Housing solutions based on Bamboo Prefabricated ...
Transcript of Housing solutions based on Bamboo Prefabricated ...
Urban Resilience
The capacity of individuals, communities,institutions, business and systems within a cityto survive, adapt, and grow no matter what kindof chronic stresses and severe shocks they haveexperimented.
Non Resilient Construction
GREENHOUSE EFFECT GASES EMISSIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY
Source: Cuchi A et al., 2007.
A LOT OF OPPORTUNITIES!!
THE MEXICAN HOUSING CONSTRUCTION
Mortar (6.9) Gravel (2.9)
Aluminum (2.3)
Additives (1.5)
Wood (1.1)
PVC (1)
Others (5.5)
Prefabricated concrete (2)
Ceramics (20.3)
Steel (18.7)
Lime (7.9)
87.592 93
96.1
73.6
80.3
48.8
65.4 63.2
85.5
29.6
40.3
0
50
100
2000 2010 2000 2010 2000 2010
Housings with concretewalls, partiton brick or
similars
Housings with cementfloors, wood, mosaic or
other covering
Housings with concreteceiling, partiton brick or
similars
Urban Rural
Sites with less than 2500 habitants are considered as rural, while places
with 2500 habitants or more are marked as urban.
Source: CONAVI, based on INEGI’s 2000 and 2010 population and housing
census.
Auto-Construction in Mexico
Fuente: CIDOC y SHF (2014), Estado actual de la vivienda en México 2014
9.6%
Auto-Construction in Mexico
Source: El Universal, march 2012. Damages in Rural Zonesin Guerrero State caused by Ometepec Earthquake (20 marzo 2012) Mw 7.8.
Houses produced by the government in a state of abandonment – About 5 million of houses.
Mecanical properties of woody bamboo
According to the Construction Colombian Standard (NSR-10)
*Data in accordance to the Colombian Standard of Construction NSR-10
Source: own elaboration with data of experimental results (2015)
Guadua
Angustifolia
Conifer
wood class
B
Metodology
ISO 22156
Metodology
NSR-10NSR-10
RCDF NTC-
Wood
Compression
parallel to
grain
104.26 208.5 142.66 95
Tension
parallel to
grain
241.45 144.87 183.42 70
Bending 94.36 113.23 152.85 100
Shear parallel
to grain7.12 7.76 12.23 12
Experimental results
Guadua AngustifoliaType of force
Design
stress
(kg/cm²)
The Next Official Data for Mexico City Standard
Type of forceGuadua
aculeata
Guadua
Angustifolia
Bambusa
OldHamii
Compression
parallel to grain170 240 205
Tension
parallel to grain210 370 590
Bending 235 260 340
Shear parallel to
grain30 18 25
Design
stress
(kg/cm²)
Description of BiBa system prototype1. Base: foundation and columns.
2. Prefabricated bamboo structure:BIOPANEL® structural walls.
3. Enclosure system:
1. Cemented.
2. Bahareque.
3. Wood.
4. Floor:
1. Enclosure beams.
2. BAMBULOSA®: Prestressed joists system.
5. Wooden stave floor.
6. Balcony with bamboo structure.
7. Rustic prefabricated bamboo floor.
8. Prefabricated structure of bamboo: BIOPANEL structural walls.
9. Roof.
1. Enclosure beams.
2. BAMBULOSA®: Prestressed joists system.
10. Ceiling and thermal isolation.
11. Wavy sheet of recycling poly-aluminium.
Description of BAMBULOSA system
Bambulosa® system consists in a prefabricated system based on bamboo and steelcomposite beams that are used to give support to a cover that is conformed by one orseveral layers with structural and aesthetical functions (resistant diaphragm, top finishand/or bottom finish, etc…). It is a sustainable alternative for the construction of floorand roof slabs, with a market competitive cost, optimum structural, thermal andacoustic performance, with high durability and low environmental impact.
Patent number: MX/a/2015/001287, PCT WO 2026/122302 A1
Isometric view BAMBULOSA system Cross section BAMBULOSA system Presforced beam of BAMBULOSA system
1. Presforced beams of BAMBULOSA 2. Dead falsework 3. Concrete screed 4. Floor or roof Finish
Description of BIOPANEL system
The Biopanel system is a prefabricated modular constructive productcomposed by bamboo and others materials with capacity to resistvertical load and dynamic horizontal action (caused by earthquake orwind), in accordance with current international structural design andconstruction standards.
