Industrial Training Seminar on MTNL

Submitted By:-ANKITA SINGHB.Tech.(EC)Final YearRoll No. 1203031028

SESSION : 2015-16

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION2. BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK3. HOW THE CALL SETUP4. THE MAIN PARTS OF TELECOMMUNICATION

NETWORK5. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE6. MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME7. SWITICHING SYSTEM8. VARIOUS EXCHANGES IN MTNL9. BROADBAND10.REQUIREMENT FOR PROVIDING BROADBAND CONNECTION11. ADSL MODEM12.NETWORK MODEL FOR ADSL13.REFERENCES

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) is a state-owned telecommunications service provider in the metro cities of Mumbai and New Delhi in India .

The company had a monopoly in Mumbai and New Delhi until 1992, when the telecom sector was opened to other service providers. "Transparency makes us different" is the motto of the company.

It provides a comprehensive range of services in India, which include wireless connections, CDMA mobile, GSM lines, Internet, broadband ,FTTHand VOIP (voice over Internet protocol).

INTRODUCTION

In 1876 Scottish Alexander Graham Bell was the first who invented telephone.A telephone is a telecommunication device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation.It converts sound, or human voice into electronic signals suitable for transmission.Essential elements of a telephone are a microphone(transmitter and an earphone (receiver) In addition, most telephones contain a ringer and a dial

BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

HOW CALL SETUP

When a subscriber calls to another subscriber first its request goes to the nearest switching center that is PSTN (Public Switching Telecommunication Network).

Then it processes the caller and subscriber’s number if it exists in the same BSC then call setup is completed.

If subscriber is not in the same BSC (Base Switching Centre) then call transfer to MSC (Main Switching Centre) then it transfers the call to prior BSC then call setup is completed.

If Caller calls to a mobile subscriber then call transfer is done by MTSO now call transfer is done on BTSs and call setup is completed.

The base transceiver station, or BTS, contains the equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals (transceivers), antennas, and equipment for encrypting and decrypting communications with the base station controller .

Base station controller Manages a number of BTSs. BSCs reserve radio frequencies for communication and manage handovers between BTSs

A mobile switching center (MSC) is the centerpiece of a network switching subsystem (NSS). The MSC is mostly associated with communications switching functions, such as call set-up and routing.

1.Telephone Exchange2.Main Distribution Frame (MDF)

3.Switch Room

THE MAIN PARTS OF TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKNETWORK

TELEPHONE EXCHANGEMAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAMESWITCHING SYSTEM

Equipment which effects interconnection of telephone is known as switching equipment.

A telephone exchange is a telecommunications system used in the PSTN or in large enterprises.

An exchange consists of electronic components that interconnect (switch) telephone subscriber lines or virtual circuits of digital systems to establish telephone calls between subscribers.

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE

MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME

MDF

FUNCTIONS OF MDF: M.D.F. is a media between switching

network and subscriber’s line All copper wires supplying services through

user telephone lines are terminated and distributed through MDF.

MDF is a long steel rack accessible from both sides.

It consists of local connection and broadband connection frames for the main Exchange area.

It checks whether fault is indoor or external.

All lines terminate individually

Structure Of MDF

SWITCHING SYSTEM The process of making a connection

between telecommunication devices. The switching centers receives the

control signals, messages or conversations

forwards message to the required destination, after necessary modification.

A switching system is a collection of switching elements

It arranged and controlled in such a way as to setup a communication path between any two distant points.

During the early years of telephones, this switching was done manually by an operator

5ESS;- (class 5 telephone electronic switching

system)

EWSD:- (Electronic World Switch Digital )

OCB-283:- (organ command bhersion 2nd

generation 8300 motorolla microprocessor) AXE-10

VARIOUS EXCHANGES OF MTNL ARE:

AXE-10 It is a stored program control telephone

switching system. designed for a full range of applications for

local exchanges, tandem exchanges and small- to medium-size transit exchange.

Consist duplicate central processor.

OCB-10 It is a digital switching system with single

‘T’ stage Switch. A maximum of 2048 PCMs can be

connected. It supports both analog and digital

subscribers. It support all type of signalling like CCS-7

 

  BROADBAND SERVICE  

Broadband refers to a connection that has capacity to transmit large amount of data at high speed.

It provides Internet, IPTV and VoIP simultaneously along with basic telephone service

Minimum download speed of 256 kbps to an individual subscriber

Point Of Presence (POP) of the service provider

All signals such as video, audio, data passes through single medium

An ‘always-on' data connection that is able to support interactive services including Internet access.

 

REQUIREMENT FOR PROVIDING BROAD BAND CONNECTION

1.Personal Computer

2.ADSL Modem

3.Land Line Connection

4.Splitter

5.High speed Internet Access

MODEM:- Modulation/DemodulationADSL:- Asymmetric digital subscriber line  ADSL is a type of digital subscriber line technology, a

data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines.

Has different speed for:- Downloading:- 136khz to 1.1Mhz uploading:- 26khz to 138khz. Can transmit both voice and data simultaneously over

a single copper wire upto 5.5km. Splitter – low pass filter for separating POTS from

ADSL

ADSL MODEM

Click icon to add picture

Network Model for Asymmetric DSL

REFERENCE

1. Data Communication And Networking- Behrouz A. Foruzan 2. Wireless Communication and Networks-William Stallings 3. Computer Networking – Kurose & Ross 4. www.mtnl.co.in