Hospital Corporation of America -...
Transcript of Hospital Corporation of America -...
Hospital Corporation of America - HCA
Lighting Supplier SummitMay 4, 2009
New York, NY
Brian Weldy VP, Engineering and Facility Management
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1,2 CBECS 2003
Energy Intensity and CO2 Emissions Rising Annually
• Hospitals use 836 trillion BTUs of energy annually1
• Hospitals have over 2.5 times the energy intensity and CO2 emissions of commercial office buildings, producing over 30 lbs of CO2 emissions per square foot2
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How Hospitals Use Energy
• In-patient healthcare energy use (by end use)
Source: NREL Analysis
Fans 28%
Cooling16%
Heating13%Water Heat
7%
Lighting 10%
Medical Equip 7%
Computers 3%
Office Equip 7%
Cooking 2%
Refrigeration 2%
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How Hospitals Use Energy
• Discrepancies among sources
Source: Managing Energy Costs in Hospitals: Energy Consumption Data. Platts, 2004 www.bchydro.com/business/investigate/investigate5988.htmlwww.nstaronline.com/business/energy_advisor/CEA_01.asp
Space Heating
26%
Cooking5%
Office Equipment
6%
Water Heating
27%
Ventilation3%
Misc13%
Refrigeration2%
Lighting15%Cooling
3%
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2.75
3.25
3.75
4.25
4.75
5.25
5.75
6.25
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Pric
es ($
/MB
tu)
Energy Prices1
Hospital Energy Intensity1
Hospital Energy Costs1En
ergy
Cos
ts ($
/sqf
t)
Inte
nsity
(kB
tu/s
qft)
1CBECS 2003 2ASHE survey, Health Facilities Management Magazine, June 2006
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1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Escalating Hospital Energy Costs• Rising energy prices and the increasing energy intensity of hospitals
have produced escalating energy costs1
• 91% of hospitals reported higher energy costs over the previous year, and over 50% cited increases in double-digit percentages2
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Loadshape Comparison
Site Id Meter Peak Demand Total Usage Avg Daily
Usage Units Sq.Ft. Daily Usage/Sq.Ft.
Lewis-Gale Electric 2812.1
1,362,668
46,989 kWH
Lewis-Gale Water
3,213,223
110,801 GAL
Commercial Building Energy profile
80 % Load FactorHospital Building Energy profile
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Efficiency/Renewable Strategies and Practices can:
• Reduce carbon footprint and enhance environmental performance
• Dramatically extend power reliability during disasters and emergencies
• Enhance hospital standing as effective, proactive community partner
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Introduction to HCA TodayInternational
Anchorage
NW GA
NortheastC
Terre Haute
Idaho Falls
ColumbusAtlanta
Panhandle**
Orleans
Idaho Falls
Tallahassee
WW
W
Las VegasWW
WSan Jose
W
WesternIdaho
Utah
SouthernCalifornia
Utah
W
Denver
W
WSan AntonioAustin
Dallas/FW
Houston
Kansas City
Oklahoma City
WW
Corpus ChristiMcAllenBrownsville
W
Wichita
WW
W
San AntonioAustin
Dallas/FtW
Wichita
El Paso
New
CentralLouisiana
Lafayette
CNo. VA
C
RichmondCSW VA
CFrankfort
C SW VAFrankfort
Nashville
Frankfort
Tampa
North Central FloridaTreasure Coast
EE
Palm BeachBroward
JacksonvilleColumbus
Panhandle
TerreHaute
Middle GAPalmyra
Trident/CharlestonGrand StrandAugusta
ChattanoogaSW VA
Western GroupCentral GroupEastern Group
Western GroupCentral GroupEastern Group
Central London
WesternIdaho
San Jose
Houston
Kansas City
NW GAAtlanta
Oklahoma City
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The Art and Science of Commissioning
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The Interval Data Project
HCA’s energy monitoring initiative utilized a technology platform specifically configured to monitor our hospitals:
• Energy consumption (Kwh)• Peak Demand (kW)• Natural Gas (CCF)• Fuel Oil (Gals)• Water Consumption (Kgal)
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Mapping Interval Data Technology
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Interval Data Project Locations
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Lewis-Gale Medical Center Salem, VA• Size
