History, Presence and Future of the · History, Presence and Future of the Traditional Pasturing...
Transcript of History, Presence and Future of the · History, Presence and Future of the Traditional Pasturing...
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History, Presence and Future of the Traditional Pasturing System of
Lonsjko Polje Nature Park
Goran Gugić
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Lonjsko Polje Nature Park constitutes a unique example of an organically evolved landscape with a preserved medieval system of the common pasturing typical of the whole of Central Europe’s lowlands until the second half of the 19th century.
Riperian Lowlands – Former Cores of Animal Husbandry
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Flooding – A Ecological Keystone Process
• Because of the exceptional arrangement of the river system, inundation may occur at any time of the year
• Indirect flooding caused by backflow
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Adaptation to Flooding – A Cultural Keystone Process
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Spoonbill
• The only recorded breeding area where the adult birds use the wet pastures for foraging
• The only recorded permanent colony of this species situated in an oxbow
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Fish Spawning
• Wild carp needs shallow water, warmed up to 180C, and likes grass
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• It is here where the White Stork attains the greatest nesting success ever recorded in the literature
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How to integrate wetlands into river basin management?
• Wetland management within the context of both surrounding waterscape and landscape
• Match water resources strategies with land use strategies
• Make “hard-wired”
management objectives
landscape
waterscape
wetland
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Basic Forms of Pasturing
• The commons (gmajna): occupy the area on the great flood-liable grazing lands used in common
• Haymaking complex (sjenokoša): on private or common areas of meadows used for both pasturing and hay-making.
• Poloj: pasturing using the embankments, the edges of the roads, the copses and the inundation area between the Sava and the embankment, referred to as poloj.
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Posavina Horse
• Still completly in the hands of local breeders
• More important of a over-restrictive “purebred” phenotype are exceptional
character and social behaviour, adaptation to the natural floodplain conditions, ability to learn quickly – a essential trait in the past
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Masting
• Quite large number of breeders with knowledge about the traditional system of foraging the pigs
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Turopolje Pig
• For economical reasons: cross-breeding • In-situ conservation had to have the
primary goal of rehabilitating the original Turopolje pig (done by LPNP)
• But rehabilitation amongst breeders, too: 1. Risk-management 2. Traditional knowledge 3. Critical number for comercial use
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Herd- and Jato Management
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Pig Pasture
• Rejunivation of annual plants • Rooting establishes a microrelief
with greater structural diversity • Crucial for biodiversity: Mentha
pulegium, Pulicaria vulgaris, Teucrium scordium, Marsilea quadrifolia, Gratiola officinalis
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Slavonian-syrmian Grey Cattle
• Remaining base stock considered as critical endangered
• By now completly in the hands of LPNP to minimise inbreeding at this stage
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Invasion of Amorpha fruticosa
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Slavonian-syrmian Grey Cattle
• Crucial for the rehabilitation of grasslands covered by the invasive shrub species Amorpha fruticosa
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WG
WG WG
WG
WG
SC
Towards Integrated Management
Stakholder analysis dionika Establish appropriate structures Learn appropriate techniques of
integrated management Learn the stakeholders’ language Ensure the feed-back of information
Stakeholder
Stakeholders (Park)
Stakeholders (Posavina)
Park Service
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Finding a mutual vision
• Identify existing problems
• Elaborate possible solutions
• Give guidance for further development
Problems
Solutions Develop-ment
Vision