History of Ocean Floor research Ms. Bridgeland 6 th Grade.
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Transcript of History of Ocean Floor research Ms. Bridgeland 6 th Grade.
![Page 1: History of Ocean Floor research Ms. Bridgeland 6 th Grade.](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc5db4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
History of Ocean Floor research
Ms. Bridgeland 6th Grade
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Why have people been interested in using the ocean since ancient
times?
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3 Major Reasons
• 1) Ocean provides FOOD
• 2) Serves as a route for TRADE
• 3) Is a way to TRAVEL – Travel to have accurate maps– Fame for scientific discoveries
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James Cook led first expedition for OCEAN RESEARCH in the late 1700s
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The Challenger expedition in 1872
*inspired Charles Darwin to study marine biology informed his Theory of Evolution later
*led to discovery of organisms, data on temperature, currents, water chemistry, and ocean floor deposits
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When did we actually begin studying the ocean floor?
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Exploring the Ocean Floor
• No helpful ocean floor research until 1925
• WHY did it take so long to explore the ocean floor?
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The ocean floor is more than twice as deep as the Grand Canyon
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1925: Big breakthrough --SONAR
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Conditions are very HARSH
• There is NO sunlight at this depth
• The water is very COLD
• Deep water exerts tremendous PRESSURE
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•SONAR: Sound navigation and ranging
• a system that uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object• Pulses bounce off the ocean floor
and return to the ship
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When was SCUBA diving developed?
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S.C.U.B.A.
• 1943: self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
• A tank containing compressed air that is strapped to a diver’s back and connected by a tube to a mouthpiece
• Only enables divers to explore to a depth of 40 meters
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1960 -Submersibles
• “Trieste”
• Thick metal could withstand pressure help them safely reach lower depths
• Moved 3 ft per second and reached the ocean floor in about 4 hours
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What is the difference between a submarine and a submersible?
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Modern Day Submersible – Alvin was used to study the Titanic wreckage in 1986
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1986 –Remote Underwater Manipulator
• A device like a small car controlled by a computer that could collect samples, take photos, and map the ocean floor without a crew
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Remote Underwater Manipulator
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2003: Deep Flight Aviator
• A new type of submersible was launched in San Francisco Bay.
• Moved faster and more easily than others• Passengers could see more
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Deep Flight Aviator 2003“underwater airplane”
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Deep Flight Aviator 2003
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Exploring Titanic Wreckage 2004• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
6Z7REEnwKOQ
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Modern technology oceanographer Sylvia Earle uses:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRd612BrDKU