HILLS BROS. Coffee Can Chronology

BLM

Alask

a

by Steve Lanford and Robin Mills

Hills Bros.Coffee Can Chronology

Field Guide

BLM

Alask

a

by Steve Lanford and Robin Mills

Hills Bros.Coffee Can Chronology

Field Guide

IllustrationsAll illustrations were created by Steve Lanford and Chuck Adkins.

DisclaimerThe mention of trade names or commercial products in this report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the federal government.

AuthorsSteve Lanford is an Archaeology Technician with the Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks District Office, in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Robin O. Mills is an Archaeologist with the Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks District Office in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Open File ReportsOpen File Reports issued by the Bureau of Land Management-Alaska present the results of inventories or other investigations on a variety of scientific and technical subjects that are made available to the public outside the formal BLM-Alaska technical publication series. These reports can include preliminary or incomplete data and are not published or distributed in quantity.

The reports are available while supplies last from the BLM Public Information Center, 222 West 7th Avenue #13, Anchorage, Alaska 99513, telephone (907) 271-5960; and from the Juneau - John Rishel Minerals Information Center, 100 Savikko Road, Mayflower Island, Douglas, AK 99824, (907) 586-7751. Copies are also available for inspection at the Alaska Resource Library and Information Service (Anchorage), the USDI Resources Library in Washington, D.C., various libraries of the University of Alaska, the BLM National Business Center Library (Denver), and other selected locations.

A complete bibliography of all BLM-Alaska scientific reports can be found on the Internet at: http://www.blm.gov/ak/ .

The BLM MissionThe Bureau of Land Management sustains the health, diversity, and productivity of the public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

BLM/AK/ST-07/006+8100+024

IllustrationsAll illustrations were created by Steve Lanford and Chuck Adkins.

DisclaimerThe mention of trade names or commercial products in this report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the federal government.

AuthorsSteve Lanford is an Archaeology Technician with the Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks District Office, in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Robin O. Mills is an Archaeologist with the Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks District Office in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Open File ReportsOpen File Reports issued by the Bureau of Land Management-Alaska present the results of inventories or other investigations on a variety of scientific and technical subjects that are made available to the public outside the formal BLM-Alaska technical publication series. These reports can include preliminary or incomplete data and are not published or distributed in quantity.

The reports are available while supplies last from the BLM Public Information Center, 222 West 7th Avenue #13, Anchorage, Alaska 99513, telephone (907) 271-5960; and from the Juneau - John Rishel Minerals Information Center, 100 Savikko Road, Mayflower Island, Douglas, AK 99824, (907) 586-7751. Copies are also available for inspection at the Alaska Resource Library and Information Service (Anchorage), the USDI Resources Library in Washington, D.C., various libraries of the University of Alaska, the BLM National Business Center Library (Denver), and other selected locations.

A complete bibliography of all BLM-Alaska scientific reports can be found on the Internet at: http://www.blm.gov/ak/ .

The BLM MissionThe Bureau of Land Management sustains the health, diversity, and productivity of the public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

BLM/AK/ST-07/006+8100+024

HILLS BROS. Coffee Can ChronologyFIELD GUIDE

By Steve Lanford and Robin Mills

BLM - Alaska Open File Report 1092006

U.S. Department of the InteriorBureau of Land Management

Fairbanks, Alaska


By Steve Lanford and Robin Mills

BLM - Alaska Open File Report 1092006

U.S. Department of the InteriorBureau of Land Management

Fairbanks, Alaska

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction and User Information ................................................... Pages 1-5

References ........................................................................................ Page 6

Logic Tree 1, Panels with Arab present ........................................... Page 7

Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders ......................................... Pages 9-10

Coffee Can Figures........................................................................... Pages 11-39

Table 1, Attribute Descriptions......................................................... Pages 41-50

Table 2, Figure Origins..................................................................... Page 51

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction and User Information ................................................... Pages 1-5

References ........................................................................................ Page 6

Logic Tree 1, Panels with Arab present ........................................... Page 7

Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders ......................................... Pages 9-10

Coffee Can Figures........................................................................... Pages 11-39

Table 1, Attribute Descriptions......................................................... Pages 41-50

