Houston Sustainability Indicators...Houston Sustainability Indicators - HSI Page 2 of 17 Objectives...
Transcript of Houston Sustainability Indicators...Houston Sustainability Indicators - HSI Page 2 of 17 Objectives...
Houston Sustainability Indicators Presented to Texas Health in All Policies Project – T-HiAPP June 2013 Lester King, PhD, AICP, LEED Sustainability Fellow Shell Center for Sustainability RICE UNIVERSITY LIKE us on Facebook.com/ShellCenterForSustainability (713) 703-8535 | [email protected] | http://shellcenter.rice.edu - View our latest NEWS.
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Objectives
1. Prioritize those issues that
will most directly impact the
region's future growth and
development.
2. Consider indicator
interrelatedness and develop
a model that allows prediction
of future trends and that
specifies actions to be taken
3. Show how GIS methodologies
can be used to enhance the
tracking of the indicators and
the modeling efforts.
4. Education
Considerations
Considerations
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OBJECTIVES 1. Prioritize those issues that
will most directly impact the
region's future growth and
development.
2. Consider indicator
interrelatedness and develop
a model that allows
prediction of future trends
and that specifies actions to
be taken
3. Show how GIS methodologies
can be used to enhance the
tracking of the indicators
and the modeling efforts.
4. Education
Research Plan
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Interdisciplinary – Consensus Building Advisory Board / Experts
John Anderson, PhD – Geologist
Research in Geosciences for 40 years
Stephen Klineberg, Phd –
Sociologist Houston Area Survey for 29 Years
Ron Soligo, PhD – Economist Research in Energy Economics
for 48 years
Jim Blackburn – Environmental
Lawyer Practice in Environmental Law for 30
years
Social Development Experts Michael Emerson, PhD Rice University Peter Brown Former City Council
Robert Bullard, PhD Texas Southern University
David Crossley Houston tomorrow
Marlene Gafrick Houston Planning Director
Rocaille Roberts, PhD Healthy Living Matters
Diane Schenke Greater East End Management District
Laura Solitare, PhD Texas Southern University
Ruth Lopez-Turley, PhD Rice University
Economic Development Experts Theresa DeBose Centerpoint Gavin Dillingham, PhD HISD George Granias METRO CEO Carol Lewis, PhD Texas Southern University
Laura Murillo Houston Hispanic Chambe Commerce
Qisheng Pan, PhD Texas Southern University Laura Spanjian Houston Sustainability Dire
Fred Welch Vice President Greater Hou Partnership
Environmental Development Experts Phil Bedient, Ph.D. Rice University Jun Chang Houston Water Director Thomas Colbert University of Houston
Aston Hinds, Ph.D. Port of Houston Environmen Director
Jim Lester, Ph.D. HARC Brandt Mannchen Sierra Club Martin Melosi, Ph.D. University of Houston Jeff Taebel HGAC C&E Director Matt Tejada, Ph.D. Air Alliance Houston
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Consensus Building
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Indicator Framework – BIG Ideas and Choices of Indicators Social Development
Economic Development
Environmental Development
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Generation 1 – Feasibility and Structure
Generation 2 – Holy Grail of Indicators
Generation 3 – Indicator Analysis
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SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS ANALYSIS Systematic
• Data was collected for 88 neighborhoods in the City of Houston. • Apply Correlation Analysis to reduce the set of measured variables and to determine clusters of data.
• Neighborhoods were ranked according to the clusters.
Evaluation
• Neighborhoods were compared using descriptive statistics to show performance across the composite indicator set.
Maps and charts were produced for some of the indicators to show spatial distribution across the municipality.
