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23/02/2015 Mains Syllabus of History, Detailed UPSC Syllabus of History,IAS data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cp%20style%3D%22boxsizing%3A%20borderbox%3B%20margin%3A%200px%200px%2010px%3B%20color%3A%20… 1/6 1. Sources: Archaeological sources: Exploration, excavation, epigraphy numismatics, monuments. Literary sources: Indigenous: Primary and secondary ; poetry, scientific literature, literature , literature in regional languages, religious literature. Foreign accounts: Greek, Chinese and Arab writers. 2. Prehistory and Protohistory: Geographical factors ; hunting and gathering (paleolithic and mesolithic) ; Beginning of agriculture (neolithic and chalcolithic). 3. Indus Valley Civilization: Origin, date, extent, characteristics, decline, survival and significance, art and architecture. 4. Megalithic Cultures: Distribution of pastoral and farming cultures outside the Indus, Development of community life, Settlements, Development of agriculture, Crafts, Pottery, and Iron industry. 5.Aryans and Vedic Period: Expansions of Aryans in India. Vedic Period: Religious and philosophic literature; Transformation from Rig Vedic period to the later Vedic period; Political, social and economical life; Significance of the Vedic Age; Evolution of Monarchy and Varna system. 6. Period of Mahajanapadas: Formation of States (Mahajanapada) : Republics and monarchies; Rise of urban centres; Trade routes; Economic growth; Introduction of coinage; Spread of Jainism and Buddhism; Rise of Magadha and Nandas. Iranian and Macedonian invasions and their impact. 7. Mauryan Empire: Foundation of the Mauryan Empire , Chandragupta, Kautilya and Arthashastra; Ashoka; Concept of Dharma; Edicts; Polity, Administration; Economy; Art, architecture and sculpture; External contacts; Religion; Spread of religion; Literature. Disintegration of the empire; Sungas and Kanvas. 8. Post Mauryan Period (IndoGreeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas): Contact with outside world; growth of urban centres, economy, coinage, development of religions, Mahayana, social conditions, art, architecture, culture, literature and science. 9. Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India: Kharavela, The Satavahanas, Tamil States of the Sangam Age; Administration , economy, land grants, coinage, t rade guilds and urban centres; Buddhist centres; Sangam literature and culture; Art and architecture. 10. Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas: Polity and administration , Economic conditions, Coinage of the Guptas, Land grants, Decline of urban centres, Indian feudalism, Caste system, Position of women , Education and educational inst i tut ions; Nalanda, Vikramshi la and Vallabhi, Literature, scientific literature, art and architecture. 11. Regional States during Gupta Era: The Kadambas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami; Polity and Administration, Trade guilds, Literature; growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions. Tamil Bhakti movement, Shankaracharya; Vedanta; Institutions of temple and temple architecture; Palas, Senas, Rashtrakutas, Paramaras, Polity and administration; Cultural aspects. Arab conquest of Sind; Alberuni, The Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas,
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23/02/2015 MainsSyllabusofHistory,DetailedUPSCSyllabusofHistory,IAS
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1.Sources:Archaeologicalsources:Exploration,excavation,epigraphynumismatics,monuments.Literarysources:Indigenous:Primaryandsecondarypoetry,scientificliterature,literature,literatureinregionallanguages,religiousliterature.Foreignaccounts:Greek,ChineseandArabwriters.
2.PrehistoryandProtohistory:Geographicalfactorshuntingandgathering(paleolithicandmesolithic)Beginningofagriculture(neolithicandchalcolithic).
3.IndusValleyCivilization:Origin,date,extent,characteristics,decline,survivalandsignificance,artandarchitecture.
4.MegalithicCultures:DistributionofpastoralandfarmingculturesoutsidetheIndus,Developmentofcommunitylife,Settlements,Developmentofagriculture,Crafts,Pottery,andIronindustry.