Goal of study of BiBa system
The objective of this experimental research is toevaluate the main dynamic and static properties,and the seismic behavior of one and two storiesstructures composed by BiBa system, at 1:1 scale.
Prototypes were subjected to vibrations and lateralloading representative of earthquake and/or windactions to know the behavior of this type ofstructural solutions facing typical demands.
Test program
Ambient vibration testing
Consists in measure structural vibrations produced by
excitations related with the surrounding environment.
P1- PLYWOOD-BAMBOO STRUCTURAL PANELS
In the first prototype tested, the Biopanelsystem is composed by Bambusa Oldhamiibamboo studs, steel diagonals and a plywood cover.
P2- CEMENTED-BAMBOO STRUCTURAL PANELS
In the second prototype tested, the Biopanelsystem is composed by Bambusa Oldhamiibamboo studs, steel diagonals and a cement mortar cover, chicken wire and bamboo mat.
Test program
DeformationControlled Quasi-Static
Cycling Test
Hydraulic jacks with a capacity of 100 tons and a piston stroke of 350 mm.
Plywood Biopanel cycling test
Load vs displacement curve (Hysteretic cycles)
Ductil
and
Auto-centring
behavior
Displacement (mm)
Bas
al S
he
ar
(to
n)
Plywood Biopanel cycling test
Primary cycles and declination cycles envelopes
Lo
ad
(to
n)
Primary cycles
Envelope A
Displacement (mm)
Envelope B
Decline cycles
Plywood Biopanel cycling test
Referencing Drift 0.006 (Wood buildings)
Seismic association according to envelope A (primary cicles) Seismic association according to envelope B
(declination cicles) Load
CFE RCDF
0.15 3.90E-05 3.14E-05 4.65E-05 0.014 Seismic zone A-I
1.65 9.73E-04 7.02E-04 1.24E-03 0.157Seismic zone A-
II, A-III and B-I
2.3 1.36E-03 9.76E-04 1.74E-03 0.219
2.4 1.39E-03 9.96E-04 1.78E-03 0.229
2.9 1.76E-03 1.31E-03 2.21E-03 0.276
3.1 1.78E-03 1.27E-0.3 2.28E-03 0.296
4.1 2.38E-03 1.82E-03 2.94E-03 0.391Seismic zone IIIa
and IIIc
4.4 2.74E-03 2.11E-03 3.36E-03 0.419
4.65 2.97E-03 2.26E-03 3.67E-03 0.443
5.15 3.51E-03 2.68E-03 4.33E-03 0.491
5.55 3.92E-03 2.97E-03 4.86E-03 0.529
6.5 4.88E-03 3.73E-03 6.03E-03 0.62
7.35 5.87E-03 4.51E-03 7.22E-03 0.701
8.05 6.82E-03 5.21E-03 8.42E-03 0.767
8.75 7.82E-03 5.82E-03 9.80E-03 0.834
10 9.75E-03 7.21E-03 1.23E-02 0.953
10.25 1.03E-02 7.62E-03 1.30E-02 0.977
11.1 1.17E-02 8.40E-03 1.50E-02 1.058
11.5 1.22E-02 8.78E-03 1.57E-02 1.096
11.85 1.27E-02 9.11E-03 1.63E-02 1.130
12.1 1.36E-02 9.68E-03 1.76E-02 1.153
12.85 1.56E-02 1.06E-02 2.06E-02 1.225
13.85 1.66E-02 1.08E-02 2.23E-02 1.320
14.45 1.76E-02 1.06E-02 2.45E-02 1.377
Seismic zone C-
II and C-III
Seismic zone D-
II and D-III
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zoneThese loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone
Seismic zone I
Seismic zone II
and IIId
Seismic zone
IIIb
Seismic zone B-
II, B-III and C-I
Seismic zone D-I
P(Ton)Global Drift
Drift Top
Floor
Drift Bottom
Floor
Quotient
(P/W)
Seismic zone in according to the
active load
Load
CFE RCDF
1.9 9.91E-04 6.20E-04 1.36E-03 0.181Seismic zone A-
III
3.1 1.77E-03 1.29E-03 2.24E-03 0.296
3.15 1.96E-03 1.36E-03 2.55E-03 0.3
3.2 1.97E-03 1.37E-03 2.55E-03 0.305Seismic zone B-
III and C-I
3.9 2.73E-03 1.95E-03 3.51E-03 0.372 Seismic zone D-I
5.4 5.26E-03 3.63E-03 6.88E-03 0.515
5.45 5.26E-03 3.60E-03 6.88E-03 0.52
6.25 7.81E-03 5.09E-03 1.05E-02 0.596
6.35 7.83E-03 5.11E-03 1.05E-02 0.605
6.8 1.03E-02 6.46E-03 1.42E-02 0.648
6.85 1.03E-02 6.46E-03 1.42E-02 0.653
6.8 1.37E-02 7.71E-03 1.96E-02 0.648