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Normative Component Goals/ Sustainable Development Indicators Social Metrics Economic Metrics Environmental Metrics
SDI1 - Public Transportation Unemployment rate Ʊ % of commute trips made by transit Accessibility of transit system
SDI2 - Air Quality # of Complaints Median Housing Value Ʊ Air Pollution Exceeding federal standards per monitor
SDI3 - Government and Leadership
Ʊ Voter Turnout in municipal elections compared to number of registered voters
* Average household income by quantiles Access to public facilities (number of libraries, fire stations, police stations, schools, emergency medical)
SDI4 - Infrastructure Provision and Maintenance Number of complaints CIP funding Ʊ Survey of infrastructure conditions
SDI5 - Economic Development Unemployment rate Ʊ Jobs created Developable Land (vacant or abandoned, not park or protected area)
SDI6 - Roads and Congestion Ʊ Vehicle Miles Traveled Cost to operate Private Vehicle Housing Density SDI7 - Health Care **, Ʊ % of population with insurance Income of Health Care Workers Access to healthcare
SDI8 - Flood Management # of people living in flood zone areas ** Cost of flood insurance Ʊ Percentage of impervious covering (homes, apartments, parking lots etc.) in flood zone areas weighted by flooding probability.
SDI9 - Steward of Water Resources Gallons of water used per person Cost of water **, Ʊ Amount of water available
SDI10 - Clean City Percent Change in Crime Statistics Annually ** Cost of garbage pickup **, Ʊ Amount of litter
SDI11 – Suburban Development Population Growth Average household income by quintiles Ʊ Density and development of town centers in
the suburbs
SDI12 – Urban Development Population count **, Ʊ Property value increases inside the City of Houston vs. outside of the City Distance from CBD
SDI13 – Parking Number of vehicles Property Value **, Ʊ % of acreage devoted to surface parking compared to acreage of new development
SDI14 – Development Impact Ethnicity **, Ʊ Dollars devoted to infrastructure needed for new/infill development, i.e. drainage, streets, sidewalks, parks
Impact from subcenters
SDI15 – Long Range Planning Existence of Superneighborhood Council
**, Ʊ Dollar amount of CIP spending that relates to identified long term priorities of the City
Developable Land
SDI16 – Neighborhood Preservation
Ʊ Public view of the quality of life in their neighborhood Median Housing Value Access to k-12 Schools
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Systematic Component What are the factors which contribute the most to a heuristic understanding of sustainable development in the urban area based on the UrbanSD model?
Indicators Houston
Average Houston Wealthy
Houston Sprawl
High Travel
Dependent Communities
Underserved Communities
(20_000_34_999) .946 .073 .039 -.030 .173 -.016 (35_000_49_999) .894 .265 .096 -.014 .062 -.049 (POP) .871 .211 .190 .018 .202 -.105 (0_19_999) .801 -.048 -.057 -.051 .521 -.012 (50_000_74_999) .753 .465 .213 .017 .001 -.186 (WATCOST) .704 .355 -.076 .381 .015 .152 (Water Use) .662 .318 -.063 .326 -.101 .151 (HOUSESINFL) .573 .059 .167 -.050 .090 .174 (HEALTH INCOME) .523 .429 .084 .005 .006 -.209 (200_OR_MOR) .215 .880 .039 .121 -.199 -.025 (MEDIAN HOUSE
.372 .846 -.061 .086 -.097 -.050 (75_000_199_999) .459 .696 .280 .063 -.077 -.225 (PERCEPT SAFETY) .281 .559 .313 -.034 .262 .072 (HISPANIC) .217 -.539 -.175 -.120 -.099 -.074 (VOTERS) .032 .442 -.398 -.220 -.124 .049 (Size Area) .191 .167 .913 .010 -.026 .027 (DEVELOPABLE) -.011 .106 .912 .005 -.054 .072 (DIST TO CBD) .299 .081 .668 -.146 -.360 -.090 (HOU DENSITY) .471 .176 -.547 -.059 .034 -.169 (VMT) -.062 .012 -.039 .967 .068 .003 (VEHI COSTS) -.062 .012 -.039 .967 .068 .003 (VMT GRAVITY) .292 .259 .094 .827 -.009 -.206 (PER TRANSIT) .257 -.075 -.137 .145 .838 -.041 (PUBLIC FACIL) .317 .021 .075 .086 .763 .007 (K12) .544 .071 -.036 -.050 .659 .052 (UNEMPLOYMENT) -.338 -.270 -.194 -.048 .653 .099 (POPCHANGE) -.247 -.149 -.292 .006 .050 .056 (VEHICLES) -.348 -.120 -.322 -.031 .066 .046 (ACCESSHEALTH) .017 -.007 -.007 .083 .271 -.050 (JOBS) -.017 -.042 .134 .523 -.031 .099 (AIR POLLUTE) .062 -.027 .204 -.028 .041 .642 (BUS ACCESS) .099 .186 .503 .018 -.082 -.633 (CRIME) -.264 .152 .225 -.343 -.134 .459 (AIR COMPLAIN) -.066 .001 -.026 -.039 .047 .007
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How do neighborhoods rank according to the observed important factors?