5.AryansandVedicPeriod:ExpansionsofAryansinIndia.VedicPeriod:ReligiousandphilosophicliteratureTransformationfromRigVedicperiodtothelaterVedicperiodPolitical,socialandeconomicallifeSignificanceoftheVedicAgeEvolutionofMonarchyandVarnasystem.
6.PeriodofMahajanapadas:FormationofStates(Mahajanapada):RepublicsandmonarchiesRiseofurbancentresTraderoutesEconomicgrowthIntroductionofcoinageSpreadofJainismandBuddhismRiseofMagadhaandNandas.IranianandMacedonianinvasionsandtheirimpact.
7.MauryanEmpire:FoundationoftheMauryanEmpire,Chandragupta,KautilyaandArthashastraAshokaConceptofDharmaEdictsPolity,AdministrationEconomyArt,architectureandsculptureExternalcontactsReligionSpreadofreligionLiterature.DisintegrationoftheempireSungasandKanvas.
8.PostMauryanPeriod(IndoGreeks,Sakas,Kushanas,WesternKshatrapas):Contactwithoutsideworldgrowthofurbancentres,economy,coinage,developmentofreligions,Mahayana,socialconditions,art,architecture,culture,literatureandscience.
9.EarlyStateandSocietyinEasternIndia,DeccanandSouthIndia:Kharavela,TheSatavahanas,TamilStatesoftheSangamAgeAdministration,economy,landgrants,coinage,tradeguildsandurbancentresBuddhistcentresSangamliteratureandcultureArtandarchitecture.
10.Guptas,VakatakasandVardhanas:Polityandadministration,Economicconditions,CoinageoftheGuptas,Landgrants,Declineofurbancentres,Indianfeudalism,Castesystem,Positionofwomen,EducationandeducationalinstitutionsNalanda,VikramshilaandVallabhi,Literature,scientificliterature,artandarchitecture.
11.RegionalStatesduringGuptaEra:TheKadambas,Pallavas,ChalukyasofBadamiPolityandAdministration,Tradeguilds,LiteraturegrowthofVaishnavaandSaivareligions.TamilBhaktimovement,ShankaracharyaVedantaInstitutionsoftempleandtemplearchitecturePalas,Senas,Rashtrakutas,Paramaras,PolityandadministrationCulturalaspects.ArabconquestofSindAlberuni,TheChalukyasofKalyana,Cholas,
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Hoysalas,PandyasPolityandAdministrationlocalGovernmentGrowthofartandarchitecture,religioussects,InstitutionoftempleandMathas,Agraharas,educationandliterature,economyandsociety.
12.ThemesinEarlyIndianCulturalHistory:Languagesandtexts,majorstagesintheevolutionofartandarchitecture,majorphilosophicalthinkersandschools,ideasinScienceandMathematics.
13.EarlyMedievalIndia,7501200:Polity:MajorpoliticaldevelopmentsinNorthernIndiaandthePeninsula,originandtheriseofRajputsTheCholas:administration,villageeconomyandsociety"IndianFeudalism"AgrarianeconomyandurbansettlementsTradeandcommerceSociety:thestatusoftheBrahmanandthenewsocialorderConditionofwomenIndianscienceandtechnology
14.CulturalTraditionsinIndia,7501200:Philosophy:SkankaracharyaandVedanta,RamanujaandVishishtadvaita,MadhvaandBrahmaMimansaReligion:Formsandfeaturesofreligion,Tamildevotionalcult,growthofBhakti,IslamanditsarrivalinIndia,SufismLiterature:LiteratureinSanskrit,growthofTamilliterature,literatureinthenewlydevelopinglanguages,Kalhan'sRajtarangini,Alberuni'sIndiaArtandArchitecture:Templearchitecture,sculpture,painting
15.TheThirteenthCentury:EstablishmentoftheDelhiSultanate:TheGhurianinvasionsfactorsbehindGhuriansuccessEconomic,socialandculturalconsequencesFoundationofDelhiSultanateandearlyTurkishSultans.Consolidation:TheruleofIltutmishandBalban.
