HinduismBy: Sienna, Annika and Bella

● unknown specific origino only known area is in

present day Pakistan 4,000 years ago

● exits prior to recorded history● earliest documents 1500 B.C.

Origin

5 Beliefs

● believe in a creator who creates many godso Vaishnavism worships Vishnuo Saivism worships Shivao Shakta worships goddesseso Smarta worships Bhraman

● reincarnation:the religious or philosophical concept that the soul or spirit, after biological death, begins a new life in a new body

● karma: refers to the principle of causality where intent and actions of an individual influence the future of that individual

● nirvana: a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self; the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth

● rebirth: the process of being reincarnated or born again● caste system: system locking people into particular social

classes, imposing restrictions on lower castes

Caste System● 5 castes

o Brahmans (priests & top administrators)o Kshatriyas (warriors)o Vaisyas (merchants)o Shudras (agricultural workers and artisans)o Dalits (outcast or untouchables)

● been ethically challenged since 1800s, since implemented by British o neglects untouchables health and economic problemso have been historically discriminated againsto quota system being put into place by Indian government

giving more power and places in country’s university to the untouchables

Universal or Ethnic?

● Ethnico appeal to one group of

people in one place (India)

o lack of diffusiono lack of missionaries to

diffuse religion

Diffusion Over Time

● Originated in Indus Valley 4,000 years agoo Diffused to Southeast Asia (mostly India) &

island of Bali in Indonesia

The yellow space shows the diffusion of Hinduism over time.

Hinduism Distribution Map

Hierarchical or Autonomy?

● Autonomyo self sufficient religiono worship done alone or

with familyo share ideas through

pilgrimages and written scriptures

Distribution Today

● more than 750 million followers todayo highly concentrated in India

● 90% of Hindus are in India o the rest are in Nepal and Bangladesh

Sacred Spaces & Places

● Temples- small, dimly lit room with a statue of a god in the centero sometimes has a pool for ritual worshipo size can depend on wealth of individual

who has a temple● bathe in Ganges River (holiest river) to

gain purification● Pilgrimages to Mt. Siva

Main Deities

● Brahma- The creator ● Vishnu- The preserver (80% Worship)● Shiva- The destroyer ● Surya- The sun ● Gods worshiped depend on occupation,

beliefs and what the value important

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Geography." The Hindu. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Dec. 2014.

Religions: Diffusion and Origin." (n.d.): n. pag. Teacher Web Sheets. Web. 3 Dec. 2014.

Rubenstein, James M. The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005. Print.

The Geography of Hinduism." The Geography of Hinduism. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Dec. 2014.