HNI U - Brace Yourself: Fall Protection and Safety Strategies to Prevent Workplace Injuries
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Transcript of HNI U - Brace Yourself: Fall Protection and Safety Strategies to Prevent Workplace Injuries
BRACE YOURSELF: FALL PROTECTION AND SAFETY STRATEGIES TO PREVENT
WORKPLACE INJURIESPatrick Harel
Capital Safety, a 3M [email protected]
Drive change through education.inspiration
DO I REALLY NEED FALL PROTECTION?
• You've carefully thought out all the angles.
• Nothing could possibly go wrong and it wouldn’t happen to me anyway.
• You've done it a thousand times.
• You know what you're doing, it’s what you've been trained to do your whole life.
THINK AGAIN!
STANDARDS
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR 1910 and 1926• Governing Body• Sets and enforces laws
• American National Standard Institute (ANSI) Z359 series various dates• Voluntary compliance board• Sets guidelines for the manufacture of equipment
OSHA DEFINITIONS
• Authorized Person• A person approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type
of duty or duties or to be at a specific location or locations at the jobsite.• Competent Person
• One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
• Qualified Person• One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional
standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.
1: Where was the first use of Fall Protection?1933- Golden Gate Bridge - Netting
4: How many people died during the actual construction of the Hoover Dam? ( First concrete poured in June 1933)
1st was J.G Tierney. Coincidentally, his son, Patrick Tierney, was the last man to die on the dam, 13 years to the day later.
2: What is the “ Half way to Hell Club”?Created by the workers who fell into the net
3: How many members where there?19. 11 workers died from falls
96
TRIVIA
FALL PROTECTION IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Motivators• OSHA 1926.502 Sub-part M• 29 CFR 1910 Sub-part D & I• ANSI• Liability & Due Diligence• Insurance• Ensuring every worker gets
home safely!
STATISTICS
2014 OSHA Violations1. Fall Protection = 7,5152. Hazard Communication = 6,1483. Scaffolding = 4,9684. Respiratory Protection = 3,1475. Powered Indus. Truck = 3,1472015 OSHA Violations6. Fall Protection = 6,7217. Hazard Communication = 5,1928. Scaffolding = 4,2959. Respiratory Protection = 3,30510. Lockout/Tagout = 3,002
CENSUS OF FATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES 2013
Fatal falls, slips, or trips took the lives of 699 workers in 2013
Falls to lower levelSlips/Trips
Falls to a lower level accounted for 574 or about 82% of those fatalities
HIERARCHY OF FALL PROTECTION
1. Eliminate the Hazard
2. Passive Systems (Guardrails/Netting)
3. Fall Restraint/Work Positioning
4. Fall Arrest
5. Administrative Controls
ENGINEERING OUT THE HAZARD
PASSIVE FALL PROTECTION
Ladder 24’ and higher need cage or FP
Railing 30” to 37”
Guardrail 42” +/- 3”
FALL RESTRAINT
Fall restraint system means a fall protection system that prevents the user from falling any distance.
WORK POSITIONING SYSTEM
OSHA 1926.502 (e)• 2 ft. Free fall limit• Anchorage requirement
3000 lbs.• OSHA considers decent
control/rescue systems same as work positioning
FALL ARREST
FALL ARREST CONSIDERATIONS/CONCERNS
• Clearance• Freefall• Rescue• Energy Absorption• Obstructions• Total Weight ( person + equipment)• Understanding the Equipment and
it’s Limitations Site
Personal
62-594 Rev. B
ANATOMY OF A FALL
• It takes most people about 1/3 of a second to become aware.• It takes another 1/3 of a
second for the body to react.• A body can fall up to 7 feet in
2/3 of a second.
.33sec./2 feet
.67sec./7 feet
1 sec./16 feet
2 sec./64 feet
10ft – 17MPH
20ft – 24MPH
30ft - 30MPH
40ft – 35MPH
COMPONENTS OF A FALL ARREST SYSTEM
ANCHORS
BODY SUPPORT DESCENT/RESCUE
CONNECTORS
ANCHORAGES
ANCHORAGE CLASSES
Certified (Engineered) Non-Certified (Improvised)
2 to 1 safety factorAs low as 1800 lbs. for OSHA & ANSI
Requires 5000 lbs
ANCHORS … 5,000 IBS.
Impact ForceM.A.F.