16.TheFourteenthCentury:"TheKhaljiRevolution"AlauddinKhalji:Conquestsandterritorialexpansion,agrarianandeconomicmeasuresMuhammadTughluq:Majorprojects,agrarianmeasures,bureaucracyofMuhammadTughluq.FiruzTughluq:Agrarianmeasures,achievementsincivilengineeringandpublicworks,declineoftheSultanate,foreigncontactsandIbnBattuta'saccount.
17.Society,CultureandEconomyintheThirteenthandFourteenthCenturies:Society:compositionofruralsociety,rulingclasses,towndwellers,women,religiousclasses,casteandslaveryundertheSultanate,Bhaktimovement,Sufimovement.Culture:Persianliterature,literatureintheregionallanguagesofNorthIndia,literatureinthelanguagesofSouthIndia,Sultanatearchitectureandnewstructuralforms,painting,evolutionofacompositeculture.Economy:Agriculturalproduction,riseofurbaneconomyandnonagriculturalproduction,tradeandcommerce.
18.TheFifteenthandEarlySixteenthCenturyPoliticalDevelopmentsandEconomy:RiseofProvincialDynasties:Bengal,Kashmir(ZainulAbedin),Gujarat,Malwa,Bahmanids.
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TheVijayanagraEmpire.Lodis.MughalEmpire,Firstphase:BaburandHumayun.TheSurEmpire:SherShah'sadministration.PortugueseColonialenterprise.BhaktiandSufiMovements.
19.TheFifteenthandearlySixteenthCenturySocietyandCulture:Regionalculturalspecificities.Literarytraditions.Provincialarchitecture.Society,culture,literatureandthearts.inVijayanagaraEmpire.
20.Akbar:ConquestsandconsolidationoftheEmpire.EstablishmentofJagirandMansabsystems.Rajputpolicy.Evolutionofreligiousandsocialoutlook,theoryofSulhikulandreligiouspolicy.Courtpatronageofartandtechnology.
21.MughalEmpireintheSeventeenthCentury:MajoradministrativepoliciesofJahangir,ShahjahanandAurangzeb.TheEmpireandtheZamindars.ReligiouspoliciesofJahangir,ShahjahanandAurangzeb.NatureoftheMughalState.LateSeventeenthcenturycrisisandtherevolts.TheAhomKingdom.ShivajiandtheearlyMarathaKingdom.
22.EconomyandSocietyintheSixteenthandSeventeenthCenturies:Population,agriculturalproduction,craftproduction.Towns,commercewithEuropethroughDutch,EnglishandFrenchcompanies:atraderevolution.Indianmercantileclasses,banking,insuranceandcreditsystems.Conditionofpeasants,conditionofwomen.EvolutionoftheSikhcommunityandtheKhalsaPanth.
23.CultureintheMughalEmpire:Persianhistoriesandotherliterature.Hindiandotherreligiousliterature.Mughalarchitecture.Mughalpainting.Provincialarchitectureandpainting.Classicalmusic.Scienceandtechnology.
24.TheEighteenthCentury:FactorsforthedeclineoftheMughalEmpire.Theregionalprincipalities:Nizam'sDeccan,Bengal,Awadh.MarathaascendancyunderthePeshwas.
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TheMarathafiscalandfinancialsystem.EmergenceofAfghanPower,BattleofPanipat:1761.Stateofpolitics,cultureandeconomyontheeveoftheBritishconquest.
PAPERII1.EuropeanPenetrationintoIndia:TheEarlyEuropeanSettlementsThePortugueseandtheDutchTheEnglishandtheFrenchEastIndiaCompaniesTheirstruggleforsupremacyCarnaticWarsBengalTheconflictbetweentheEnglishandtheNawabsofBengalSirajandtheEnglishTheBattleofPlasseySignificanceofPlassey.
