HIV AIDSHIV AIDSPresented By- Maniah SharmaPresented By- Maniah Sharma

Welcome Delegates !Welcome Delegates !

What is AIDS?What is AIDS?

A—Acquired(not born with)

I—Immune(body’s defence system)

D—Deficiency(not working properly)

S—Syndrome(a group of signs and symptoms)

Transmitted from person to person.

It affects the body’s immune system, the part of the body which usually works to fight off germs such as bacteria and viruses.

Malfunctioning of the body’s immune system

Someone with AIDS may experience a wide range of different diseases and opportunistic infections.

What is HIV?What is HIV?

H—humanH—human

I—immunodeficiencyI—immunodeficiency

V—virusV—virus

What is the immune system?What is the immune system?

• Immune system defends the body.

• White blood cells (WBCs) are the most important part of this immune system.

• WBCs fight and destroy bacteria, fungi and viruses that may enter the body

How does HIV weaken the How does HIV weaken the immune system?immune system?

• HIV enters the body.

• WBCs are attacked by HIV.

• The virus multiplies inside WBCs and infects other WBCs.

• Infected WBCs are eventually destroyed.

• Leads to a reduction in the number of WBCs.

• Ultimately leads to greatly reduced immunity.

The difference between HIV and The difference between HIV and AIDSAIDS

• HIV causes AIDS

• HIV is a virus and AIDS is a disease

• AIDS—deficiency in the body’s defence mechanism or immune system

• AIDS is acquired, not hereditary

• HIV develops into AIDS depending on the body’s defence mechanism

General PopulationCSWs, CSWs, MSMs, MSMs, IVDUsIVDUs

Risk Group Population

Bridge Population

    

Dynamics of HIV Transmission

TruckersMigrants

General Population

Street Children

0

85.70%

4.34%

1.93%

1.97%

6.04%

Mode oftransmission

Sexual

blood

parenteral

PPTCT

others

Other Modes of Transmission Other Modes of Transmission of HIVof HIV

Receipt of blood collected from HIV Receipt of blood collected from HIV infected person ~ almost 100% infected person ~ almost 100%

Through needle sharing in injecting Through needle sharing in injecting drug use ~ 0.67 – 3% per episodedrug use ~ 0.67 – 3% per episode

Re-use of unsterilised needles & Re-use of unsterilised needles & syringes ~ < 1 per 1000syringes ~ < 1 per 1000

HIV infected mother-to-child ~ 30% HIV infected mother-to-child ~ 30%

Body Fluids Which Can Body Fluids Which Can TransmitTransmit HIV HIV

Blood, bloody fluidsBlood, bloody fluids

Potentially infectious: semen, Potentially infectious: semen, vaginal secretions & tissue.vaginal secretions & tissue.

No risk: saliva, tears, sweat, No risk: saliva, tears, sweat, non-bloody urine.non-bloody urine.

What does HIV-positive mean?What does HIV-positive mean?

• The person is infected with HIV.

• A HIV-positive person may not have AIDS.

What happens when a person is infected with HIV?

• May take 6 months to 10 years or more for progression to AIDS.

• On an average, 50% of infected people take about 8 years to progress to AIDS.

What is comprehensive HIV/AIDS care?What is comprehensive HIV/AIDS care?

Clinical and nursing careClinical and nursing care

Psychosocial support and counsellingPsychosocial support and counselling

Economic and employment supportEconomic and employment support

Legal assistanceLegal assistance

Care and support for orphans and widowsCare and support for orphans and widows

Training on care and support for caregiversTraining on care and support for caregivers

THANK YOUTHANK YOU