Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back
description
Transcript of Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back
![Page 1: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back
![Page 2: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Neuron Questions• What is a neuron and what is its function?• Describe the main parts of a neuron and their
roles.• What is an action potential? • What does this mean: “an action potential is
an all or nothing event”?• Explain why neural communication is both
electrical and chemical.• What chemicals are involved in neural
communication?
![Page 3: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Neuron:The cell of the nervous system.Dendrites, Cell body (or soma), Axon, Myelin sheath, Nodes of Ranvier, Terminal buttons, Synapse(s), Other structures?
![Page 4: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Neurotransmitter (NT):A natural chemical in our nervous system that transmits infoAgonist:A drug (or poison) that enhances or mimics the activity of a NTAntagonist:A drug (or poison) that reduces the activity of a NT
![Page 5: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Agonist: A drug (or poison) that enhances the activity of a NTAntagonist:A drug (or poison) that reduces the activity of a NT
Khan Academy: Agonists and Antagonists
![Page 6: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Different neurotransmitters do different things!Acetylcholine (ACh):NT that affects learning and memory (in the brain), and movement (in muscles)Alzheimer’s patients have lower levels of ACh.
This American Life: A Trip Down Memory Lane
![Page 7: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Botulinum poison:An antagonist that blocks the release of Ach, can paralyze diaphragm musclesand stop breathing
Botox: Before and After
![Page 8: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Curare:Antagonist for Ach, leads to paralysis.S. American Indians use it for hunting.
Black widow spider poison:Ach agonist, causes flood of Ach, the Ach runs out
S. American Indian Hunters
![Page 9: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dopamine:Reward and motivationRewarding/pleasurable: eating, drinking, sexMotor control over voluntary Low levels Parkinson’s
Parkinson’s treatments can cause symptoms of schizophrenia (losing touch with reality, hallucinations, false beliefs, etc.)
Michael J Fox Interview
This American Life: Schizophrenia
![Page 10: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Amphetamines and cocaine:Dopamine ____________ “High” arousal state followed by a crash
Other dopamine agonists:Painkillers, caffeine, nicotine
![Page 11: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Serotonin:Emotional states, impulsiveness, dreaming
Norepinephrine:Alertness, higher mood level
Low levels of these NTs are related to depression, sadness/anxiety, food cravings, and aggressive behavior.
Antidepressants are ____________ for them, as well as drugs for eating disorders, OCD, and obesity.
Ex. Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Cymbalta, Pristiq, and Effexor
![Page 12: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid):the main inhibitory NT, keeps brain from getting too aroused/over-excitedLowers arousal/anxiety and helps regulate movement
Antianxiety drugs (tranquilizers) are ____________ for GABA
Glutamate:the main excitatory NT, memory storage and pain perception
High levels can cause neuron death, low levels can cause comaGlutamate may be linked to schizophrenia
![Page 13: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Endorphins:NT involved in pain relief and pleasure
Higher endorphins levels have been found in runners post-marathons and in women during childbirth
Morphine and heroin mimic endorphins, and cause a release of dopamine
Is it linked to acupuncture?
![Page 14: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Nervous System
Central NS (CNS)
Brain:Control
center for entire NS
Spinal Cord: Connects
brain and PNS, and enables
reflexes
Peripheral NS (PNS)
Somatic NS:Senses CNS
CNS Muscles
Autonomic NS:Involuntary,
controls organs and glands
Sympathetic NS:“Fight-or-flight”
systemControls body when
aroused
Parasympathetic NS:“Rest-and-digest”
systemControls the body during normal rest
state
![Page 15: Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070422/568164d9550346895dd722f1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Think deeply and answer completely. Do not copy the questions.Identify the parts labeled:1. A: ___________________2. B: ___________________3. C: ___________________4. What are neurotransmitters?5. What does an agonist do to a
neurotransmitter?6. What does an antagonist do to a
neurotransmitter?7. Would a message travel faster in an axon with
or without myelin?8. Respond to this quote:
Love is just a chemical being released in our brain.
A
BC