History Days 4 5
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33
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1950’s1950’s
1950
19551952
1958
77
History of Computers: PrintersHistory of Computers: Printers
1953
Univac High Speed Line Printer600 lines/minute
COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Manufacturer Monthly
Cost Rental Card System 80 or 90 Column 1 Central Processor $234,215 $4,685 1 Read-Punch Unit 48,650 975 1 Card Reader 15,290 305 1 Printer on-line 49,345 985 1 Printer Off-Line 195,000 3,500 Tape-Card System 1 Card Punching Printer 125,000 2,700
1 Printer Off-Line 195,000 3,500
88
1.1 History of Computers – 1960’s1.1 History of Computers – 1960’s1960 1961
1965
1969
1966
99
1967 – IBM 360
IBM “Stretch” - 1961
IBM 360 - 1964
1.1 History of Computers – 1960’s1.1 History of Computers – 1960’s
Mainframe Computer
1111
1964 - CDC 6600
PDP-8 reshaped the PDP-8 reshaped the industry - 40,000 units. industry - 40,000 units.
Cost: $18,000Cost: $18,000
Speed: .33 MIPSSpeed: .33 MIPS
667,000 Add/second667,000 Add/second
Memory Size: 4KBMemory Size: 4KB
200 companies 200 companies produced minis. produced minis.
DEC VAX 11/780 (1978) DEC VAX 11/780 (1978) became one of the best-became one of the best-selling and most selling and most influential computers of influential computers of all time.all time.
DEC market leader DEC market leader 90’s 90’s
Seymour Cray
1.1 History of Computers – 1960’s1.1 History of Computers – 1960’sDEC PDP-8 (1965) CDC 6600 - fastest machine in CDC 6600 - fastest machine in
the world.the world.
Designed by Seymour CrayDesigned by Seymour Cray
Architecture - one central Architecture - one central processor with multiple processor with multiple functional units that executed functional units that executed in parallel. in parallel.
Freon cooled. Freon cooled.
Speed: 10 MFLOPS, 3 MIPSSpeed: 10 MFLOPS, 3 MIPS
Memory Size: 64K+2MMemory Size: 64K+2M
Cost: $10,000,000Cost: $10,000,000
Memory Width:(60-bit)Memory Width:(60-bit)
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History of Computers – History of Computers – Data Data StorageStorage
Jacquard LoomJacquard Loom
Joseph Marie Jacquard Joseph Marie Jacquard (1801)(1801)
Punch cards controlledPunch cards controlledweave pattern…weave pattern…
Each hole = 1 hookEach hole = 1 hook Up or DownUp or Down
Allowed a controlled Allowed a controlled sequence of operationssequence of operations
Precursor to computer Precursor to computer programmingprogramming
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History of Computers – History of Computers – Data Data StorageStorage
Card Readers
1515
History of Computers – History of Computers – Data Data StorageStorage
1616
History of Computers – History of Computers – Data Data StorageStorage
Card Readers
1818
History of Computers – History of Computers – NetworkingNetworking
Arpanet - 1969
MORE !!
1919
1973
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1970’s1970’s
19711972
19771979
1979
2020DECSystem 10
Cray Supercomputer
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1970’s1970’s
1975 - MITS Altair PC
First PC widely adoptedFirst PC widely adopted
Built from KitBuilt from Kit
Speed: 14 HzSpeed: 14 Hz
Memory Size: 256 BytesMemory Size: 256 Bytes
Cost: $440Cost: $440
2000 sold in 19752000 sold in 1975
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1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – CalculatorsCalculators
1958 1962
1971 1974
1985
2005
2222
1965:228 MB
1971:80 KB 1978:
360 KB
1987:1.44 MB
1996:100 MB
1.1 History of Computers – Data 1.1 History of Computers – Data StorageStorage
2424
1.1 History of Computers – Data 1.1 History of Computers – Data StorageStorage
IBM 3348 Data Module
1973 – Winchester Drive
• 30 MB Storage
• 30ms Access Time
• 18 Millionth’s inch
30-30 – Winchester Rifle
2525
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1970’s1970’s
Xerox Alto
Start
Quit
1st GUI -
1973
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1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1970’s1970’s
Steve Jobs Steve Wozniak
2727
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1980’s1980’s
1981
1980 1983
19861987
19871989
2828
IBM AS/400DEC Vax - 1986
1.1 History of Computers – 1.1 History of Computers – 1980’s1980’s
2929
Apple introduces the Mac!
1.1 History of Computers – 1980’s 1.1 History of Computers – 1980’s PC’sPC’s
3030
1.1 History – 1980’s Portables1.1 History – 1980’s Portables
John Cleese Video
3131
History of Computers – GUI’sHistory of Computers – GUI’s
1981
1985
1984
1995
3232
History of Computers – 1990’sHistory of Computers – 1990’s
1990 1995
199819971992
3333
History of ComputersHistory of Computers1990s: Explosion of computer use1990s: Explosion of computer use
Robert J. Samuelson, Newsweek, April 5, 1999, p. Robert J. Samuelson, Newsweek, April 5, 1999, p. 5252
1989 - estimated 9 million PCs sold in US1989 - estimated 9 million PCs sold in US
1998 - PC sales totaled almost 36 million. 1998 - PC sales totaled almost 36 million.
1990 - About 15 percent of US households 1990 - About 15 percent of US households owned a owned a computer. Now, that's roughly 75 computer. Now, that's roughly 75 percent... percent... Hundreds of millions of computers are being used Hundreds of millions of computers are being used
in in businesses and homesbusinesses and homes
Most computers are now connected to the Most computers are now connected to the Internet in Internet in some waysome way
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History of Computers – 1990’sHistory of Computers – 1990’s1990 - Windows 3.0
3535
History of Computers – 2000 History of Computers – 2000 FutureFuture
2001
2003
2004
2005
3636
Cray Supercomputer - 2004
History of Computers – 2000 History of Computers – 2000 Future Future
3737
IBM Blue Gene - SupercomputerIBM Blue Gene - Supercomputer
3838
Terms ReviewTerms Review
MegaMega GigaGiga TeraTera NanoNano ENIACENIAC IBMIBM DECDEC AppleApple
HardwareHardware SoftwareSoftware CPUCPU DiskDisk NetworkNetwork TimeshareTimeshare MIPS/FLOPSMIPS/FLOPS KiloKilo