HOOKED ON MNEMONICS: It worked for me
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HOOKED ON MNEMONICS:It worked for me
Karen Galassi-FerrerEast Chapel Hill High School
Ken StewartChapel Hill High School
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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What are mnemonics?
Mnemonics are cognitive devices used to improve memory and to recall
important concepts by linking unfamiliar information to familiar
information (Meece, 2002).
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Why use mnemonics?
Krashen explains the need to make rules more “learnable” and “simple”. Rules need to be made easy enough for the brain to remember (1983).
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Types of Mnemonics
• Acronyms
• Acrostics
• Narratives
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Acronyms
Acronyms-a word formed out of the first letters of a series of words
Ex. Great Lakes
HOMES-Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior
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Acrostics
Acrostics-phrases in which the first letter of each word functions as a cue
to help you recall information
Ex. Order of notes on a musical scale-Every good boy does fine.-
EGBDF
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Narratives
Narratives-words that create a story that include the words to
be remembered in the appropriate order.
Example to follow in discussion of subjunctive mnemonics.
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Spanish 1-Estar vs. Ser
• Estar vs. Ser– P -T– L -O– A -P– C -P– E -I
-C -T
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Estar vs. Ser
Estar• Position• Location• Action• Condition• Emotion
Ser• Time• Origin• Profession• Possession• Identification• Classification• Trait
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Spanish 2-Preterite vs. Imperfect
Preterite• S• I• M• B• A
Imperfect• C• H• E• A• T• E• D
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PRETERITE vs. IMPERFECTSIMBA CHEATED
• S ingle action• I nterruption• M ain event• B eginning action• A rrivals/ departures
• C haracteristics/Description
• H ealth• E motion• A ge• T ime• E ndless activities• D ate
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Affirmative Tú commands
• Víctor, VEN• Set SAL• Down DI• The TEN• V VE• H HAZ• S SÉ• Please PON
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Spanish 3-Para vs. Por
Para• C• C• U• P• I• D• D
Por• Everything else!
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Para vs. Por
Para• Career• Considering• Use• Purpose/Goal• In order to (infinitive)• Destination• Deadline
Por• Everything else!
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PARA is P E R F E C T
• P urpose- Lo hizo para ganar dinero.
• E ffect- Estudia para maestro.
• R ecipient – El regalo es para mamá.
• F uture- La tarea es para el lunes.
• E mployment- Carlos trabaja para IBM.
• C omparison- Para un gato es inteligente.
• T oward- Pablo camina para el parque.
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Irregular Past Participles Revv Mac just received his PhD.
• Roto• Escrito• Vuelto• Visto• Muerto• Abierto• Cubierto• Puesto• Hecho• Dicho/Descubierto
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IRREGULAR VERBS- Present Subjunctive
• D dar dé
• I ir vaya
• S ser sea
• H haber haya
• E estar esté
• S saber sepa
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Spanish 4-When do I use the subjunctive?
With WEDDING verbs• W ish, want• E motion• D oubt (No creer, No pensar)• D enial• I mpersonal Expression• N egation, non-existing• G od (Ojalá) / Guess
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Other variations
• Wish/want
• Emotion
• Impersonal
• Recommendation
• Doubt/denial
• Ojalá
•Wish/want
•Advice
•Suggestion
•Preference
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Versión en español
• (Y) Impersonales• Avisos• Deseos• Ojalá• Negación• Dudas• Emoción• ¿Existencia?
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ESCAPA= ¡Use subjuntivo!
Cláusulas adverbiales
• E n caso de que
• S in que
• C on tal (de) que
• A ntes (de) que
• P ara que
• A menos que
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¿Subjuntivo? Ask yourself-- Has the action happened yet?
• L uego que… C• A sí que…/A fin de que. . . H• T an pronto como… Or… A• C uando… D• H asta que… A• E n cuanto… T• D espués de que… E
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ALSO…
• That = Tan pronto como
• Dog = Después de que
• Can’t = Cuando
• Eat = En cuanto
• Hay = Hasta que
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Narrative Mnemonic
• Subjunctive in adverbial clauses:
Pepe y Elena han estado casados por varios años. Pepe es muy desordenado, y Elena se enoja mucho con él. Ella siempre le grita, y él dice “¡¡IADONDEE ESCAPA(R)!!” Entonces, Pepe sale de la casa y le dice a Elena que deje la puerta unLATCHED.
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V O C E S = ¡No use el subjuntivo!
• V erdad que…
• O bvio que…
• C ierto/Claro que…
• E vidente que…
• S eguro que…• NEGATIVE “VOCES,” however do use the
subjunctive