• Score Neighborhoods
On Factors Sn# Neighborhood Region Houston
Average Houston Wealthy
Houston Sprawl High Travel Dependent
Communities Underserved Communities
22 Washington Avenue C -0.10447 (43) 0.31906 (18) 0.41235 (17) 0.15706 (18) 0.7749 (16) 0.23681 (23) 23 Afton/ River Oaks C -0.89348 (72) 3.15462 (3) -0.8186 (72) 0.01588 (20) -0.82861 (71) 0.37342 (17) 24 Montrose C 0.64732 (17) 1.61628 (8) -1.03083 (79) -0.03779 (26) 0.53925 (24) -0.31551 (64) 28 University Place C -0.87386 (71) 1.27384 (10) -1.17187 (82) 0.16393 (17) -0.64818 (61) 0.18558 (26) 32 Braeswood Place C -0.21007 (46) 1.07585 (12) -0.89394 (76) -0.52982 (82) -0.40633 (52) 0.06896 (34) 33 Medical Center C -1.02505 (78) -0.07754 (36) 0.1498 (25) 0.45225 (10) -0.73198 (68) -0.28107 (60) 34 Astrodome C 0.0139 (38) 0.34746 (17) -0.91642 (78) -0.09704 (34) -0.63619 (60) -0.62183 (73) 51 Northside Village C 0.3934 (25) -0.55245 (61) -0.25588 (45) -0.23235 (49) 1.88098 (3) -0.92168 (78) 52 Kashmere C -0.60306 (59) -0.14203 (41) -0.17777 (41) -0.39617 (69) 1.64092 (5) 0.00986 (39) 55 Greater Fifth Ward C -0.38629 (53) -0.06719 (35) 0.16221 (23) -0.24684 (51) 2.49294 (2) -0.18034 (51) 56 Denver Harbor C 0.05416 (36) -0.95379 (74) 0.06787 (26) -0.13192 (39) -0.08472 (38) -0.23579 (57) 57 Pleasantville C 0.07821 (35) -0.57521 (65) -0.55964 (64) 0.20176 (16) -1.64416 (84) 0.50858 (13) 60 Fourth Ward C -0.99018 (77) -0.44601 (55) -0.91532 (77) -0.32352 (61) -0.66113 (63) -0.14854 (49) 61 Downtown C -0.65379 (62) -1.101 (80) -0.42329 (49) 8.49329 (1) 0.14881 (32) 0.16255 (29) 62 Midtown C -1.3748 (81) 0.00006 (31) -1.14338 (80) 0.68827 (4) 0.59115 (20) -0.32853 (66) 63 Second Ward C -0.65229 (61) 0.1557 (24) -0.52426 (60) -0.52916 (81) 0.6731 (19) -0.2759 (59) 64 Greater Eastwood C -0.11613 (44) -0.68539 (66) -0.62374 (67) -0.2251 (46) -0.14538 (40) -0.14092 (47) 66 Binz C -0.97997 (76) 0.08597 (29) -1.17857 (83) -0.40505 (72) -0.57489 (57) -0.18166 (52) 67 Greater Third Ward C -1.62319 (83) 0.44145 (16) -0.83411 (74) 0.43846 (11) 4.58553 (1) -0.14858 (50) 68 Ost C -0.53132 (55) 0.13401 (27) -0.26935 (46) -0.31632 (59) 1.61626 (6) -0.32447 (65) 