Allyssa Gillianne P. AlmazanBSBA 3 Major in Business Economics

HISTORY 24Chapter 20: Ophthalmic Surgeon in Hong KongRizal and the German Ladies- There was an incident involving Rizal and the German ladies but eventually, the latter end up treating the former with admiration and respect.Purpose/Importance of the Borneo Colonization Project- Rizal planned to move the landless Filipino families to North Borneo (Sabah), riched British owned island and carve ot of its virgin wildness a New Calamba so he went to Sandakan on board the ship Menon to negotiate with the British authorities for the establishment of a Filipino colonyReasons to Return Home- To confer with Governor Despujol regarding his Borneo Colonization Project- To establish the Liga Filipina in Manila- To prove that Eduardo de Lete was wrong in attacking him in Madrid that he (Rizal), being comfortable and safe in Hong Kong, had abandoned the countrys cause

Chapter 21: Second Homecoming and The Liga FilipinaPobres Frailes- Rizal vigorously denied having those leaflets in either his or Lucias baggage which had been thoroughly searched upon their arrival from Hong Kong by the customs authorities who found nothing. Rizal Arrested & Jailed in Fort Santiago- Despite his denial and insistent demand for investigation in accordance with the due process of the law he was placed under arrest and escorted to Fort Santiago by Ramon Despujol, nephew and aide of the governor general. In Fort Santiago, he was kept incommunicado.Arbitrary- unrestrained and autocratic in the use of authorityReasons for Rizals Deportation- Rizal had published books and articles abroad which showed disloyalty to Spain and which were frankly anti-Catholic and imprudently anti-friar.- A few hours after his arrival in Manila there was found in one of the packages. . . a bundle of handbills entitled Pobres Frailes in which the patient and humble generosity of Filipinos is satirized, and which accusation is published against the customs of the religious orders.- His novel El Filibusterismo was dedicated to the memory of three traitors (Gomez, Burgos, Zamora), and on the title page he wrote that in view of the vices and errors of the Spanish administration, the only salvation for the Philippines was separation from the mother country.- The end which he pursues in his efforts and writings is to tear from the loyal Filipino breasts the treasures of our holy Catholic faith.

Chapter 22: Exile in Dapitan, 1892-1896Reasons to Stay in Parish Convent- That Rizal publically retracts his errors concerning religion and make statements that were clearly pro-Spanish against revolution.- That he perform the church rites and make a general confession of his past life.- That henceforth he conduct himself in an exemplary manner as a Spanish subject and a man of religion. Rizal Challenges a Frenchman- A man named, Juan Lardet, purchased many logs from the lands of Rizal. And it so happened that the logs were of poor quality. Lardet sent a letter to Antonio Miranda, a Dapitan merchant and Rizals friend. He expressed his disgust with the business deal. Then Miranda forwarded the letter to Rizal. One of Rizals weaknesses is his sensitivity that why when he read the letter, he flared up in anger and immediately confronted Lardet and challenged him to duel.Rizals Encounter with the Friars Spy- The spy offered to be Rizals courier ofletters forthe patriots in Manila. Rizal became suspicious and wanted to throw the spy outside butconsidering his values and late hour of the night, he offered the spy to spend the night at his house. Rizal went to the comandancia and reported the impostor to Captain Juan Sitges. Sitges ordered Pablo Mercados arrest and told Anastacio Adriatico to investigate him immediately.

Rizal and Josephine Bracken- The death of Leonor Rivera left a poignant void in Rizals heart. He met Josephine who went to Manila with Mr. Taufer, a blind man who adopted Josephine, to seek for his services as an ophthalmic surgeon. Rizal and Josephine fell in love with each other at first sight. And after a whirlwind romance of one month, they agreed to marry. They had a baby named Francisco who only lived for three hours because it was a premature baby.

