Homework - Chapter 14 Chem 2320cactus.dixie.edu/smblack/chem2320/ch14/HW_Ch14.pdf · Homework -...
Transcript of Homework - Chapter 14 Chem 2320cactus.dixie.edu/smblack/chem2320/ch14/HW_Ch14.pdf · Homework -...
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Homework - Chapter 14Chem 2320
Name _______________________________
1. Label each alcohol in the the following compounds as primary, secondary, tertiary, enol, or aryl.
a) b)
c) d)
e) f)
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
a) Enols are in equilibrium with their __________________ or ___________________ form.
b) Compounds which contain a C-S-H bonding sequence are called __________________.
c) The alcohol which can cause blindness if ingested is ____________________.
d) An aryl alcohol may also be referred to as a ____________________.
e) An alcohol containing a C=C in any location is referred to as a(n) ______________________ alcohol.
f) The oxygen in an alcohol always has an _________ hybridization.
g) The most common characteristic of thiols is their _________________________________.
h) Isopropanol is often used for __________________________.
i) An aromatic alcohol is one containing a(n) __________________________.
j) The alcohol in alcoholic drinks is called _______________________.
k) An enol must have ______________________________________.
l) Alcohols with _______________________________ or ___________________________ are usually soluble in water.
m) When an alcohol reacts with a base, a(n) __________________ is formed.
n) When an alcohol reacts with an acid, a(n) __________________________ is formed.
2. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences.
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3. Match up the following compounds with the spectra shown below. Label ALL important bands!
OH
HOOH
OH
OH
A B C D
HW Ch 14 p 2
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HW Ch 14 p 3
4. Match up the following alcohols with the formula C6H14O with the 1H NMR data given below. Sketch each spectrum, and match up the peaks with H's in the structure of the compound you have chosen. Not all compounds will be used!
2-ethyl-1-butanol3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol2-methyl-1-pentanol4-methyl-1-pentanol4-methyl-2-pentanol
a) b)
c) d)
e) f)
a - 0.8 ppm, 3H, tb - 0.9 ppm, 3H, dc - 1.2 ppm, 2H, quintd - 1.6 ppm, 1H, m(8)e - 1.9 ppm, 2H, qf - 2.7 ppm, 1H, bsg - 3.7 ppm, 2H, t
a - 0.9 ppm, 9H, sb - 1.7 ppm, 2H, tc - 2.5 ppm, 1H, bsd - 3.7 ppm, 2H, t
3-methyl-1-pentanol3-methyl-2-pentanol1-hexanol2-hexanol3-hexanol
a - 1.0 ppm, 3H, tb - 1.1 ppm, 3H, dc - 1.2 ppm, 2H, m(6)d - 1.4 ppm, 2H, quinte - 1.6 ppm, 2H, qf - 3.1 ppm, 1H, bsg - 3.7 ppm, 1H, m(6)
a - 0.9 ppm, 6H, db - 1.4 ppm, 2H, qc - 1.6 ppm, 1H, m(9)d - 1.9 ppm, 2H, quinte - 2.2 ppm, 1H, bsf - 3.6 ppm, 2H, t
a - 0.9 ppm, 6H, tb - 1.3 ppm, 4H, quintc - 1.8 ppm, 1H, bsd - 2.2 ppm, 1H, m(7)e - 3.4 ppm, 2H, d
a - 0.9 ppm, 3H, t b - 1.1 ppm, 3H, tc - 1.3 ppm, 2H, m(6)d - 1.8 ppm, 2H, qe - 1.9 ppm, 2H, quintf - 2.1 ppm, 1H, bsg - 3.6 ppm, 1H, quint
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HW Ch 14 p 4
5. Circle the compound in each pair which has the higher boiling point, and briefly explain why.
a)
b)
c)
d)
OH OH
O
OH
OHHO FHO
OH
OH
6. Circle the compound in each pair which is more acidic. Then give a brief explanation of why.
a)
b)
c)
d)
OH
OH
OH OH
OHOH
OH OH
OH
OH
OH
SH
OHe)
f)
g)
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OH
Cl
OH
OH
OH2
OH
Cl
NaH
OH H2SO4
O H3O+
OH NaOH
SH
OH
NaOH
2 K
OH NaOH
OH
O H2O
OH2 H2O
HW Ch 14 p 5h) rubbing alcoholwater
7. Give all products of the following acid-base reactions. Then indicate whether products or reactants (or neither) are favored by the equilibrium.