2.BritishExpansioninIndia:BengalMirJafarandMirKasimTheBattleofBuxarMysoreTheMarathasThethreeAngloMarathaWarsThePunjab.
3.EarlyStructureoftheBritishRaj:TheearlyadministrativestructureFromdiarchytodirectcontrolTheRegulatingAct(1773)ThePitt'sIndiaAct(1784)TheCharterAct(1833)ThevoiceoffreetradeandthechangingcharacterofBritishcolonialruleTheEnglishutilitarianandIndia.
4.EconomicImpactofBritishColonialRule:(a)LandrevenuesettlementsinBritishIndiaThePermanentSettlementRyotwariSettlementMahalwariSettlementEconomicimpactoftherevenuearrangementsCommercializationofagricultureRiseoflandlessagrarianlabourersImpoverishmentoftheruralsociety.(b)DislocationoftraditionaltradeandcommerceDeindustrialisationDeclineoftraditionalcraftsDrainofwealthEconomicTransformationofindiaRailroadandcommunicationnetworkincludingtelegraphandpostalservicesFamineandpovertyintheruralinteriorEuropeanbusinessenterpriseanditslimitations.
5.SocialandCulturalDevelopments:Thestateofindigenouseducation,itsdislocationOrientalistAnglicistControversy,theIntroductionofwesterneducationinIndiaTheriseofpress,literatureandpublicopinionTheriseofmodernvernacularliteratureProgressofscienceChristianmissionaryactivitiesinIndia.
6.SocialandReligiousReformmovementsinBengalandOtherAreas:RamMohanRoy,TheBrahmoMovementDevendranathTagoreIsWarChandraVidyasagarTheYoungBengalMovementDayanadaSaraswatiThesocialreformmovementsinIndiaincludingSati,widowRemarriage,childmarriageetc.ThecontributionofIndianrenaissancetothegrowthofmodernIndiaIslamicrevivalismtheFeraiziandWahabiMovements.
7.IndianResponsetoBritishRule:Peasantmovementsandtribaluprisingsinthe18thand19thcenturiesincludingtheRangpurDhing(1783),theKolRebellion(1832),theMoplaRebellioninMalabar(18411920),theSantalHul(1855),IndigoRebellion(185960),DeccanUprising(1875)andtheMundaUlgulan(18991900)TheGreatRevoltof1857Origin,Character,CausesoffailuretheconsequencesTheshiftinthecharacterofpeasantuprisingsinthepost1857periodthepeasantmovementsofthe1920sand1930s.
8.FactorsleadingtothebirthofIndianNationalism:PoliticsofAssociationTheFoundationoftheIndianNationalCongressTheSafetyvalvethesisrelatingtothebirthoftheCongressProgrammeandobjectivesofEarlyCongressthesocialcompositionofearlyCongressleadershipTheModeratesandExtremiststhePartitionofBengal(1905)TheSwadeshiMovementinBengaltheeconomicandpoliticalaspectsofSwadeshiMovementThebeginningofrevolutionaryextremisminIndia.
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9.RiseofGandhi,CharacterofGandhiannationalism:Gandhi'spopularappealRowlattSatyagrahatheKhilafatMovementtheNoncooperationMovementNationalpoliticsfromtheendoftheNoncooperationmovementtothebeginningoftheCivilDisobediencemovementthetwophasesoftheCivilDisobedienceMovementSimonCommissionTheNehruReporttheRoundTableConferencesNationalismandthePeasantMovementsNationalismandWorkingclassmovementsWomenandIndianyouthandstudentsinIndianpolitics(18851947)theelectionof1937andtheformationofministriesCrippsMissiontheQuitIndiaMovementtheWavellPlanTheCabinetMission.
10.ConstitutionalDevelopmentsintheColonialIndiabetween1858and1935.
