How can we use abnormal sources to shed light on the nature of ...
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How can we use abnormal sources to shed light on the nature of obscured AGN? Guido Risaliti University of Florence & INAF – Arcetri Observatory Hidden Monsters , August 11, 2016
Transcript of How can we use abnormal sources to shed light on the nature of ...
HowcanweuseabnormalsourcestoshedlightonthenatureofobscuredAGN?
GuidoRisalitiUniversityofFlorence&INAF– ArcetriObservatory HiddenMonsters,August11,2016
- Primaryemission- DiskReflection- Absorptionby
Torus,Ionised gas,BLRclouds…
- ScatteringfromBLR,HotGas,NeutralGas
- PhotoionizationofCircumnuclear gas
Whatis“Normal”?
Whatis“Abnormal”?UnusualObservationalFeatureswhichhelptoshedlightonthephysicalnatureofintrinsically“normal”sources(mayrefineourconceptof“normal”)
- Absorptionvariability- (somecases)ofdiscordantclassification- BALquasars
Intrinsicallydifferentphysicalproperties
- MissingBLR- X-rayweakBALquasars- Completecoveringbythickgas/dustonkpc scale
Conclusions
“abnormal”=“rare”,ostudiedwellenoughtocatchusuallymisseddetails
Thestandardingredients(torus,BLR,outflow,possibledistantabsorber…)explain(almost)allthephenomenology
Sourceswithsomeextremeparameterwithinthe``standardmodel’’areapowerfulwaytounderstandthestructureof(all)AGN
Variableobscuration
Multi-wavelengthcampaignonthe“normal”Seyfert 1NGC5548
Discoveryofapersistent absorptioncomponentassociatedtoanoutflow
Kaastra etal.2015
VariabilityofobscurationTheluminousquasarPDS456
- Type1/Type2switchinX-rays
- Blueshifted highlyionizedabsorber
Gofford etal.2014
Variabilityofobscuration
MeasurementofthewindopeninganglefromcombinedXMM+NuSTAR spectrum
Nardini etal.2015
Variabilityofobscuration
NGC1365:Opticallytype1.8,extremeX-rayvariability
ChandraHETGLate2013:C-thick,reflectiondominated
XMM+NuStarEarly2013:Unobscured
Braito etal.2015
Variabilityofobscuration
NGC1365:Opticallytype1.8,extremeX-rayvariability
ChandraHETGLate2013:C-thick,reflectiondominated
XMM+NuSTAREarly2013:Unobscured
Riversetal.2015
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds
XMM
Risalitietal.2005,2009
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ <1
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds
Suzaku
Maiolino etal.2010
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ <1
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds
SuzakuSuzaku
Brenneman etal.2014
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ <1
NH~5x1023cm-2
Logξ ~3
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds- Highlyionizedabsorber
Suzaku
Brenneman etal.2014
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ <1
NH~5x1023cm-2
Logξ ~3
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds- Highlyionizedabsorber- Mildlyionizedabsorber
XMM- RGSXMM- RGS
Braito etal.2014
NH>1024 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ <1NH~1023 cm-2
logξ ~2
NH~5x1023cm-2
Logξ ~3NH~1022 cm-2
logξ <1
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)NGC1365- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds- Highlyionizedabsorber- Mildlyionizedabsorber- Neutraldiffuseabsorber
XMM- RGSXMM- RGS
Braito etal.2014
Themulti-phaseabsorberin(AGNs?)ESO277-G34- Comptonthick~neutralclouds- Comptonthin~neutralclouds- Highlyionizedabsorber- Mildlyionizedabsorber- Neutraldiffuseabsorber
XMM- RGSXMM- RGS
Miniutti etal.2013
à “standard”components+BLRcloudsalongthelineofsight
Variabilityofobscuration
Marinucci etal.2016
NuSTAR revealscolumndensityvariabilityintheprototypeCompton-thickAGNNGC1068
Variabilityofobscuration
Markovitz etal.2014
RXTEmonitoring:VariableabsorptioncommonamongAGN.TypicaldistancelargerthanR(BLR)
XMMmonitoring(Torricellietal.2014):- Absorptionvariabilityalmostubiquitous,distance~R(BLR)
“True”conflictingclassificationTruetype2objects– missingBLR
NGC3147– optical(Bianchietal.2009) NGC3147– X-rays(Mattetal.2015)
Howcommon?Bianchietal.2013:8sources,3/4confirmed
BALquasars:“normal”AGNobservedthroughthewind(?)
BALquasars:“normal”AGNobservedthroughthewind(?)
Mrk 231– thenearestBAL(andULIRG)
UV:HST/COSspectrum(Veilleux etal.2016)
BALquasars:“normal”AGNobservedthroughthewind(?)
Teng etal.2015
X-rays:NuSTAR+XMM revealUNOBSCUREDspectrum~50timesfainterthanin“normal”AGN
MaybeintrinsicallyX-rayweakà StrongerUVwinds
(Proga etal.2000)
Themostobscured,mostluminousmonsters
Veilleux etal.2009 Nardini etal.2010
Mid-IRspectroscopy:AGNfractionfordifferentopticalspectraltypes
Themostobscured,mostluminousmonsters
Imanishi etal.2010 Imanishi etal.2010
Optical:LINERMIR-IR:AGNX-rays:Undetected
Optical:HIIMIR-IR:AGNX-rays:HII
Spitzer5-24μm Akari 2.5-5μm
Conclusions
“abnormal”=“rare”,ostudiedwellenoughtocatchusuallymisseddetails
Thestandardingredients(torus,BLR,outflow,possibledistantabsorber…)explain(almost)allthephenomenology
Sourceswithsomeextremeparameterwithinthe``standardmodel’’areapowerfulwaytounderstandthestructureof(all)AGN
