Horticultural Geography

Cem Günay

1. Climate2. Climatic Regions

Tropical and SubtropicalDry Climate (Arid, Semi-Arid)Temperature Zone

4. Distribution of Selected Fruit Crops5. Plant Hardiness Zones

Definition USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map Arnold Arboretum Map Floradapt Map based on Minimum Temperatues

1. ClimateA. Climate if affected by:

a. Latitudeb. Circulation of atmosphere and ocean current

B. Components:a. Temperatureb. Moisture (Precipitation)c. Light

C. Microclimate:a. The climate of ‘small’ areab. Location vs. site:

- Location: geographic, climatic area

- Site: microclimate within a location

D. Ecology:a. Study of life forms in relation to environmentb. Climate influences distribution of horticultural crops and industry

2. Climatic Regions

A. Tropical RegionsB. Subtropical RegionsC. Dry ClimateD. MediterraneanE. Temperate ZoneF. Mountain (Tundra)

Climatic Zones of the World

A.Tropical and Subtropical Climate

a. Hot and wet all year round

b. Low light under tree canopy

B. Dry Climatea. Arid regions

b. Semi-arid regions

Semi-Arid Climate - Low annual precipitation - Sonoran Desert of the Southwest

C. Mediterranean Climate

A. Climate: Mild wintersDry hot summers

B. Regions: Italy, Southern France, SpainCoastal California

D. Temperate Zone Climate - Deciduous trees and shrubs - Distinctive four seasons

E. Mountain Climate (Tundra)

- Very cold year round

Central-North; Cereals, rice, vegetables, pulses, fruits

Aegean; Olives, grapes, cotton, tobacco, pulses, vegetables, tubers

Marmara Sunflower, rice, roots, sugar beets

North-East Fodder, wheat, tubers, pulses, livestock

South-East Fodder, cereals, tubers, vegetables, pulses, grapes, livestock, pistachio, fruits

Black Sea Hazelnuts, tea, rice, tobacco

Central-East Fodder, cereals, fruits, tobacco, sugar beets

Central-South Cereals, sugar beets, grapes, pulses, vegetables, tubers, livestock

HORTICULTURE ENTERPRISES

GÖKHAN AKKAYA & OĞUZ GÜRKAN

SUPPORTS FOR AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

In order to benefit from enterprise incentive-

first ‘’Enterprise Incentive Certificate’’ should be organized. Incentive certificate, enterprise characteristic values , comprising investment Minimum requirements determined in accordance with the realization case registered on the support elements take advantage of the opportunity, allowing the decision for the purposes will be held for enterprise is a document prepared.

The State Enterprises Incentives

To the size of the enterprise, depending on the enterprise certificate to the subject and is utilized with the following rights:

Customs Tax Exemption KDV Exemption, Support for Income Tax Withholding, Support employers' share of insurance

premiums, Enterprise Location Allocation, Interest Support, Insurance Premium Support, KDV refund, Tax Rebate

In order to take advantage of the support elements of the enterprises of fixed enterprise amount, due to the presence in Turkey's 2nd district, are required to have 77 million Dolar.

Need to be able to benefit from investment incentives Fixed Investment Amount

Turkey supported under the Agricultural Sector and Regional Incentives minimum enterprise or the amount of capacity is given in the following table:

REGIONAL INCENTIVES

Sectors that will benefit from regional incentives

Minimum Enterprise Amount or Capacity

Integrated farming enterprises (including integrated breeding investments)

10 million $

Food products and beverages 20 million $

Of aquaculture (including fish fry and egg production)

10 million $

Cold storage services 1.000.000 m²

licensed warehouse 20 million $

Greenhouse 4.000 dectar

AESTHETICS

OF HORTICULTURE

Damla Çevik

Horticulture is the science and art of producing, improving, marketing, and using fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. It differs from botany and other plant sciences in that horticulture incorporates both science and aesthetics.

Flowers and ornamental plants enrich our homes and communities, and contribute to our sense of well-

being.

THANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTION