Housing, Health and the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada...Public Health 2015, Vancouver, BC Linda...
Transcript of Housing, Health and the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada...Public Health 2015, Vancouver, BC Linda...
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Public Health 2015, Vancouver, BC
Linda Pillsworth, A/Executive Director
Community Health and Wellness Services
Housing, Health and the Aboriginal
Peoples of CanadaInsights into on-reserve housing
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www.fnha.ca
Insights into on reserve housing
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Indian reserve system has changed how First Nations people live
www.fnha.ca
• Homes are not built to the culture and needs of the population
• Formerly a nomadic lifestyle
• Homes are built according to western norms
• Free housing and lack of home ownership
• Low individual income and economic base of communities
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www.fnha.ca
Complex and inadequate funding programs
Community housing is subsidized by AANDC and CMHC
Communities expected to generate additional revenue
Subsidy programs have requirements and limitations
Band is responsible to manage housing program; this requires:
Understanding importance
Human resource capacity
Capacity in housing administration
Rental policies, standards or by-laws
High building costs in remote and isolated communities
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www.fnha.ca
Funding is limited
Total Infrastructure Investment 2014-2015 $165,191,734
BC First Nation Population (Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey) 62,235
Infrastructure Investment per Capita $2,654
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Housing investments must compete with other infrastructure improvements (water/sewer, roads, education facilities, etc.)
Housing is approx. 8% of infrastructure investments (AANDC)
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www.fnha.ca
Housing on reserve deteriorates more rapidly
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Stress on Existing Homes
Substandard
Population Growth
Housing Shortage
Overcrowding
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Substandard housing and overcrowding
• Large families
• Geographic conditions
• Site planning
• Housing design
• Building materials
• Construction practices
• Building standards
• Lack of preventative maintenance programs
• Lifestyle factors
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Lack of preventative maintenance
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www.fnha.ca
“Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for
the health and well being of themselves and their family,
including… housing…” Universal declaration of human rights, article 25
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www.fnha.ca
Not only physical health impacts, but also mental health, social functioning of
families and communities, and connectedness to culture and spirit
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Physiological
• Thermal
• Chemical purity
• Sunlight
• Space
• Noise
Psychological
• Privacy
• Family life
• Community life
• Cleaning facilities
• Aesthetics
• Social standards
Communicable Disease
• Water quality
• Water quantity
• Toilet facilities
• Sewage disposal
• Pests
• Perishable food storage
• Sleeping rooms
Injuries
• Fire prevention
• Fire escape
• Burns and electrical hazards
• Radon/CO
• Falls
• Traffic
• Dogs
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www.fnha.ca
Healthy Housing
WHO has adopted a broad definition of housing - encompasses four inter‐related aspects.
1. House (or dwelling) is the physical structure used, or intended to be used, for human habitation.
2. Home is the economic, social and cultural structure established by the household.
3. Neighbourhood (or immediate housing environment) includes the streets, the estate, the shops, places of worship, recreational and green space, and transport.
4. community comprises those living, working and providing services in the neighbourhood.
First Nations lens: physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual
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www.fnha.ca
Environmental Public Health Services works with
communities to identify unhealthy homes
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Adequate systems and resources are needed
www.fnha.ca
Community and occupant driven
Housing policy
Building standards and inspection
Accountability and responsibility
Sustainable funding
Housing models incorporating control and ownership
Incentives for maintenance
Public health interventions
Healthy housing research
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www.fnha.ca
More information:
Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canadahttp://www.aadnc-andc.gc.ca/eng/1100100010715/1100100010719
Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation http://www.cmhc.ca/en/ab/abfinaho/upload/68282_EN_w_ACC.pdf
FNHA Perspective on Wellness
http://www.fnha.ca/wellness/wellness-and-the-first-nations-health-authority/first-nations-perspective-on-wellness
Health Canada FNIHB Resourceshttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/promotion/public-publique/home-maison/mould-moisissure-eng.php
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www.fnha.cawww.fnha.ca
Thank you!
Linda Pillsworth
604-699-3112
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