69 Gulfgate C -0.32106 (48) -1.19839 (82) -0.49095 (56) -0.01846 (24) -0.67054 (64) -0.58891 (72) 70 Pecan Park C 0.16701 (31) -1.16993 (81) -0.56733 (65) -0.26212 (53) -0.43902 (53) -0.90935 (77) 82 Magnolia C 0.2048 (27) -0.9726 (77) -0.08889 (34) -0.21972 (45) 0.32577 (28) -0.69267 (76) 83 Macgregor C -0.82033 (66) -0.02371 (33) -0.53454 (62) -0.01554 (23) 0.46357 (25) -0.12068 (44) 87 Greenway C 0.11045 (32) 1.65837 (7) -0.67629 (70) 0.87125 (3) -0.44852 (54) 0.16166 (30) 88 Lawndale C -0.4719 (54) -0.4294 (54) -0.52656 (61) -0.22866 (47) -0.11349 (39) 0.97191 (8) 58 Northshore E 0.1981 (28) -0.78308 (69) 0.21018 (20) -0.07176 (31) -0.27173 (47) 1.29762 (6) 59 Clinton Park E -1.67161 (84) 0.15612 (23) 0.00617 (30) -0.28076 (55) 0.55876 (23) 1.66397 (5) 2 Greenspoint N 0.65059 (16) -0.92845 (73) 0.24225 (19) 0.45658 (9) -0.69104 (65) 0.14119 (32) 6 Acres Home N -0.32397 (49) 0.04078 (30) 0.4154 (16) -0.2738 (54) 1.34134 (7) -0.19957 (55) 7 Hidden Valley N -0.91777 (74) -0.53642 (59) -0.38811 (48) -0.48654 (77) -1.19666 (78) -0.23514 (56) 12 Oak Forest N 1.08492 (10) 0.91811 (13) -0.08132 (32) -0.34175 (65) 0.81234 (15) 0.41056 (15) 13 Independence Hights N -0.58289 (58) -0.42872 (53) -0.53584 (63) -0.42858 (74) 0.6909 (18) 0.14242 (31) 15 Greater Heights N 1.21623 (8) 0.64656 (15) -0.28428 (47) -0.0673 (29) 1.09005 (10) -0.34088 (68)
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Neighborhood Ranking
Ranking of Houston Average Factor
Rank Region Sn# Neighborhood 1 W 25 Alief 2 W 26 Sharpstown 3 W 27 Gulfton 4 W 20 Woodlake 5 N 45 Northside 6 SW 36 Greater Fondren 7 W 21 Greater Uptown 8 N 15 Greater Heights 9 S 78 Greater Hobby 10 N 12 Oak Forest 75 NW 53 El Dorado 76 C 66 Binz 77 C 60 Fourth Ward 78 C 33 Medical Center 79 S 35 South main 80 S 77 Minnetex 81 C 62 Midtown 82 NW 50 Settegast 83 C 67 Greater Third
84 E 59 Clinton Park
Income group $20,000-$34,999 (0.946); Income group $35,000-$49,999 (0.894);
Population (0.871); Income group $0-$19,999 (0.801); Income group $50,000-$74,999
(0.753); Water Costs (0.704); Water Usage (0.662); Houses in Flood Zone (0.573); Health
Sector Income (0.523).
