History of Earth: using Fossils and Rock Layers to tell the story
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Transcript of History of Earth: using Fossils and Rock Layers to tell the story
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Exploration of Earth History
What evidence can we find in rocks?
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Rocks tell the story of Earth’s History
•
Red Rock Canyon CODevil’s Tower
Wyoming
Painted Desert Arizona
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Rocks tell the story
Link for image
Rocks can provide evidence
Age of the Earth Type of organisms Evolution of Species
Environmental Changes
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Original RemainsFossils that are the actual bodies or body parts
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Who is ICE MAN?
Who needs Ice if you have Maverick?
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Ice Man from Himalayans
5,300-year-old corpse turned up on the mountain border between Austria and Italy in 1991
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Ice Man Trapped
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Ice Man Close Up
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Inferences from NatGeo
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Trapped in Amber
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Tar Pits
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Fossils in Sedimentary Rocks
Image Link
Mold: hollow area left by the living thing
Cast: solid mineral deposit that filled the mold, leaving a copy
Image Link
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Trace Fossils
Trace: tracks, burrows, nests
Image Link
Image Link
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Petrification tissue replaced by minerals
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Carbon Films
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Ice Core Samples
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Relative Dating How old something is in comparison
to something else
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Index Fossils
Only around
for short periods of time
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Ammonite Found in sedimentary rock
layersabout 400 million years ago
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Trilobite Fossils show:BiodiversityHow species have changed over timeCorrelation between rock layers from
around the worldRelative ages to particular strataEvidence for the geological time scale
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Law of SuperpositionLaw that states the older layers were laid down
first, then younger materials was put down on top of it
Younger Igneous Rock can cut through rock layers
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Closer Look at Rock Layers
Do you see evidence of Erosion
Earthquake A river
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Principles of Crosscutting
The geologic feature which cuts another is
the younger of the two features
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What kind of rocks are these fossils in?
Which layer is oldest?
Which layer is youngest?
How do you know?
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Intrusions vs Extrusions
Intrusion: when magma cools within the earth
Always younger than the rock around it
Extrusion: when lava cools outside the earth
Image A Image B
Image C
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Is this an Igneous Intrusion?
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What evidence do we see in these
Road Cuts?
Image A Image B Image C Image AImage AImage A
Image D Image E Image F
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Did the fold happen before the red rock was deposited?
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What could have caused F? When did it happen?
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Did the eruption happen before or after layer H?
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What story does these rocks tell?Where is the river?
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Between which two layers was a fast moving river?
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Absolute Dating
The actual age of the event
Half Life: the length of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to
change from an unstable form into another form