Table 2, Figure Origins..................................................................... Page 51


INTRODUCTIONArchaeologists use various relative and absolute dating techniques to refine the

chronology of the sites they research. One artifact that is especially helpful on many 20th century western United States historic sites is the Hills Bros. coffee can. Hills Bros., established in San Francisco, California in 1878, produced the first vacuum-packed coffee available on the market. Through time, the lithographic images and information on Hills Bros. cans changed in subtle yet distinctive ways, which were first discussed and illustrated in T. Carroll Wilson’s A Background Story of Hills Bros. Coffee (1967). This field guide further refines the chronological attributes identified in these cans’ lithographic panels. We decided the easiest way to provide this data was to produce images of the entire lithography of each unique can type produced between 1900 and 1963. This time period spans from the first year that a Hills Bros. coffee tin can was produced to an arbitrarily selected end date associated with numerous technological changes in the cans’ manufacture. The images in this field guide are meant to be compared to cans found at sites in the field in order to help date a site’s occupation history. What is gained is immediate information that can be used by the field archaeologist. Also, cans may then be left in the field rather than brought back to a lab and expensively curated and stored.

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INTRODUCTIONArchaeologists use various relative and absolute dating techniques to refine the

chronology of the sites they research. One artifact that is especially helpful on many 20th century western United States historic sites is the Hills Bros. coffee can. Hills Bros., established in San Francisco, California in 1878, produced the first vacuum-packed coffee available on the market. Through time, the lithographic images and information on Hills Bros. cans changed in subtle yet distinctive ways, which were first discussed and illustrated in T. Carroll Wilson’s A Background Story of Hills Bros. Coffee (1967). This field guide further refines the chronological attributes identified in these cans’ lithographic panels. We decided the easiest way to provide this data was to produce images of the entire lithography of each unique can type produced between 1900 and 1963. This time period spans from the first year that a Hills Bros. coffee tin can was produced to an arbitrarily selected end date associated with numerous technological changes in the cans’ manufacture. The images in this field guide are meant to be compared to cans found at sites in the field in order to help date a site’s occupation history. What is gained is immediate information that can be used by the field archaeologist. Also, cans may then be left in the field rather than brought back to a lab and expensively curated and stored.

2

SOURCES OF THE IMAGES AND HOW THEY WERE CREATEDThe lithographic images were taken from both archaeological specimens and cans

bought on the Internet. Field experience has demonstrated that due to differential weathering, colors are unreliable for recognizing images. Accordingly, the break between yellow and white colors within some cans’ vertical information panels has been denoted using a “hairline.” This needs to be understood when reading attribute descriptions and comparing them to the black-and-white images, which were chosen over color images to provide clearer understanding of the image shapes.

The images were created using a flatbed scanner. Multiple “slices” of the lithographic label were scanned through a one-inch-wide slot in a mask on the scanner as the can was rotated sequentially from the body seam around the can back to the body seam. Those slices were then merged using image editing software. Once the scanned color image was pieced together, a graphics drawing program was used to create the black and white image, with the scanned image serving as a template. Certain choices that we made to ease production do not change an attribute’s chronology: (1) the Arab figure is one of two generic figures that do not include subtle changes made over time to the flowers on his robe; (2) some fonts are approximations in correct locations, not exact tracings; (3) fractions may be printed 2/3 rather than 2 over 3; and (4) an originally underlined word in the side panel may not be underlined.

2

SOURCES OF THE IMAGES AND HOW THEY WERE CREATEDThe lithographic images were taken from both archaeological specimens and cans

bought on the Internet. Field experience has demonstrated that due to differential weathering, colors are unreliable for recognizing images. Accordingly, the break between yellow and white colors within some cans’ vertical information panels has been denoted using a “hairline.” This needs to be understood when reading attribute descriptions and comparing them to the black-and-white images, which were chosen over color images to provide clearer understanding of the image shapes.

