Historic

buildings a

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monuments

Palfiová Veronika, sexta

Test yourself

What‘s the name of this tower?a) The Sears Towerb) Shukhov Towerc) Tower of Pisa d) The CN Towere) El Faro Tower

Four lines of collosseum‘s rostrums contained more than:

a) 36000 spectatorsb) 42000 spectatorsc) 48000 spectatorsd) 54000 spectatorse) 60000 spectators

The Louvre is in:a) Greeceb) Francec) Italyd) Englande) Austria

The area of Vatican is:

a) 0,26 km2

b) 0,41 km2

c) 0,44 km2

d) 0,53 km2

e) 0,61 km2

The Pantheon was built in 27-25 BC by:a) Gaius Caesar Caligula b) Marcus Agrippac) Pontius Pilated) Spartacuse) Hadrian

The clock Bell is named Big Ben after:a) Benjamin Franklinb) Benjamin Hall c) Benjamin Moored) Walter Benjamine) Dan Benjamin

The White House is in:a) Chicagob) Las Vegasc) New York d) Houstone) Washington DC

The Stonehenge was built in several stages from:

a) 3000 - 1800 BCb) 2800 - 1800 BCc) 2600 - 1800 BCd) 2400 - 1800 BCe) 2200 - 1800 BC

In The Valley of the Kings was discovered the tomb of:

a) Tutankhamunb) Thutmose I.c) Ramses II.d) Cleopatrae) Seti I.

The first Athenian king was:a) Plate IX.b) Thymoetes II.c) Deucalion I.d) Lycaon II.e) Cecrops

The Great Wall of China stretches over (in total):

a) 5,800 kmb) 6,700 kmc) 7,600 kmd) 8,500 kme) 9,400 km

The Taj Mahal was built under Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his:

a) favorite wifeb) favorite daughterc) favorite sond) favorite niecee) favorite nephew

Machu Picchu is probably the most familiar symbol of the:

a) Inca Empireb) Aztec Empirec) Maya Empired) Indian Empiree) American Empire

Petra was built in the 3rd century BC by the:

a) Byzantinesb) Umayyadsc) Mamluksd) Nabataeanse) Romans

Leaning Tower of Pisa

• The Leaning Tower of Pisa or simply The Tower of Pisa is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa. Although intended to stand vertically, the tower began leaning to the southeast soon after the onset of construction in 1173.

• The height of the tower is 55.86 m from the ground on the lowest side and 56.70 m on the highest side. Its weight is estimated at 14,500 tonnes. The tower has 296 steps. The tower leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.

The Collosseum

• It is one of the most famous buildings in Rome. It was built almost 2000 years ago. The bulk of this amphitheatre is still in Rome. It shows, Romans were very good builders. This building is almost 201m long, 171m wide and 49m high. Long time ago people went to this amphitheatre to watch sports matches and importaint ceremonies. Four lines of rostrums contained more than 48000 spectators.

The Palace of Louvre

• The Louvre in Paris, France, is the most visited and famous art museum in the world. Long time ago it was the palace of the king. Now it is the biggest museum in the world.

• The building holds some of the world's most famous works of art, such as Leonardo D'Caprio's Mona Lisa, The Virgin and Child with St. Anne, Madonna of the Rocks, Jacques Louis David's Oath of the Horatii, Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People and Alexandros of Antioch's Venus de Milo.

Vatican

• It is the smallest country in the world. Vatican is in the centre of Rome. The area of this country is 0,44 km2. It has the population of about 1000 people. The pope of Rome is the head of Vatican and all Christians all over the world. Though Vatican is very small, but it has its currency, stamps. St. Patrick's basilica is a pride of Vatican. Famous museums of Vatican attracts millions of people.

The Pantheon

• The Pantheon was originally built in 27-25 BC by the magistrate Marcus Agrippa. This original temple burned down in 80 AD. The Pantheon was completely reconstructed in 125 AD by Hadrian. The second temple was dedicated to every known god, from which the Pantheon gets its name. The Pantheon is widely praised for its feats of architecture and concept of space. At 43m wide and 43m high, it is a perfect sphere resting in a cylinder. With a span of 43.2 m, it was the largest dome in the world until Brunelleschi's dome in Florence of 1420-36.