11.OtherstrandsintheNationalMovementTheRevolutionaries:Bengal,thePunjab,Maharashtra,U.P,theMadrasPresidency,OutsideIndia.TheLeftTheLeftwithintheCongress:JawaharlalNehru,SubhasChandraBose,theCongressSocialistPartytheCommunistPartyofIndia,otherleftparties.
12.PoliticsofSeparatismtheMuslimLeague:theHinduMahasabhaCommunalismandthepoliticsofpartitionTransferofpowerIndependence.
13.ConsolidationasaNation:Nehru'sForeignPolicyIndiaandherneighbours(19471964)ThelinguisticreorganisationofStates(19351947)RegionalismandregionalinequalityIntegrationofPrincelyStatesPrincesinelectoralpoliticstheQuestionofNationalLanguage.
14.CasteandEthnicityafter1947:BackwardcastesandtribesinpostcolonialelectoralpoliticsDalitmovements.
15.Economicdevelopmentandpoliticalchange:LandreformsthepoliticsofplanningandruralreconstructionEcologyandenvironmentalpolicyinpostcolonialIndiaProgressofscience.
16.EnlightenmentandModernideas:(i)MajorideasofEnlightenment:Kant,Rousseau.(ii)SpreadofEnlightenmentinthecolonies.(iii)Riseofsocialistideas(uptoMarx)spreadofMarxianSocialism.
17.OriginsofModernPolitics:(i)EuropeanStatesSystem.(ii)AmericanRevolutionandtheConstitution.(iii)Frenchrevolutionandaftermath,17891815.(iv)AmericanCivilWarwithreferencetoAbrahamLincolnandtheabolitionofslavery.(v)BritishDemocraticPolitics,18151850ParliamentaryReformers,FreeTraders,Chartists.
18.Industrialization:(i)EnglishIndustrialRevolution:CausesandImpactonSociety(ii)Industrializationinothercountries:USA,Germany,Russia,Japan(iii)IndustrializationandGlobalization.
19.NationStateSystem:(i)RiseofNationalismin19thcentury(ii)Nationalism:statebuildinginGermanyandItaly(iii)DisintegrationofEmpiresinthefaceoftheemergenceofnationalitiesacrosstheworld.
20.ImperialismandColonialism:(i)SouthandSouthEastAsia(ii)LatinAmericaandSouthAfrica
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(iii)Australia(iv)Imperialismandfreetrade:Riseofneoimperialism.
21.RevolutionandCounterRevolution:(i)19thCenturyEuropeanrevolutions(ii)TheRussianRevolutionof19171921(iii)FascistCounterRevolution,ItalyandGermany.(iv)TheChineseRevolutionof1949
22.WorldWars:(i)1stand2ndWorldWarsasTotalWars:Societalimplications(ii)WorldWarI:Causesandconsequences(iii)WorldWarII:Causesandconsequence
23.TheWorldafterWorldWarII:(i)Emergenceoftwopowerblocs(ii)EmergenceofThirdWorldandnonalignment(iii)UNOandtheglobaldisputes.
24.LiberationfromColonialRule:(i)LatinAmericaBolivar(ii)ArabWorldEgypt(iii)AfricaApartheidtoDemocracy(iv)SouthEastAsiaVietnam
25.DecolonizationandUnderdevelopment:(i)Factorsconstrainingdevelopment:LatinAmerica,Africa
26.UnificationofEurope:(i)PostWarFoundations:NATOandEuropeanCommunity(ii)ConsolidationandExpansionofEuropeanCommunity(iii)EuropeanUnion.
27.DisintegrationofSovietUnionandtheRiseoftheUnipolarWorld:(i)FactorsleadingtothecollapseofSovietcommunismandtheSovietUnion,19851991(ii)PoliticalChangesinEasternEurope19892001.(iii)EndofthecoldwarandUSascendancyintheWorldasthelonesuperpower.
