Histology of the breast
-
Upload
mansmanchester -
Category
Education
-
view
3.108 -
download
4
Transcript of Histology of the breast
![Page 1: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
![Page 2: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The breast
By: P.D.Sanaa El-SherbinyMansoura University
![Page 3: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Structure of mammary gland
1. clavicle 2. superficial fascia 3. glandular tissue 4. lactiferous duct 5. lactiferous sinus 6. areola 7. nipple 8. rib 9. intercostal muscles 10.pleura 11.pleural cavity
![Page 4: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Histological structure
• The breast is formed of compound tubulo-alveolar glands covered by thin skin.
![Page 5: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mammary gland
• These are a pair of compound tubulo-alveolar glands to nourish new- borns
• The histological structure varies according to sex ,age & physiologic status
![Page 6: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The covering skin shows:
1.Areola: central pink area of skin, deeply pigmented during pregnancy
2.Nipple: –An elevation in the center of the areola–It contains 15-25 opening of lactiferous
duct
![Page 7: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1. Stroma–Interlobar septa: thick
• fibrous C.T. called “suspensory ligaments of cooper”
–Interlobular septa–Adipose C.T–Loose C.T :contain fibroblasts ,lymph-
ocytes , plasma cell & macrophages
![Page 8: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
2. Parenchyma– Contains duct system and secretory
unitsIn resting gland there is no secretory
units– Duct system consists of:1.Intralobular ducts: in the lobules ,lined
with 2 layers of cubical cells2.Lactiferous ducts: results from union of
intralobular ducts, dilated to form lactiferous sinuses , their proximal parts lined with st.col .Epith.
3.Lactiferous sinuses and terminal parts are lined with st. sq. epith.
![Page 9: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
During puberty• Their development forms one of the 2ry sex
characters1. Increase in vol. of ducts with cell
proliferation2. accumulation of adipose tissue in the
inter lobar and interlobular C.T.• All these changes are due to in ovarian
hormones with minimal appearance of alveoli at time of ovulation where estrogen reaches peak there is in adipocytes lipid acc.and breast in size
![Page 10: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Resting non lactating glands
![Page 11: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
During pregnancy• The glands undergo intense growth
due to proliferation of ducts + production of secretory tubules and alveoli
• The C.T. stroma and adipose tissue decrease
• No visible signs of secretion except in late pregnancy
![Page 12: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Secretory alveoli• Begin to appear at the 6th month of pregnancy• They are lined with columnar epith.• They are surrounded by myoepithelial cells• They contain colostrum in late months of
• Pregnancy ***Their mode of secretion is
apocrine • Mode of secretion.
![Page 13: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hormones controlling breast enlargement
1-Ovarian hormones :Estrogen increases during pregnancy acting on duct system
2-Progestrone by (corpus luteum ) 2-placental hormons act on secretory alveoli
• Placental Hormones are :progestrone ,placental mammotrophins 3-Anterior pituitary: growth h &prolactin h.
4-Suprarenal: glucocorticoids.
![Page 14: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Lactating mammary gland• Consists of compound tubulo-alveolar• gland
1.Stroma is thin2.Parenchyma is formed of duct system and alveoli3.Alveoli are lined by columnar or cubical epith. Filled with
vacuolated milk secretion4.Milk secretion is controlled by5.Prolactin which stimulate alveolar cells secretion6.Oxytocin: contraction of myo-epithelial Cells ,squeezes
alveoli cause milk ejection
![Page 15: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
In lactation• Milk acc. In the lumen of secretory part
and ducts • Cells. Milk containing lipid vacuoles and
also protein vacuoles• Milk composition :
1. Lipid 4%2. Protein 1.5%3. Lactose 7%
• Colostrum : it contains less fat and more proteins and rich in antibodies (IgA)
![Page 17: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Active lactating mammary gland
![Page 18: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Lactating versus resting glands
![Page 19: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Keep smiley!!!
• Thank you
![Page 20: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
revision
![Page 21: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Histological structure of the skin
• Formed of two layers:
• 1- Epidermis • 2- Dermis
![Page 22: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Types:1-THICK SKIN• EPIDERMIS: IS THICK:0.8mm in palm ,1.4 mm
in sole.• Contains 4 types of cells:• 1-keratinocytes (85% of cells)• 2-Melanocytes• 3-Langerhans cells• 4-Merkel cells• ِ�Arranged in five layers.
![Page 23: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Layers of epidermis are • Stratum basale
(germinativum)• Stratum spinosum• Stratum granulosum• Stratum lucidum (may not
be present)• Stratum corneum
![Page 24: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Thin skin
![Page 25: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
SWEAT GLANDS• Merocrine glands:• Allover the body• Secretory cells 2types• Clear cells cubical rich in
glycogen granules.• Dark with narrow basal part
with • Apical glycoprotein granules• Myoepithelialt cells• Ducts lined by 2layers of cubical
cells
• Apocrine glands:• Axilla,groin,pubic region• Secretory part similar • To mero. With • Wider lumen• Their ducts are lined • With 2 layers of cubical cells
but open into hair follicles• Secretion stim.by sex
• hormones
![Page 26: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
sweat glandsTwo types of sweat glands
– Eccrine• Not associated with hair follicle• Duct segment
– less coiled, leads to epidermis– Stratified cuboidal epithelium
• Secretory segment– in deep dermis or hypodermis– Secretory cells– Myoepithelial cells lie between
secretory cells, contraction expels sweat
– Apocrine• Found in limited areas• Empty into hair follicle
![Page 27: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Structures of skin: hair follicle• Invagination of epidermis• Hair contains keratin and melanin• Dermal papilla
– Connective tissue invagination into bulb, has capillary network
• Matrix– Germinative layer adjacent to
dermal papilla– Also contains melanocytes
• Sebaceous gland– Secretion empties into hair
follicle• Arrector pili muscle
– Smooth muscle, inserts on hair follicle and base of epidermis
bulb
(dermal papilla)
![Page 28: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The hair is formed of• Shaft: medulla, cortex and cuticle• The hair follicle is formed of :
• Inner root sheath formed of:• Cuticle ,Huxleys layer,Henles layer• Outer root sheath: identical with
Malpighian• Layer of epidermis
• Connective tissue sheath.
![Page 29: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ECCRINE AND APOCRINE GANDS
![Page 30: Histology of the breast](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062405/555a9219d8b42a3e268b46e6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Thank youThank you