– 521 licensed beds– 1400 employees– 420,000 square feet
• Energy Usage/Cost– 362,366 Btu sqft/yr– $4.94 sqft/yr
• Lighting– Interior – T8 fluorescent,
incandescent to compact fluorescent (CFL) conversion 90% complete
– Parking Lots – 277v 400w sub- compact on timer/photo-eye
– Garages – 277v High Pressure Sodium, upper level on timer/photo-eye
Re-commissioningProjected Energy Usage – 341,878 Btu sqft/yrProjected Energy Cost – $4.68 sqft/yr
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MountainView Hospital Las Vegas, NV
• Size– 199 licensed beds– 868 employees– 327,600 square feet
• Energy Usage/Cost– 312,518 Btu sqft/yr – $5.71 sqft/yr
• Lighting– Interior – T8 fluorescent
and CFL – Parking Lots – 277v High
Pressure Sodium on timer– Garages – 277v High Pressure
Sodium, on 24/7
Re-commissioningProjected Energy Usage – 310,328 Btu sqft/yrProjected Energy Cost – $5.67 sqft/yr
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Southern Hills Medical Center Las Vegas, NV
• Size– 199 licensed beds– 868 employees– 293,000 square feet
• Energy Usage/Cost– 287,798 Btu sqft/yr – $5.26 sqft/yr
• Lighting– Interior – T8 fluorescent and
CFL – Parking Lots – 277v Metal
Halide on timer/photo-eye
Re-commissioningProjected Energy Usage – 271,115 Btu sqft/yrProjected Energy Cost – $4.92 sqft/yr
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Trident Health System Charleston, SC
• Size– 390 licensed beds– 1800 employees– 469,000 square feet
• Energy Usage/Cost– 229,324 Btu sqft/yr – $3.82 sqft/yr
• Lighting– Interior – T8 fluorescent,
incandescent to CFL conversion 50% complete
– Parking Lots – 277v Metal Halide on timer/photo-cell
– Garages – 277v Metal Halide, upper level on timer/photo-eye, upgrading lower levels’ controls
Re-commissioningProjected Energy Usage – 210,078 Btu sqft/yrProjected Energy Cost- $3.59 sqft/yr
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University Hospital & Medical Center Tamarac, FL
• Size• 317 licensed beds• 900 employees• 188,200 square feet
• Energy Usage/Cost– 405,009 Btu sqft/yr – $5.77 sqft/yr
• Lighting– Interior – T8 fluorescent
and CFL– Parking Lots – 277v High
Pressure Sodium on timer/photo-eye
Re-commissioningProjected Energy Usage – 357,549 BTU sqft/yrProjected Energy Cost – $5.42 sqft/yr
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Voltage Shift Between Phases
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Lighting Control Initiative
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Characteristics of the Space• East Entrance of Good
Samaritan Hospital, San Jose – a daylit space chosen as trial site for wireless lighting controls:– Lamps installed in 14 lighting
bays– Half of the lamps are tied to a
single switch on the corridor wall; other half are connected to 24-hour mains
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Zigbee Network Technology
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Installed Control StrategyInstalled Control StrategyLighting ScheduleLighting Schedule•• 5 AM 5 AM -- all lamps onall lamps on•• 1 hour after sunrise 1 hour after sunrise -- all lamps offall lamps off•• 1 hour before sunset 1 hour before sunset -- all lamps onall lamps on•• 8 PM 8 PM -- nonnon--egress lamps offegress lamps off•• Controlled lamps off at corridor Controlled lamps off at corridor
close, leaving only 24close, leaving only 24--hour hour lightinglighting
• Zigbee network lighting controls installed in East Entrance light fixtures:– All control strategies and
schedules are configurable via wireless signals
– Morning and evening hours – area lighted via all/subset of controlled lights
– After hours – all controlled lights shut off – wall switches controlling half of lamps are disabled, allowing wireless lighting network to remain on
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Medical Equipment
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How a CT Uses Energy
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Lighting and the Healing Environment
• Specialty lighting and ambience lighting• Lighting solutions must take into consideration
the patient treatment environment • NICU, Nursing Home…..
