Hodge-Podge

Lymphatic System

Circulatory SystemSensesNervous

System

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Describe what happens during repolarization of a

neuron.

Restoration of the difference in charge

between inside & outside of membrane (K+

outside, Na+ inside)

Where does continuous conduction of action

potentials occur?

Unmyelinated axons

What hollow structures circulate cerebrospinal fluid through the brain?

Ventricles (Lateral-third-aqueduct-fourth)

List the structures involved in a reflex arc in

order.

Receptor, sensory neuron, integration

center, motor neuron, effector

In a quadriplegic, what region of the spine is

injured? In a paraplegic?

Quad cervical; Para below cervical

Define accommodation.

Automatic adjustment of the lens (to change from close to distant vision)

Auditory receptors for sensations are found

where?

Organ of Corti on basilar membrane in cochlea of

inner ear

What inner ear structure maintains balance during

rotation?

Semi-circular canals

What are the names of the auditory ossicles of

the middle ear?

Stapes, incus and malleus

Define otoliths.

Particles of calcium carbonate found in the

inner ear that are used to maintain balance.

Describe the function of the circulatory system.

Transport, protection and maintenance of

temperature

Describe the QRS section of an EKG and what it

represents.

Ventricular depolarization

Trace the path of an action potential through

the heart.

SA node-AV node-bundle of His-branches-Purkinje

fibers

Pulmonary arteries carry blood where in relation to

the heart?

Away from (to the lungs)

Define aneurysm.

Bulge in an artery; artery weakens and can fill with

blood

Give four examples of substance that can act as

antigens.

Bacteria, pollen, food and viruses

What is the difference between cell-mediated and humoral immunity?

Cell-mediated produces T cells; humoral produces B

cells and antibodies

Describe the difference between the first and

second encounter with an antigen in terms of

antibodies.1st takes days to build

antibodies; 2nd is intense and rapid

What is the body’s 1st line of defense in terms of

immunity?

Physical barriers-skin, mucous membranes,

hair, sweat, saliva, tears, gastric juices

What is immunological tolerance?

The body’s ability to recognize self-cells and therefore NOT attack

them.

Describe Boyle’s Law in relation to pulmonary

ventilation.

It is inversely proportional; increase in

volume=decrease in pressure (and vice-versa)

List the components of glomerular filtrate.

Glucose, amino acids, urea

Describe the process of digestion.

Digestion is the process of breaking down food into molecules that are small enough to enter

body cells

List the end products of digestion.

Monosaccharides, amino acids, glycerol and fatty

acids

What are the functions of the large and small

intestines in the digestive tract?

Large- absorb water and eliminate waste from body; small-absorb

nutrients and minerals from food