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Transcript of Home Fossil Fuel Nuclear Power Background Nuclear Wind Hydroelectric Types of Electricity Generation...
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Fossil Fuel
Nuclear Power BackgroundNuclear
WindHydroelectric
Types of Electricity Generation
Solar
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Turbine
Water
Steam
Magnet
Metal Wire
E
EE
EE
Generator
EE
1. Burn fossil fuel to make heat2. Use heat to boil water and make steam3. Use steam to spin an enormous turbine4. The turbine spins huge magnets in the generator, making electricity How a fossil
fuel power plant works
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Fossil Fuel
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A coal fired power plant
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Another coal power plant
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Coal pile next to plant
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Turbine
Magnet
Metal Wire
E
EE
EE
Generator
EE
1. Use water to spin an enormous turbine2. The turbine spins huge magnets in the generator, making electricity
How a hydroelectric power plant works
Water trapped by dam
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The inside of a hydroelectric
plant
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Magnet
Metal Wire
E
EE
EE
Generator
EE
Home
1. Use wind to spin an enormous turbine2. The turbine spins huge magnets in the generator, making electricity
How a wind power plant
works
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Some windmills
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To understand how a nuclear power plant works, you need to remember a little bit about how atoms are put together…
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NP
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First some background: everything is made of atoms –
including this pencil
No
. 2
Wood
magnified 10 times
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The wood is made of cellsCells
magnified 1000 times
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Cells have parts inside them, like DNA
DNA
magnified 10,000,000
times
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DNA and everything else are made of atoms
O
H
Atoms
CCH
CC
magnified 50,000,000
times
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Atoms are made of a few parts: protons, electrons, and neutrons
O
H
CC
H
CC
PNP
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NP
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The protons and neutrons are stuck together in the center of the atom; this center is called the nucleus.
PNP
N
NP
The basic parts of an atom
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P
N Neutron (0)
Proton (+)
Electron (-)
There is a lot of space between electrons and the nucleus.
The electrons spin around the outside of the nucleus.
Key
E
E
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PNP
PN N
NN
N
PPP
If you break an atom’s nucleus apart, it gives off some heat energy
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PP
PN
NN N
NN
PPP
If you break an atom’s nucleus apart, it gives off some heat energy
N
Neutron “bullet”
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NN
NN
PP
NN
N
PP
N
P
P
N
N NN N
PPP
PN
NN
PP
PNP
PN
NN
PPP P
PP
NN
N
PP
PN
N
PPP
PNP
P NN
N
P
NN
When you break apart a large atom like uranium, 3 neutrons get separated
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N
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These neutrons that get knocked off can bump into other atoms and break them apart too…
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P
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N
NN
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P
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N
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P
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P
P
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N
N
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N
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P
P
P
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N
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P
P
NP
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N
P
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PP
P
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PP
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This is called a nuclear chain reaction
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Multiplying by 3 speeds up quickly
Round Nuclear Explosions
Reset
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Turbine
Water
Steam
Magnet
Metal Wire
E
EE
EE
Generator
EE
1. Split uranium atoms to make heat2. Use heat to boil water and make steam3. Use steam to spin an enormous turbine4. The turbine spins huge magnets in the generator, making electricity How a nuclear
power plant works
Home
Uranium
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How solar power works
Sun
Rays of sunlight
When light hits the photovoltaic cell, electrons are knocked loose from the atoms inside it, creating
electricity.
Solar panel (made out of photovoltaic cells)
E
E
E
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Some solar
panels