Emotional Privation - Institutionalisation

LO: To understand the effects of institutionalisation on attachment, using

Hodges and Tizard’s study

Privation and Institutionalised Children:

Key Words: Privation, Institutionalisation

Key Study: Hodges and Tizard, 1989

HW:

Explain how institutionalisation can affect the attachment of children (4 marks)

Evaluate research into the effects of institutionalisation on children’s attachment (4 marks)

DUE TOMORROW PERIOD 5

Starter: Bowlby suggested that being deprived of your main

caregiver can have lasting effects on your relationships.

What do you think would be the effects of having never formed a relationship with one primary caregiver?

Would it matter if you had bonded with lots of different people?

Hodges and Tizard (1989)Aim: To examine the effects of emotional privation on 65 children

brought up in a care home until they were around 4 years old…

TO TEST THE MATERNAL DEPRIVATION HYPOTHESIS!TO TEST THE MATERNAL DEPRIVATION HYPOTHESIS!

Institutionalisation: Institutionalisation: behaviour shown by children who have been behaviour shown by children who have been raised in places such as children’s homes or ophanages. They may raised in places such as children’s homes or ophanages. They may have attachments to many different members of staff but not one have attachments to many different members of staff but not one personperson

Looking at emotional privation, not physical like the previous Looking at emotional privation, not physical like the previous research research

Method: Longitudinal Natural Experiment. Series of case studies

Also - interviews

ProcedureThe care home had a particular policy against caregivers

forming attachments with the children – what would this imply???

By the age of 4 years, 24 of the institutionalised children had been adopted, 15 restored to their original homes. The rest remained in the institution

Assessment of the IV included interviewing the children at ages 8 and 16. Their parents, teachers and peers were also interviewed.

Info was also gathered on a control groupSee additional sheet for further information

FindingsSimilaritiesSimilarities DifferencesDifferences Outside the family, both groups Outside the family, both groups were more likely to seek attention were more likely to seek attention and approval from adults than the and approval from adults than the control groupcontrol group

They were both less successful They were both less successful in their peer relationships than the in their peer relationships than the control childrencontrol children

SUPPORTS MDHSUPPORTS MDH

The adopted children had close The adopted children had close attachments to their parents and attachments to their parents and families, whereas the restored families, whereas the restored children did not. children did not.

CONTRADICTS MDHCONTRADICTS MDH

EvaluationEvaluate Hodges and Tizard’s study under the

following headings…1. Were there any possible confounding variablesconfounding variables?

1.1. SampleSample – some participants dropped out over the years. What effect would this have?

Subject Attrition

-When participants drop out of a study

Lack of motivationConcerns In this study, maladjusted?

Plenary1. Use your handout to visually represent the findings

of Hodges and Tizard

2. Make a conclusion from the findings, based on the MDH

Check your understanding 1. Suggest two advantages of studying extreme

cases of privation, such as the czech twins as a way of learning about the effects of privation

2. Suggest two weaknesses of studying extreme cases as a way of learning about the effects of privation

3. Suggest two ethical issues that might apply to such studies and suggest how the researcher might deal with each of these.