Maximum Arresting Force
Strength and Stability
ANCHORAGE CONNECTORS
BODY SUPPORT
BELT VS. HARNESS
OSHA 1926.502 (d):“Effective Jan. 1,
1998, body belts are not acceptable as part
of a personal fall arrest system...”
PROPER USE OF BELTS
Work Positioning Fall Restraint
OSHA 1926.502
(d):…The use of a body belt in a positioning
device system is
acceptable…
FULL BODY HARNESS
• ANSIFall Arrest(always must have)
• OSHA 1926.502 (d) (16) (ii):• Personal fall arrest systems
shall limit the maximum arresting force on an employee to 1,800 pounds (8 kN) when used with a body harness.
CONNECTORS
Connectors include lanyards, snap-hooks, carabineers, deceleration devices such as SRD’s, ladder climbing systems, vertical & horizontal lifelines and rope grabs
OSHA says…“ [1926.502(e)(5)]: Connecting assemblies shall have a minimum tensile
strength of 5,000 lbs. (22 kN)."
HARDWARE
• (ANSI)-Must be double acting, auto-locking, have 3600 rated gate, rated for 5000 lbs.
• (OSHA)-Must be double acting, Front Load 220lbs, Side Load 330lbs rated for 5000 lbs.
AND REMEMBER, you cannot connect a SNAPHOOK to a CARABINER!!
INCOMPATIBLE CONNECTIONS
NOTE: Large throat snap hooks should not be connected to standard size D-rings or similar objects which will result in a load on the gate if the hook or D-ring twists or rotates, unless the snap hook complies with ANSI Z359.1-2007 or ANSI Z359.12 and is equipped with a 3,600 lb (16 kN) gate. Check the marking on your snap hook to verify that it is appropriate for your application.
LANYARDS
• Many different types of lanyards
• Needs to be able to reduce energy from 5000 lbs force to… • 1800 lbs for OSHA and • 900 lbs for ANSI• less is very common with
shock absorber
SHOCK ABSORBERS
Remember:
• Always connect the shock pack to the Dorsal D-ring
• Make sure you are not exceeding the weight limit of the lanyard
• Never connect two lanyards together
• Always workout Fall Clearance
FALL CLEARANCE
• Lanyards • Measure from anchor point• Formula – LL + DD + HH + C =
RD • LL= Lanyard Length 6 FT• DD= Deceleration Distance 3 ½ FT
(36”)• HH= Height of Suspended Worker 7
FT (Including Harness Stretch)• C= Safety Factor 1 FT• RD= Required fall clearance 17 ½ FT
• Some competitors measure from working surface
• Conservative calculation
SELF RETRACTING DEVICES
SRD/SRLS
SRL - Self Retracting Lanyard SRD - Self Retracting Device
Classes• Class A: A class A SRD will stop the fall within 24” and ensure the forces are
below 1350 lbs.• Class B: a class B SRD will stop the fall within 54” and ensure that the forces are
below 900 lbs.
Types• SRL-R: An SRD with some sort of rescue capability, this could be an incorporated
winch or automatic descent capability.• SRL-LE: An SRD that has been designed for a worker falling over an edge.
• Will have an integral external shock absorber.• Will have a cable that can withstand a sharp edge.
FALL CLEARANCE
• Self Retracting Devices (SRD’s) (Class B)• Measured from working surface • Most SRD’s use 6 ft. as the required
fall clearance distance• RD= TFD+HS+C = 3.5’+1’+1.5’= 6’
Swing falls will add to requiredclearance. As you swing belowanchor point, you get closer to
thelevel below. PENDELUM
FALL CLEARANCE
Nano
Starts at 4 ft.
FALL CONSIDERATIONS
Swing Fall
Obstructions
NEW ANSI SHARP EDGE REQUIREMENTS
Adhering to the most stringent safety standard - ANSI Z359.14• Must have an integral shock absorber.• Must be tested to ensure the cable will not cut on an edge
that is .005” in thickness. • Must still retract and extend after a fall• Locking function must still work after a fall• Must maintain an average arresting force below 900 lbs. And
a peak force below 1800lbs.
SRD – SHARP EDGES
DEFEAT SHARP EDGES EVERY TIME• Sharp edges are found in
many leading edge applications where a traditional lifeline may be cut, shred or snap upon contact.
RESCUE PLAN?