Seismic zone in according to the
active load
Seismic zone B-II
Seismic zone C-
II and C-III
Seismic zone D-
II and D-III
Seismic zone II
and IIId
Seismic zone
IIIa, IIIb and IIIc
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone
Global DriftP(Ton)
Drift Top
Floor
Drift
Bottom
Floor
Quotient
(P/W)
Plywood Biopanel cycling testAnalysis for equivalent forces of wind
Cities close to
structural bamboo
producing areas
No. City
1 110 Toluca,Edo. Mex. 125.07 1928-22
2 110 Chimalhuacan,Edo. Mex. 125.07 2012.52
3 110 Tlaxcala,Tlax. 125.07 2017.8
4 110 Mèxico,Central 125.07 2023.7
5 113 Naucalpan de Juarez, Edo. Mex. 128.48 2028.58
6 111 Cd. Nezahualcoyotl, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2039.11
7 111 Ixtapaluca, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2062.87
8 111 Chalco de Diaz Covarrubias, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2064.96
9 112 Puebla, Pue. 127.34 2114.28
10 111 Buena Vista, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2139.11
11 101 Mexicali, B.C. 114.84 2163.29
12 104 San Luis Rio Colorado, Son. 118.25 2286.78
13 120 Tuxtla Gutierres, Cgis. 136.44 2857.23
14 128 Celaya, Gto. 145.54 2860.1
15 130 Saltillo, Coah. 147.81 3015.01
16 119 Tijuana, B.C. 135.3 3041.34
17 137 Los Mochis, Sin. 155.77 3948.65
18 138 Salina Cruz, Oax. 156.91 3971.6
19 150 Torreon, Coah. 170.55 4190.47
20 144 Cd. General Escobedo, N.L. 163.73 4199.17
21 159 Leon de los Aldama, Gto. 180.78 4374.06
22 150 Colima, Col. 170.55 4527.09
23 148 Coatzacoacos, Ver. 168.28 4579.05
24 150 Acapulco, Gro. 170.55 4688.53
25 151 Nuevo Laredo, Tamps. 171.69 4781.94
26 153 Chetumal, Q. Roo 173.96 4891.51
27 153 Tampico, Tamps. 173.96 4922.93
28 159 Guaymas, Son. 180.78 5298.61
29 164 Manzanillo Col. 186.47 5456.83
30 164 Heroica Matamoros, Tamps. 186.47 5687.18
31 164 La Paz, B.C.S 186.47 5693.66
32 170 Cd. Acuña, Coah. 193.29 5990.09
33 170 Veracruz, Ver. 193.29 6076.12
34 172 Merida, Yuc. 195.56 6192.36
35 179 Mazatlan, Yuc. 203.52 6709.84
36 180 Piedras Negras, Coah. 204.66 6760.71
37 189 Playa del Caren, Q. Roo 214.89 7526.96
38 196 Cancun, Q. Roo. 222.85 8402.33
39 200 Cozumel, Q. Roo. 227.4 8402.42
40 222 Isla Socorro, Col. 252.41 10350.39
Max. Load principal Cycles: 14.45 t
Max. Load declination Cycles: 6.85 t
Cemented Biopanel cycling test
Load vs displacement curve (Hysteretic cycles)
Ductil
and
auto centring
behavior
Bas
al S
he
ar
(to
n)
Cemented Biopanel cycling test
Primary cycles envelope and declination cycles
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Basa
l Shear
(Ton)
Desplacement (mm)
LOAD-DISPLACEMENT ENVELOPE
Maximum expected load
Permissible drift (RCDF 0.006)
Cemented Biopanel cycling test
Seismic association according to envelope
B
Seismic association according to envelope
A
CFE RCDF
6.15 0.00037 0.30Seismic zone B-
II
Seismic zone II
and IIId
7.1 0.00060 0.35Seismic zone B-
III and C-I
Seismic zone IIIa
and IIIc
9.05 0.00076 0.45Seismic zone D-
I, C-II and C-III
Seismic zone
IIIb
14.45 0.00154 0.72Seismic zone D-
II and D-III
17.6 0.00231 0.87
20.65 0.00308 1.02
27.6 0.00539 1.37
31.2 0.00767 1.55
34 0.01157 1.68
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone
P(Ton) DriftQuotient
(P/W)
Seismic zone in according to the
active load
CFE RCDF
5.85 0.00039 0.29
4.35 0.00044 0.22
5.9 0.00061 0.29
8.2 0.00116 0.41 Seismic zone IIIb
9.85 0.00172 0.49
11.2 0.00231 0.55Seismic zone C-
II and C-III
14.55 0.00385 0.72
16.3 0.00576 0.81
28.15 0.01079 1.39
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone.