The images were created using a flatbed scanner. Multiple “slices” of the lithographic label were scanned through a one-inch-wide slot in a mask on the scanner as the can was rotated sequentially from the body seam around the can back to the body seam. Those slices were then merged using image editing software. Once the scanned color image was pieced together, a graphics drawing program was used to create the black and white image, with the scanned image serving as a template. Certain choices that we made to ease production do not change an attribute’s chronology: (1) the Arab figure is one of two generic figures that do not include subtle changes made over time to the flowers on his robe; (2) some fonts are approximations in correct locations, not exact tracings; (3) fractions may be printed 2/3 rather than 2 over 3; and (4) an originally underlined word in the side panel may not be underlined.

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It is important to note that the images presented are not the same size as the can. Our research suggests to us that American Can Company manufactured standard one-pound cans, to which the customer’s lithography was applied. In other words, the lithographic image was placed on a “field” consisting of the can body. As a consequence, portions of the can may have no lithography on them. Cans larger than the standard one-pound size depicted in this guide (i.e., 2 lb, 2 ½ lb, 4 lb or 5 lb cans) provided larger fields for the image, allowing for alterations in the lithography. In some cases the Arab figure will be below rather than between the words “Hills Bros.” In other cases, copyright and patent lines may vary in placement but remain within the same can panel. To date, the images presented here have been successfully used on 2, 2 ½, 4 and 5 lb cans after allowance for the larger panels on the larger cans.

WHAT’S NOT IN THIS GUIDEHills Bros. produced Blue Can Brand coffee (Rock, 1994) that was not vacuum-

packed. To date we do not feel confident that we have enough information about this series of cans to add it to this field guide.

There is a gap in the chronology for the years 1942–1945. During this period Hills Bros. coffee was packed in glass jars. These screw-top jars are unique, with a particular texture pattern and a smooth band where the paper label was applied around the jar’s midsection. At the bottom of the jar, a small, smooth panel contains the word “Duraglas” in raised, cursive lettering. An illustration of the jar and paper label is not included in this guide.

It is important to note that the images presented are not the same size as the can. Our research suggests to us that American Can Company manufactured standard one-pound cans, to which the customer’s lithography was applied. In other words, the lithographic image was placed on a “field” consisting of the can body. As a consequence, portions of the can may have no lithography on them. Cans larger than the standard one-pound size depicted in this guide (i.e., 2 lb, 2 ½ lb, 4 lb or 5 lb cans) provided larger fields for the image, allowing for alterations in the lithography. In some cases the Arab figure will be below rather than between the words “Hills Bros.” In other cases, copyright and patent lines may vary in placement but remain within the same can panel. To date, the images presented here have been successfully used on 2, 2 ½, 4 and 5 lb cans after allowance for the larger panels on the larger cans.

WHAT’S NOT IN THIS GUIDEHills Bros. produced Blue Can Brand coffee (Rock, 1994) that was not vacuum-

packed. To date we do not feel confident that we have enough information about this series of cans to add it to this field guide.

There is a gap in the chronology for the years 1942–1945. During this period Hills Bros. coffee was packed in glass jars. These screw-top jars are unique, with a particular texture pattern and a smooth band where the paper label was applied around the jar’s midsection. At the bottom of the jar, a small, smooth panel contains the word “Duraglas” in raised, cursive lettering. An illustration of the jar and paper label is not included in this guide.

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A word of caution—there are replica Hills Bros. cans in existence. These cans have a lithography style from the 1900–1906 period, yet they have straight sides with body rings (post-1963 for Hills Bros. cans) and a cut-out top style. These replica cans are not included in this guide.

HOW TO USE THE BOOKLETEach image in the booklet has arrows and numbers pointing to attributes on

the can. These attributes are identifiable “fragments” of the image with their own date ranges. Attributes combine in such a way as to form a chronologically discrete lithographic image. Users may find that certain attributes become key triggers for identification. Some users may discover that an “attribute checklist” approach works best for them, while others may prefer matching the images with the can and then cross-checking against the attribute.

The images in the booklet are arranged chronologically from the original vacuum-packed can in 1900 to the selected cut-off date of 1963. The images are arranged on the page as if the can were held in the hand at eye level, with the can seam in the center, and then rotated so that the image is revealed from the right. This allows consistency in the numbering of the panels. Panels are “blocks” of the figure and are sequentially numbered from the seam, going to the right, around the can, and back to the seam (e.g., can seam \ Panel 1\ Panel 2 \ Panel 3 \ etc. back to the can seam).