Some Days all you can do is smile and wait for some kind soul to come pull your butt out of the bind you’ve gotten yourself into!
RESCUE SYSTEMS
Rollgliss™ R350™ Rescue Positioning
Device (RPD)
RescueMatic™ Evacuation System
Rollgliss™R550™ Rollgliss™ SRL Rescue
Device
Rollgliss™ Rescue Ladder
SelfRescue
SUSPENSION TRAUMA STRAPS
DOES NOT REPLACE RESCUE!!
1910.151 – Medical Aid suggested in a letter of interpretation
4 to 15 minutes
“if it is potentially life threatening” – 4 minutes
LET’S LOOK AT THE NUMBERS AND MYTHS
6 Feet 4 Feet
Free Fall??? 310
lbs
420 lbs
1800 lbs
900 lbs
MAF???
INSPECTION!!!
How Often???
Authorized???
Competent??
Qualified??
5 Years?? 2Fleet
Fall Clearance???
Weight???
Service Life??
CAPACITY
ENERGY ABSORBING LANYARDS
STANDARD / REGULATION MAXIMUIM ARRESTING FORCE PERMITTED
AVERAGE ARRESTING FORCE PERMITTED
DECELERATION or MAXIMUM ARREST DISTANCE WEIGHT RANGE CLASS/TYPE
OSHA 1910/1926 1800 lbs (8kN) N/A 42” (1.07m)
310 LBS. or if the combined tool and body weight is 310 pounds (140.62 kg) or more,
systems that meet the criteria and protocols
contained in appendix B will be deemed to comply with the provisions of paragraph
(b)(6) only if they are modified appropriately to provide protection for the
extra weight of the employee and tools.
Re: 1915.159(b)Criteria for lifelines,
lanyards, and personal fall arrest systems.
ANSI 359.13 1800 lbs (8kN) 900 lbs (4kN) 54” (1.37m) 130 – 310 LBS. ANSI 359.13 1800 lbs (8kN) 1350 lbs (6kN) 60” 130 – 310 LBS.
CSA Z259.11-054.0 kN - (900 lbs) (Ambient Dry) or (6kN
1350 lbs Wet and Frozen)
N/A 1.2m (3.9 ft) 45 kg (100 lbs) - 115 kg (254 lbs) CLASS E4
CSA Z259.2.2-986.0 kN - (1300 lbs) (Ambient Dry) or (8kn
1800 lbs Wet and Frozen) (8kN) 1800 lbs
N/A 1.75 m (5.7 ft) 90 kg (200 lbs) - 175 kg (386 lbs) CLASS E6
CAPACITY
SELF RETRACTING DEVICES
STANDARD / REGULATION MAXIMUIM ARRESTING FORCE PERMITTED
AVERAGE ARRESTING FORCE PERMITTED
DECELERATION or MAXIMUM ARREST DISTANCE WEIGHT RANGE CLASS/TYPE
OSHA 1910/1926 1800 lbs (8kN) N/A 42” (1.07m)
310 LBS. or if the combined tool and body weight is 310 pounds (140.62 kg) or more,
systems that meet the criteria and protocols contained in
appendix B will be deemed to comply with the provisions of paragraph (b)(6) only if they
are modified appropriately to provide protection for the
extra weight of the employee and tools. Re:
1915.159(b)Criteria for lifelines, lanyards,
and personal fall arrest systems.
ANSI 359.14 1800 lbs (8kN) 900 lbs (4kN) 54” (1.37m) 130 – 310 LBS. CLASS B 1800 lbs (8kN) 1350 lbs (6kN) 24" (610mm) 130 – 310 LBS. CLASS A CSA Z259.2.2-98 (8kN) 1800 lbs N/A (1372mm) 55” (141kg) 310 LBS. TYPE 2 & 3
• Each Manufacture will give there own restrictions in there Instruction Manuals.
• Even though OSHA does not give some of the restrictions in there standards they will always say you MUST FOLLOW MANUFACTURES GUIED LINES
*If using Diablo with rebar hook configuration, Diablo must always be worn at harness dorsal D-ring. Rebarhook must ONLY be connected to compatible structural rebar.
AN “E” IS ADDED TO THE A,B,C,D OF FALL PROTECTION
• Fall protection for “equipment/tools”
WERE THESE ACCIDENTS PREVENTABLE?
THANK YOU