Seismic zone B-
II, B-III, and C-I
Seismic zone D-I
Seismic zone
IIIc, IIIc and IIId
These loads are
not present in
the seismic
zone.
Seimic zone D-II
and D-III
P(Ton) DriftQuotient
(P/W)
Seismic zone in according to the
active load
Referencing Drift 0.0035 (Masonry buildings)
Cemented Biopanel cycling testAnalysis for equivalent wind forces
Static forces for some
cities
No. City
1 110 Toluca,Edo. Mex. 125.07 2442.44
2 110 Chimalhuacan,Edo. Mex. 125.07 2547.79
3 110 Tlaxcala,Tlax. 125.07 2554.17
4 110 Mèxico,Central 125.07 2561.63
5 113 Naucalpan de Juarez, Edo. Mex. 128.48 2569.27
6 111 Cd. Nezahualcoyotl, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2581.62
7 111 Ixtapaluca, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2611.22
8 111 Chalco de Diaz Covarrubias, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2313.15
9 112 Puebla, Pue. 127.34 2676.53
10 111 Buena Vista, Edo. Mex. 126.21 2709.53
11 101 Mexicali, B.C. 114.84 2739.01
12 104 San Luis Rio Colorado, Son. 118.25 2894.48
13 120 Tuxtla Gutierres, Cgis. 136.44 3617.78
14 128 Celaya, Gto. 145.54 3623.16
15 130 Saltillo, Coah. 147.81 3818.97
16 119 Tijuana, B.C. 135.3 3848.15
17 137 Los Mochis, Sin. 155.77 4998.8
18 138 Salina Cruz, Oax. 156.91 5027.3
19 150 Torreon, Coah. 170.55 5311.2
20 144 Cd. General Escobedo, N.L. 163.73 5317.72
21 159 Leon de los Aldama, Gto. 180.78 5540.58
22 150 Colima, Col. 170.55 5727.8
23 148 Coatzacoacos, Ver. 168.28 5794.12
24 150 Acapulco, Gro. 170.55 5934.96
25 151 Nuevo Laredo, Tamps. 171.69 6046.31
26 153 Chetumal, Q. Roo 173.96 6191.4
27 153 Tampico, Tamps. 173.96 6230.03
28 159 Guaymas, Son. 180.78 6705.12
29 164 Manzanillo Col. 186.47 7126.16
30 164 Heroica Matamoros, Tamps. 186.47 7200.11
31 164 La Paz, B.C.S 186.47 7207.7
32 170 Cd. Acuña, Coah. 193.29 7572.66
33 170 Veracruz, Ver. 193.29 7692.52
34 172 Merida, Yuc. 195.56 7838.37
35 179 Mazatlan, Yuc. 203.52 8489.34
36 180 Piedras Negras, Coah. 204.66 8544.94
37 189 Playa del Caren, Q. Roo 214.89 9528.64
38 196 Cancun, Q. Roo. 222.85 10180.59
39 200 Cozumel, Q. Roo. 227.4 10638.44
40 222 Isla Socorro, Col. 252.41 13104.38
Max. Load principal Cycles: 34 t
Max. Load declination Cycles: 28.15 t