A word of caution—there are replica Hills Bros. cans in existence. These cans have a lithography style from the 1900–1906 period, yet they have straight sides with body rings (post-1963 for Hills Bros. cans) and a cut-out top style. These replica cans are not included in this guide.

HOW TO USE THE BOOKLETEach image in the booklet has arrows and numbers pointing to attributes on

the can. These attributes are identifiable “fragments” of the image with their own date ranges. Attributes combine in such a way as to form a chronologically discrete lithographic image. Users may find that certain attributes become key triggers for identification. Some users may discover that an “attribute checklist” approach works best for them, while others may prefer matching the images with the can and then cross-checking against the attribute.

The images in the booklet are arranged chronologically from the original vacuum-packed can in 1900 to the selected cut-off date of 1963. The images are arranged on the page as if the can were held in the hand at eye level, with the can seam in the center, and then rotated so that the image is revealed from the right. This allows consistency in the numbering of the panels. Panels are “blocks” of the figure and are sequentially numbered from the seam, going to the right, around the can, and back to the seam (e.g., can seam \ Panel 1\ Panel 2 \ Panel 3 \ etc. back to the can seam).

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We have supplied two logic trees (pp. 7–9) that have worked well for us. The first asks a series of questions about key attributes. As you answer the questions, the logic tree directs you to your can’s page in this booklet. The second logic tree focuses on the type of border around information panels 1, 3, and 5. Match the border….and find your can! Remember the goal: a date for the site record and the can remaining in the field.

Two tables are provided at the end of this booklet. Table 1 provides the attribute description, panel number (following the convention just described) and date range for that attribute. The second table provides sources for each image as well as other known can sizes for each can type. See Acknowledgements for sources of cans found in this table.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis project would have taken much longer and resulted in much poorer images

had it not been for the following assistance of: Charles “Chuck” Adkins, BLM, for guidance and use of the scanner and digital editing software; Stacie McIntosh, BLM, for her knowledge and assistance with the graphics drawing software; and Diane Hunt and Craig McCaa, BLM, for editing and layout. Daniel Odess and Archaeology Collections Manager James Whitney, both of the University of Alaska Museum of the North, and Pete Bowers, of Northern Land Use Research, Inc., loaned archaeological can specimens.

We have supplied two logic trees (pp. 7–9) that have worked well for us. The first asks a series of questions about key attributes. As you answer the questions, the logic tree directs you to your can’s page in this booklet. The second logic tree focuses on the type of border around information panels 1, 3, and 5. Match the border….and find your can! Remember the goal: a date for the site record and the can remaining in the field.

Two tables are provided at the end of this booklet. Table 1 provides the attribute description, panel number (following the convention just described) and date range for that attribute. The second table provides sources for each image as well as other known can sizes for each can type. See Acknowledgements for sources of cans found in this table.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis project would have taken much longer and resulted in much poorer images

had it not been for the following assistance of: Charles “Chuck” Adkins, BLM, for guidance and use of the scanner and digital editing software; Stacie McIntosh, BLM, for her knowledge and assistance with the graphics drawing software; and Diane Hunt and Craig McCaa, BLM, for editing and layout. Daniel Odess and Archaeology Collections Manager James Whitney, both of the University of Alaska Museum of the North, and Pete Bowers, of Northern Land Use Research, Inc., loaned archaeological can specimens.

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REFERENCES

T. Carroll Wilson, 1967, A Background Story of Hills Bros. Coffee, Inc. Hills Bros Coffee, Inc., San Francisco.

T. Carroll Wilson, 1976, The Origin and Development of Vacuum-Packed Coffee. Tea and Coffee Trade Journal, Sept. pp. 22–24, 46–47, 66.

James T. Rock, 1994, Coffee: Common Shapes. Unpublished manuscript in possession of the authors.

REFERENCES

T. Carroll Wilson, 1967, A Background Story of Hills Bros. Coffee, Inc. Hills Bros Coffee, Inc., San Francisco.

T. Carroll Wilson, 1976, The Origin and Development of Vacuum-Packed Coffee. Tea and Coffee Trade Journal, Sept. pp. 22–24, 46–47, 66.