Big Ben

• The big clock on the tower of the Palace of Westminster in London is often called Big Ben. But Big Ben is really the bell of the clock. It weights 13,5 tons. The clock tower is 318 feet high. You have to go up 374 steps to reach the top. Its face is 23 feet wide. The minute hand is 14 feet long. The hour hand is 9 feet long.

• The clock bell is named Big Ben after Sir Benjamin Hall. He was a member of Parliament. Sir Benjamin was a big man.One day he said in parliament: "Shall we call the bell St. Stephen's?" St. Stephen's is the name of the tower. But someone said for a joke: "Why not call it Big Ben?" Now the bell is known all over the world by that name.

The White House

• The whole world knows the White House in Washington DC. It is the home of the President of the United States - George Bush.

• It was designed by the Irish-American architect James Hoban and building was completed in 1800. It was partially destroyed by British troops in the War of 1812 and rebuilt by 1817 when the south portico was added.

The Stonehenge

• This ancient monument of huge stones solitarily standing on the Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England has captured imaginations for centuries. Theories about who built it have included the Druids, Greeks, Phoenicians, and Atlanteans. Speculation on the reason it was built range from human sacrifice to astronomy.

• Investigations over the last 100 years have revealed that Stonehenge was built in several stages from 2800 - 1800 BC. It seems to have been designed to allow for observation of astronomical phenomena - summer and winter solstices, eclipses, and more.

The Valley of the Kings

• The Valley of the Kings is a valley in Egypt where for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, tombs were constructed for the kings and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom. The valley stands on the west bank of the Nile, across from Thebes (modern Luxor), within the heart of the Theban Necropolis. The wadi consists of two valleys, East Valley (where the majority of the royal tombs situated) and West Valley.

• In modern times the valley has become famous for the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun and is one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world. In 1979, it became a World Heritage Site, along with the rest of the Theban Necropolis.

Acropolis of Athens

• The Acropoles of Athens is the best known as acropolis in the world. The Acropolis was formally proclaimed as the pre-eminent monument on the European Cultural Heritage list of monuments on 26 March 2007. The Acropolis is a flat-topped rock which rises 150 m above sea level in the city of Athens. It was also known as Cecropia, after the legendary serpent-man, Kekrops or Cecrops, the first Athenian king.

The Great Wall of China• The Great Wall of China is a series of stone and earthen

fortifications in China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire during the rule of successive dynasties.

• The Great Wall stretches over approximately 6,508 km from Shanhaiguan in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches to over 6,700 km in total. At its peak, the Ming Wall was guarded by more than one million men.

Taj Mahal• The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum located in Agra, India, that was

built under Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal (also "the Taj") is considered the finest example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian, Turkish, Indian, and Islamic architectural styles. In 1983, the Taj Mahal became a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was cited as "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage." While the white domed marble and tile mausoleum is most familiar, Taj Mahal is an integrated complex of structures that was completed around 1648. Ustad Ahmad Lahauri is generally considered as the principal designer of Taj Mahal.

Machu Picchu• Machu Picchu is a pre-Columbian Inca site located 2,400

meters above sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is 80 km northwest of Cuzco. Often referred to as "The Lost City of the Incas", Machu Picchu is probably the most familiar symbol of the Inca Empire. It was built around the year 1450, but abandoned a hundred years later, at the time of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. Forgotten for centuries, the site was brought to worldwide attention in 1911 by Hiram Bingham, an American historian. Since then, Machu Picchu has become an important tourist attraction. It was declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.

The Lost City of Petra

• Petra was built in the 3rd century BC by the Nabataeans, who were a major power on the trade routes from Damascus to Arabia. The city has a large number of amazing facades carved directly into the cliffs. The site was then successively conquered by the Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Turks, Crusaders, and Mamluks. There are also remains of a mosaic floor from a 4th century.

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