Historic Monuments

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    Historical monuments

    - By Anshul Sharma

    XI A

    26THJULY 1O

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    IMPORTANCE OF HERITAGE The past is all around us. We live our lives against a rich backdropformed by historic buildings, landscapes and other physical survivals ofour past. But the historic environment is more than just a matter ofmaterial remains. It is central to how we see ourselves and to our identityas individuals, communities and as a nation. It is a physical record of what

    our country is and how it came to be. Building materials and styles candefine regions localities and communities. Historic landscapes or iconicbuildings can become a focus of community identity and pride. At amore local level a historic church or park can help define a neighborhoodand create a sense of local cohesion.

    The importance that we attach to our heritage is growing each year,and that is why events such as Heritage Open Days are so important inenabling people to access their local, regional and national heritage. Weencourage you to take this unique opportunity to visit, tour andexperience the buildings and streets on your doorstep and learn a littleabout the rich heritage of the region in the process.

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    Christ the Redeemer is a statue ofJesus

    Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; consideredthe largest Art Deco statue in the world .The statue is 39.6 metres (130 ft) tall,including its 9.5 meter (31 feet) pedestal, and30 metres (98 ft) wide. It weighs 635 tons(700 short tons

    ), and is located at the peakof the 700 metres (2,300 ft) Corcovadomountain in the Tijuca Forest National Parkoverlooking the city.

    In which year it was built? what is its significance?

    It was constructed between 1922 and 1931.It is a symbol ofChristianity and has become an icon of Rio and Brazil.

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    The Great Pyramid of Giza is theoldest and largest of the three pyramidsin the Giza Necropolis bordering what

    is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldestof the Seven Wonders of the AncientWorld, and the only one to remainlargely intact. Originally the GreatPyramid was covered by casing stonesthat formed a smooth outer surface;what is seen today is the underlying corestructure. Some of the casing stonesthat once covered the structure can stillbe seen around the base.

    What is the most remarkable property of this structure?

    The accuracy of the pyramid's workmanship is such that the foursides of the base have an average error of only 58 millimeters long.

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    The Colosseum or Roman Coliseum,originally the Flavian Amphitheatre , isan elliptical amphitheatre in the centerof the city ofRome, Italy, the largestever built in the Roman Empire. It isconsidered one of the greatest works of

    Roman architecture and Romanengineering. , its construction startedbetween 70 and 72 AD[1] under theemperorVespasian and was completedin 80 AD underTitus .

    What does Colosseum signifies? why Colosseum seems partially ruined today?

    Colosseum is aniconicsymbol ofImperialRome. In the 21st century it stayspartially ruined because of damage caused by devastatingearthquakesand

    stone-robbers.

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    The Eiffel Tower is an 1889 iron lattice towerlocated on the Champ de Mars in Paris that has

    become both a global icon ofFrance and one of themost recognizable structures in the world. The EiffelTower, which is the tallest building in Paris, is thesingle most visited paid monument in the world . Thetower stands 324 m (1,063 ft) tall, about the sameheight as an 81-storey building. It was the tallest man-

    made structure in the world from its completion untilthe Chrysler Buildingin New York City was built in1930. The tower has become the most prominentsymbol of both Paris and France, often in theestablishing shot offilms set in the city.

    When this structure was built? Until the beginning of 20thcentury Eiffeltower was used for?

    The structure was built between 1887 and 1889. Since the beginning of the

    20th century, the tower has been used forradiotransmission.

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    The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum locatedin Agra, India, built

    by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan inmemory of his favorite wife, MumtazMahal. Taj Mahal means "crown ofbuildings" in Urdu. The Taj Mahal isconsidered the finest exampleofMughal architecture, a style that

    combines elements fromIslamic, Indian and Persian architecturalstyles. The exterior decorations of theTaj Mahal are among the finest to befound in Mughal architecture.

    Now days we can see yellow patches on this monument. Why is it so?

    It is because of acid rains, nowadays some content of sulphuric acid ismixed with rain water which result in the formation of yellow patches

    on Taj.

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    The Leaning Tower of Pisa or simply the Tower ofPisa is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of

    the cathedral of the Italian city ofPisa. It is situatedbehind the Cathedral and is the third oldest structurein Pisa's Cathedral Square after the Cathedral andthe Baptistry. he height of the tower is 55.86 m(183.27 ft) from the ground on the lowest side and56.70 m (186.02 ft) on the highest side. The width of

    the walls at the base is 4.09 m (13.42 ft) and at the top2.48 m (8.14 ft). Its weight is estimated at14,500 metric tons (16,000 short tons). The towerhas 296 or 294 steps; the seventh floor has two fewersteps on the north-facing staircase.

    why tower of Pisa leans at one side? In which direction tower of Pisa is leaning? The tower began to sink after construction had progressed to the third floor in 1178. This

    was due to a mere three-metre foundation, set in weak, unstablesubsoil, thats why thetower leans at one side. Tower of Pisa is leaning in southward direction.

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    Machu Picchu is a pre-ColumbianInca site located

    2,430 metres above sea level. It issituated on a mountain ridge abovethe Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is80 kilometres northwest ofCuzco andthrough which the UrubambaRiverflows. Most archaeologists

    believe that Machu Picchu was built asan estate for the Inca emperor . Oftenreferred to as "The Lost City of theIncas", it is perhaps the most familiaricon of the Inca World.

    When Machu Picchu was declared as Peruvian historicalsanctuary ?

    Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in

    1981 and aUNESCO World Heritage Sitein 1983.

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    Mount Rushmore National Memorial isa sculpture carved into thegranite face

    of Mount RushmorenearKeystone, South Dakota inthe United States. Mount Rushmorefeatures 60-foot sculptures of theheads of formerUnited Statespresidents George

    Washington, Thomas Jefferson,Theodore Roosevelt, and AbrahamLincoln. The entire memorial covers1,278.45 acres (5.17 km2) and is5,725 feet (1,745 m) above sea level.

    Why Mount Rushmore national memorial was built? Between October 4, 1927, and October 31, 1941, Gutzon Borglum and

    400 workers sculpted the colossal 60-foot (18 m) carvings ofU.S.presidentsGeorgeWashington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt,

    andAbraham Lincolnto represent the first 150 years of American history.

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    The Great Wall of China is a series of stone

    and earthen fortifications in northern China,built originally to protect the northern borders ofthe Chinese Empire against intrusions byvarious nomadic groups The Great Wallstretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to LopNurin the west, along an arc that roughly

    delineates the southern edge ofInner Mongolia.The most comprehensive archaeological survey,using advanced technologies, has recentlyconcluded that the entire Great Wall, with all ofits branches, stretches for 8,851.8 km

    What makes The GreatWall of China different from otherancient structures?

    This structure is enough vast that it can be seen easily from space.

    This is the most nexus fact about The GreatWall of China.

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