Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose
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Transcript of Homeostatic Regulation of Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose
Homeostatic Regulation of
Blood Calcium and Blood Glucose
Part 1. Regulation of Blood Glucose
(“Sugar”)
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations
Slide 2
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 3
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 4
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
Increased rate ofglucose transportinto target cells
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 6
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
Increased rate ofglucose transport
into target cell
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
Increased conversionof glucose to glycogen(liver, skeletal muscle)
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 7
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
Increased rate ofglucose transport
into target cell
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
Increased conversionof glucose to glycogen(liver, skeletal muscle)
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 9
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
Increased rate ofglucose transport
into target cell
Blood glucoseconcentration
declines
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels
HOMEOSTASISRESTOREDHOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl)
Increased conversionof glucose to glycogen(liver, skeletal muscle)
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 10
HOMEOSTASISNormal glucose
levels(70-110 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 11
HOMEOSTASISNormal glucose
levels(70-110 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
Alpha cellssecrete
glucagon
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 12
HOMEOSTASISNormal glucose
levels(70-110 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
Increased breakdownof glycogen to glucose(liver, skeletal muscle)
Alpha cellssecrete
glucagon
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 14
HOMEOSTASISNormal glucose
levels(70-110 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
Increased breakdownof glycogen to glucose(liver, skeletal muscle)
Increased synthesisand release ofglucose (liver)
Alpha cellssecrete
glucagon
Blood glucoseconcentration
rises
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 15
HOMEOSTASISNormal glucose
levels(70-110 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
Increased breakdownof glycogen to glucose(liver, skeletal muscle)
Increased synthesisand release ofglucose (liver)
Alpha cellssecrete
glucagon
Blood glucoseconcentration
rises
PANCREAS
SE 10-14 The Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentrations Slide 16
Beta cellssecreteinsulin
Increased rate ofglucose transport
into target cell
Blood glucoseconcentration
declines
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising bloodglucose levels HOMEOSTASIS
RESTOREDHOMEOSTASIS
Normal glucoselevels
(70-110 mg/dl) HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Declining bloodglucose levels
Increased breakdownof glycogen to glucose(liver, skeletal muscle)
Increased synthesisand release ofglucose (liver)
Alpha cellssecrete
glucagon
Blood glucoseconcentration
rises
Increased conversionof glucose to glycogen(liver, skeletal muscle)
PANCREAS
PANCREAS
Part 2. Regulation of Blood Calcium (Ca 2+)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations
Slide 2
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 3
Thyroid glandproduces
Calcitonin, a hormone
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 4
Thyroid glandproducescalcitonin
Increased excretionof calciumin kidneys
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 5
Thyroid glandproducescalcitonin
Increased excretionof calciumin kidneys
Calcium deposition inbone
Blood calciumlevels drop
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 6
Thyroid glandproducescalcitonin
Increased excretionof calciumin kidneys
Calcium deposition inbone
Blood calciumlevels drop
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood
HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 7
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations
Slide 8
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 9
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Release of storedcalcium from bone
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 10
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Release of storedcalcium from bone
IncreasedRe-absorption
of calcium in kidneys
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 11
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Release of storedcalcium from bone
IncreasedRe-absorption
of calcium in kidneys
Increased Ca2+
absorption bydigestive tract
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
Blood calciumlevels
increase
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 12
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Release of storedcalcium from bone
Increasedreabsorption
of calcium in kidneys
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
Blood calciumlevels
increase
Increased Ca2+
absorption bydigestive tract
SE 10-10 The Homeostatic Regulation of Calcium Ion Concentrations Slide 1
Thyroid glandproducescalcitonin
Increased excretionof calciumin kidneys
Calcium deposition inbone (inhibitionof osteoclasts)
Uncertain significancein a healthy
nonpregnant adult
Blood calciumlevels decline
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Rising calciumlevels in blood
HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASIS
Normal calciumlevels
(8.5-11 mg/dl)
HOMEOSTASISRESTORED
HOMEOSTASISDISTURBED
Falling calciumlevels in blood
Release of storedcalcium from bone
(stimulation ofosteoclasts, inhibition
of osteoblasts)
Enhancedreabsorption
of calcium in kidneys
Stimulation ofcalcitriol production
at kidneys;enhanced Ca2+, PO4
3-
absorption bydigestive tract
Parathyroidglands secrete
parathyroidhormone (PTH)
Blood calciumlevels
increase