Ranking of Houston Wealthy Factor
Rank Region Sn# Neighborhood 1 W 21 Greater Uptown 2 W 16 Memorial 3 C 23 Afton/ River Oaks 4 SE 81 Clear lake 5 N 43 Kingwood 6 W 17 Eldridge 7 C 87 Greenway 8 C 24 Montrose 9 W 18 Briarforest 10 C 28 University Place 75 W 27 Gulfton 76 SE 79 Edgebrook 77 C 82 Magnolia 78 W 65 Harrisburg 79 NW 11 Langwood 80 C 61 Downtown 81 C 70 Pecan Park 82 C 69 Gulfgate 83 W 25 Alief 84 W 29 Westwood
Income group $200,000 and above (0.880); Median Housing value (0.846);
Income group $75,000 - $199,999 (0.696); Percent Safety (0.559); Percent
Hispanic (-0.539); and Percent Voters (0.442).
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Ranking of Houston Sprawl Factor
Rank Region Sn# Neighborhood 1 W 17 Eldridge 2 W 9 Addicks 3 N 42 IAH 4 N 43 Kingwood 5 NW 44 Lake Houston 6 SE 81 Clear lake 7 S 40 Central Southwest 8 SE 80 South Belt 9 S 78 Greater Hobby 10 S 77 Minnetex 75 SE 74 Park Place 76 C 32 Braeswood Place 77 C 60 Fourth Ward 78 C 34 Astrodome 79 C 24 Montrose 80 C 62 Midtown 81 W 21 Greater Uptown 82 C 28 University Place 83 C 66 Binz 84 NW 14 Lazy Brook
Acreage (0.913); Developable (0.912); Distance to CBD (0.668); Housing Density (-0.547).
Ranking of Houston High Travel Factor
Rank Region Sn# Neighborhood 1 C 61 Downtown 2 W 21 Greater Uptown 3 C 87 Greenway 4 C 62 Midtown 5 SE 81 Clear lake 6 NW 4 Fairbanks 7 W 26 Sharpstown 8 W 16 Memorial 9 N 2 Greenspoint 10 C 33 Medical Center 75 W 10 Spring Branch West 76 N 47 East Little York 77 N 7 Hidden Valley 78 S 72 South Park 79 NW 84 Spring Shadows 80 S 76 South Acres 81 C 63 Second Ward 82 C 32 Braeswood Place 83 SW 31 Meyerland Area 84 SE 74 Park Place
VMT (0.967); Vehicle Costs (0.967); and VMT Gravity (0.827).
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Regional Assessment of Neighborhoods Regional Trends in Local Study
Region # Neighborhoods %Positive Trend %Negative Trend C 26 15 7 E 2 0 20 N 12 12 7 NE 4 0 20 NW 9 2 13 S 10 8 10 SE 5 16 20 SW 4 10 5 W 13 11 14
Table was created by calculating the percentage of times neighborhoods
showed up in the top or bottom of the factors by region. In some cases the
bottom of the factor may have been interpreted as the positive trend such as
in the Sprawl Factor.
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Findings
• We took 39 seemingly disparate indicators and demonstrated that they are highly correlated in 6 main value laden
ways with respect to the city application.
• The western side of the city is doing better on the ‘Houston Average Factor’ cluster. In contrast the central portion of
the city is not doing as well. This factor can be used to demonstrate why investment in the central core of Houston is
essential.
• The fact that 4 central neighborhoods show up in both the top and bottom of the Weathy Factor suggests an acute
segregation of persons by income and race in central Houston. It also shows that increases in civic participation in
terms of ‘Voting’ is integral to increased neighborhood performance.
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Reporting
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Conclusion
• How to take big data on the city and systematically develop knowledge and understanding of development using a
single model.
• The research also shows how the precepts of sustainable development can enhance understanding of development.
Relationships in urban development measures can be combined in a systematic format under the rubric of
sustainability.
• How to target investment for many of the various functions of government and systems in the urban area.
• How systems are interrelated and how those interrelations have impacts on neighborhoods.
• How to categorize and compare various areas in the city. Separating areas by population size or income is a socio-
economic historical approach to managing the complexity of the city. The research procedure offers a much more
efficient and systematic procedure.
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