcha’s)

• Budget – short term, long term

• Schedule – near view, far view

• Deploy – modular and balanced

• Reality: Budget and schedule are fixed (too small, but fixed)

• Small steps, big finish

So?


The big “Ta-Da”• Alternatives : nothing is free but these trade offs can work

• Consolidate, no more single app boxes!• Right sizing – everything from power supplies to rack enclosures• Deploy power management • Optimize air flow - hot aisle, cold aisle• Know your thresholds – temperature and power• Use energy-efficient servers (some use 40% less power)

• Use high-efficiency power supplies (see right sizing above)

• Bridge the IT/ Facilities gap.• Do your homework – follow standards and benchmark performance

• Get the people out!• Push Harder – advocate for change from all sources, suppliers,

manufacturers, providers, etc. If you don’t ask…

©2007 C.R.S Engineering, Inc. 18

The Answer?


Planning

SystemRedundancy

Awareness

Right Sizing

Management

Modular Design

All of the above

Radical Common SenseYou already know this

• Model space for temperature, air flow, power distribution and capacity.

• Identify single points of failure, infrastructure capacity issues or service interruption threats.

• Utility assessment models: current, immanent, future

• Adjust equipment orientation. (hot aisle cold aisle)

• Segregate power and data cabling.

• Introduce redundancy.

• Establish modular equipment standards. (and follow them)

• Construct and maintain a disaster avoidance/ recovery plan.

• Review deployment strategies.

• Clean up! Eliminate all non IT equipment, and people.

• Look, Plan, Build, then Deploy (in that order)



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David Gillespie, AIA, CSI, LEED APDirector: Communications & TechnologyCRS Engineering & Design [email protected]

How Green Is Your Data Center

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