Chapter 23: Last Trip Abroad (1896)Victim of Spanish Duplicity- His mistake is that he sealed his own doom by refusing to break his word of honor in Singapore. He thought General Blanco was a man of honor because he let him to go as a free man to Spain to become a physician-surgeon of the Spanish army in Cuba, and gave him two letters of introduction addressed to the Spanish minister of war and colonies.Rizal Arrested before Reaching Barcelona- A passenger told Rizal that he would be arrested by order of General Blanco and would be sent to prison in Ceuta. Shocked by alarming news, Rizal belatedly realized that he was duped by the unscrupulous Spanish officials, particularly the sly Blanco.

Chapter 24: Last Homecoming and TrialDocumentary Evidences- A letter from Antonio toMariano Ponce dated Madrid October 16, 1888, showing Rizal connection with the Filipino reform campaign in Spain.- A letter of Rizal to his family, dated Madrid, August 20,1890, stating that the deportations are good for they will encourage the people to hatetyranny.- A letterfrom Marcelo H.del Pilarto DeodatoArellano,dated Madrid, January 7, 1889, implicating Rizal in the propaganda movement campaign in Spain.- A poem entitled Kundiman ,allegedly written by Rizalin Manila on September 12, 1891- A letter fromCarlos Oliver to an unidentified person, dated Barcelona, September 18,1891, describing Rizal as the mantofree thePhilippines from Spanish oppression.- A Masonic lodge document, dated Manila, February 9, 1892,honoring Rizal for hispatriotic services.- A letter signed Dimasalang ( Rizals pseudonym) to Tenlunz (Juan Zuluetas pseudonym), dated Hongkong, May 24, 1892,stating that he was preparing a safe refuge for Filipinos who may persecuted by theSpanish authorities.- A letter toDimasalang to anunidentified committee, dated Hongkong, June 1, 1892, soliciting the aidof the committee in the patriotic work- An anonymous and undated letter to the Editor ofHongkong Telegraph, censuring the banishment of Rizal to Dapitan.- A letter toIldefonso Laurel to Rizal, dated Manila,informing an unidentified correspondent ofthe arrest and the banishment of Doroteo Cortes and Ambrosio Salvador.- A letter to Marcelo H. del Pilar to Don Juan A. Tenluz (Juan Zulueta), dated Madrid, June 1, 1893 recommending the establishment of a special organization, independent ofMasonry, tohelpthe causeofthe Filipinopeople.- Transcript of a speech of Pingkian (Emilio Jacinto) in a reunion toa Katipunanon July23, 1893,in whichthe following cry uttered Long Live the Philippines! Long Live Liberty! Long live Dr. Rizal Unity!- TranscriptofspeechofTik-Tik(JoseTuriano Santiago) in the same Katipunan reunion wherein the katipuneros shouted Long Live the eminent Dr. Jose Rizal! Death to the oppressor nation!- ApoembyLaongLaan(JoseRizal)entitledTalisay, in which the author makes Dapitan school boys sing that they know how to fight oftheir rights.Testimonial evidence- consisted of the oral testimonies ofMartin Constantino, Aguedo delRosario, Jose Reyes, Moises SalvadorJose Dizon,Domingo Franco,DeodatoArellano,Ambrosio Salvador, Pedro Serrano Laktaw, Dr. PioValenzuela,Antonio Salazar, Francisco Quison, and Temoteo Paez.Rizals defender

-Rizal chooses a defense council which is the only right given to him by the Spanish authorities. December 8, 1896 100 first and second lieutenants in the Spanish Army was presented to Rizal. Lt. Taviel de Andrade chosenby Rizal to be his defense, he was the brother of JoseTaviel de Andrade his previous bodyguard

Chapter 25: Martyrdom at BagumbayanLast Hours of Rizal- He was busy meeting visitors, including Jesuit priests, Josephine Bracken and members of his family, a Spanish newspaper correspondent (Santiago Mataix), some friends, and secretly finishing his farewell poem. Rizal exactly died at 7:03 am on December 30, 1896 at Bagumbayan, Manila.