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Lighting in Healthcare
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Help the Purchasing Department
“See the Light”
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© B. Alan Whitson, RPA
Lamp Watts Mercurymg CRI Avg Life
Hours Initial
Lumens Design Lumens
Lumen Maint.
Lumens per Watt
T12 40 4.4 70 20,000 3,200 2,800 65% 70.0
T12 34 4.4 62 20,000 2,650 2,300 65% 67.7
T8 34 6.0 75 24,000 2,700 2,320 86% 68.2
T8 32 1.7 75 20,000 2,800 2,660 95% 83.1
T8 32 1.7 85 24,000 3,100 3,000 97% 93.8
T8 32 1.7 85 36,000 2,950 2,800 95% 87.5
T8 32 1.7 85 46,000 2,950 2,800 95% 87.5
T8 25 1.7 85 46,000 2,600 2,330 97% 93.2
T5 28 1.4 85 20,000 2,900 2,750 95% 98.2
T5 HO 54 1.4 85 25,000 5,000 4,750 95% 88.0
$2.26
$5.00
Linear Fluorescent Lamps 4 Foot
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Monthly Cost of Ownership
© B. Alan Whitson, RPA
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120
24,000 Hrs 46,000 Hrs
1,000 Sockets - 24/7/365 Operation - 10¢ KWH - 2.5% Inflation - Group Re-Lamp @ 75% Rated Life
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Total Cost of Ownership – 10 Years
© B. Alan Whitson, RPA
$0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000
46,000 Hrs
24,000 Hrs
Lamp Labor Recycle Energy
24,000 Hrs 46,000 Hrs Reduction Percentage
Lamps – Total Used 5,000 3,000 2,000 40%TCO – Total for 10 Yrs. $357,691 $268,632 $89,059 25%TCO – Present Value $283,155 $213,853 $69,302 25%Energy – kWh 2,978,400 2,190,000 788,400 27%CO2 – Tons 2,383 1,752 631 27%Mercury – mg 22,000 5,100 16,900 77%
1,000 Sockets - 10¢ KWH - 2.5% Inflation - 5% Discount Rate
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What are barriers to lighting system retrofits?
• Fewer capital dollars• Continued pressure to reduce facility operating
costs• Access to favorable financing and returns
Will Performance Contracting emerge as the funding mechanism for lighting retrofits in
healthcare?
Lighting / Controls Supplier Summit
What cost barriers have you encountered in applying new
lighting technologies?
• LED lighting is an expensive first cost• For interior application of LED – for similar
lighting level the appearance isn't there yet
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What do your hospitals need from vendors to help you overcome identified technology barriers?
• Using the correct bulb type and bulb combinations
• Easy to install retrofit kits to existing fixtures with a clear understanding and agreement on payback analysis
• Optimizing natural lighting, zone sensors, light scheduling, multi-level lighting
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What tech or service areas are your vendors currently not serving where you see value in exploring?
• Optimizing natural lighting• Zone sensors• Light scheduling• Multi-level lighting
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The Challenge Begins…
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Energy Conservation vs. Energy Efficiency
Energy Conservation - Means, methods, technology and processes that consume less energy – in other words…
KIDS – TURN OFF THE LIGHTS!
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Energy Efficiency vs. Energy Conservation
Energy Efficiency - A device, product or system that uses less energy to obtain a desired result compared to less energy efficient alternatives – in other words…..
KIDS – LET’S INSTALL SOMELIGHTING THAT USES LESS
ENERGY!
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When designing lighting solutions we sometimes try a one-size-fits-all approach.
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Why doesn’t this work?
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The FACE of Design
• Function• Aesthetics• Cost• Efficiency
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The FACE of Design
Function – the job that needs done
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The FACE of Design
Function – the job that needs doneAesthetics – the emotional impact
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The FACE of Design
Function – the job that needs doneAesthetics – the emotional impactCost – the referee
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The FACE of Design
Function – the job that needs done
Aesthetics – the emotional impact
Cost – the refereeEfficiency – the comparison of
alternatives
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There is no perfect one-size- fits-all lighting solution.
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The Journey – A Story of Determination