THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

How did it change the world?

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great

Britain?

The Agricultural Revolution

Enclosures: Rich landowners take over land of peasant farmers.

LARGE farms replace small farms.

Small farm-owners must move to city to find work.

SEED DRILL IS INVENTED

Invention of the Seed Drill: More seeds grow into useful crops.

Crop Rotation: Plant wheat in a field one year and plant corn in the field the next year. Restores nutrients to the soil. Improves crops.

RESULTS OF AG. REV.Increase in food supply.

People live longer.

Population increases.

People need more goods and supplies.

More jobs are needed to produce goods quickly

Great Britain has many natural resources.

Iron for buildings and new machines Coal to power machines and steam

engines Rivers for transportation of goods Seas for trade with other countries Man-made canals to ship goods

Britain has a good economy. Great Britain is a leading trade nation.

The British have more money to invest in the creation of factories.

They have money to fund new inventions.

Negative Impact of the Industrial

Revolution

Urbanization: People move from farms to cities

Manchester, England: population rose from 45,000 in 1760 to 300,000 in 1850.

Cities are unprepared and have noa. Housingb. Sanitation codesc. Building codesd. Educatione. Police force

Working Conditions 1. Factory owners want to keep the factory open as

long as possible to meet the high demand for their goods.

2. The average person worked 14 hours a day, 6 days a week.

3. No regulations existed for the workplace.

Problems on the Job!

Poorly lit work areas Unsanitary work environment Injuries caused by machines Children began working 14 hours a

day, too!!!

POSITIVE IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTION

Transportation ImprovesThe Steam Engine allows for faster, more efficient transportation.

The Steamboat used the steam engine to transport people and goods.

Steam-driven trains transport people and goods.

New Inventions Marconi invents the Morse Code radio.

Ford makes the car affordable by using the assembly line.

Pasteur discovers pasteurization: using heat to kill bacteria.

More Inventions. . . . Lister discovers that germs cause

infection and creates sterilization.

Freud begins the study of psychology.

LONG-TERM EFFECTS

“Luxury items” become affordable to all people.

Living and working conditions improve.

New Laws The Factory Act of 1833: Limits the working day for

children. Children under 14 could only work 8 hours/day. Children 14-18 could only work 12 hours/day.

The Ten Hours Act of 1847: Limits the work day for both women and children to 10 total hours.