a)
d)
e)
f)
+
+
+
+
j)
h)
+
+
i)
j)
b) +
c) +
i) +
g) +
Na
2
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HW Ch 14 p 6
8. Draw structures for the following alcohols.
a) b)
c) d)
e) f)
butyl alcohol allyl alcohol
sec-butyl alcohol
tert-butyl alcohol benzyl alcohol
isopropyl alcohol
9. Name the following compounds.
a) b)
c) d)
e) f)
OH
OH
OH
HO
OH
OH
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HW Ch 14 p 7
10. Draw structures for the following compounds.
a) dicyclopropylmethanol b) 1-cyclobutyl-4-penten-2-ol
g) h)
i) j)
Cl
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH Br
OH
k) l)OH
HO
OH
OH
c) trans-4-(2-butenyl)-3-isopropyl-1-cyclohexanol d) (S)-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol
e) 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1-cyclopentanol f) 3-chloro-4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-isopropyl-2-cyclobuten-1-ol
Cl
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Br
Cl
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
HW Ch 14 p 8
11. Give reagents which would convert the following compounds to the alcohol shown.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
O
O
OH
OH
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HW Ch 14 p 9
12. Indicate whether the following transformations represent an oxidation or reduction and explain why.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
OH O
OH
O
H
O
NH2
N
OH
O
O
O
g)
NH2
O
NH2
O
O
h) OH
j)
k)
l)
OH O
H
S
O
S
O
O
N NH
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H
O
O
O
O
CH3OH
NaBH4
NaBH4
OH
O
O
O
O
OO
OH
O
H
O
H
O
O
OO
NaBH4
CH3OH
NaBH4
CH3OH
NaBH4
OH
HW Ch 14 p 10
13. Give the products of the following reactions.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
1. LiAlH4
2. H3O+
1. LiAlH4
2. H3O+
1. LiAlH4
2. H3O+
1. LiAlH4
2. H3O+
H2, Pd/C
H
O
j)
Raney Ni
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HW Ch 14 p 11
Br MgBr OH Li
14. Label the dipole in the following molecules.
MgBr
MgBr
MgI
MgCl
Li
Li
Li
Li
15. Give starting materials and reagents to show how the following organometallic reagents could be formed.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
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HW Ch 14 p 12
Li
MgBr
O H
OH H
MgCl
Li
MgI
OD D
H3C O H
H
16. Give ALL of the products of the following reactions. Draw arrows to show how the reaction takes place.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Li
Li
MgCl
MgBr
H
O
O
HH
Li
O
O
H
O
OH HH
OH HH
OH HH
OH HH
OH HH
17. Give the products of the following reactions. Draw arrows to show how the reaction occurs.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
+
+
+
+
+
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HW Ch 14 p 13
O
Cl
MgCl
O
O
MgCl O HO
HO
OH
OH
18. Show the mechanism by which the following products were formed, including all steps, arrows, electron pairs, and formal charges!
a)
b)
c)
2
2. H3O+
1.
2. H3O+
+ MgCl2 + H2O
+ 2 Li+ + 2 H2O
2. H3O++ Mg+2 + Cl- + H2O
H3C Li2 eq
Li
H
O
a)
b
1. CH3MgBr
2. H3O+
1. formaldehyde
2. H3O+
19. Give the final product of the following reactions.
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HW Ch 14 p 14
MgClH
O
LiO
c)
d)
2. H3O+
2. H3O+
+
1.
Li
MgCl
Li
Cl
O
MgBr
MgBr
MgBr
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Cl
O
O
O
MgI
O
O
Li
Li
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
+
+
+
2. H3O+
2. H3O+
2. H3O+
2
2
+ 22. H3O+
+ 22. H3O+
2. H3O+
2. H3O+
2 +
2. H3O+
1. 2
2. H3O+
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HW Ch 14 p 15
20. Show all reagents that would be necessary to perform the following reactions. If more than one arrow is written, it means that there is more than one step.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
Br OH
O
O
OH+ CH3OH
O OH
Cl OH
OH
OH
Cl
O OH
OH
O
OH
O
O OH
j)
O O
+ H2O
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HW Ch 14 p 16
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
q)
r)
s)
t)
OH
HO+
ClOH
Br
OH
H H
OO
OHHO
O
O
O
O
OOH
H
O OH
O
HO
HO OH
I2
u)
Br
OH
2 Br
OH
p)
Cl