James T. Rock, 1994, Coffee: Common Shapes. Unpublished manuscript in possession of the authors.

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• 2 lb Tapered Can Fig. 1 (1900-1906)• “Java and Mocha” Fig. 2 (1903-1906)• “Highest Grade Coffee” Fig. 3 (1906-1914(A))

Fig. 4 (1906-1914(B))• “Red Can Brand” Fig. 5 (1914-ca.1920)

Fig. 6 (ca.1920-1922)

Logic Tree 1, Panels with Arab figure present

Arab in Left panel

Hills Bros Coffee CanQ(1) Is the Arab in the Left or Center panel?

Arab in the CenterQ(2) Words “Hills Bros”Title Caps or ALL CAPS?

Title CapsQ(3) arm of “r” in BrosStraight or Curved?

ALL CAPSQ(4)leg of “R” in BROSStraight or Curved?

Curved leg “R”-Fig. 13, 14, and 15 (1945-1963)

Straight leg “R”Period after BROSYes or No?

{Straight arm “r”-Fig. 7-9 (1922-1932)

Curved arm “r”- Fig. 10 (1932-1936)

Yes-Fig. 11 (1936-1939)

No-Fig. 12 (1939-1942)

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• 2 lb Tapered Can Fig. 1 (1900-1906)• “Java and Mocha” Fig. 2 (1903-1906)• “Highest Grade Coffee” Fig. 3 (1906-1914(A))

Fig. 4 (1906-1914(B))• “Red Can Brand” Fig. 5 (1914-ca.1920)

Fig. 6 (ca.1920-1922)

Logic Tree 1, Panels with Arab figure present

Arab in Left panel

Hills Bros Coffee CanQ(1) Is the Arab in the Left or Center panel?

Arab in the CenterQ(2) Words “Hills Bros”Title Caps or ALL CAPS?

Title CapsQ(3) arm of “r” in BrosStraight or Curved?

ALL CAPSQ(4)leg of “R” in BROSStraight or Curved?

Curved leg “R”-Fig. 13, 14, and 15 (1945-1963)

Straight leg “R”Period after BROSYes or No?

{Straight arm “r”-Fig. 7-9 (1922-1932)

Curved arm “r”- Fig. 10 (1932-1936)

Yes-Fig. 11 (1936-1939)

No-Fig. 12 (1939-1942)

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Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders

(1) “Banner and Harp” see: Fig. 2, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 3, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 4, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 5, panel 1

(2) “Coarse Filigree” see: Fig. 4, panel 3 Fig. 6, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 7, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 8, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 9, panels 1, 3, and 5

(3) “Fine Filigree” see: Fig. 10, panels 1, 3, and 5

9

Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders

(1) “Banner and Harp” see: Fig. 2, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 3, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 4, panels 1 and 3 Fig. 5, panel 1

(2) “Coarse Filigree” see: Fig. 4, panel 3 Fig. 6, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 7, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 8, panels 1, 3, and 5 Fig. 9, panels 1, 3, and 5

(3) “Fine Filigree” see: Fig. 10, panels 1, 3, and 5

10

Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders (continued)

(6) “One-Line Square Corners” see: Fig. 13, panels 1, 3, and 5

Fig. 14, panels 1, 3, and 5Fig. 15, panels 1, 3, and 5

(4) “Two-Line Stepped Corners” see: Fig. 11, panels 1, 3, and 5

(5) “One-Line Stepped Corners”see: Fig. 12, panels 1, 3, 5

10

Logic Tree 2, Information Panel Borders (continued)

(6) “One-Line Square Corners” see: Fig. 13, panels 1, 3, and 5

Fig. 14, panels 1, 3, and 5Fig. 15, panels 1, 3, and 5

(4) “Two-Line Stepped Corners” see: Fig. 11, panels 1, 3, and 5

(5) “One-Line Stepped Corners”see: Fig. 12, panels 1, 3, 5

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1900 - 1906Figure 1:

2 1

(Attribute descriptions for all figures are found in Table 1)

1900 - 1906Figure 1:

2 1

(Attribute descriptions for all figures are found in Table 1)

wlongtin

Note

pages 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 blank

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1903 - 1906Figure 2:

3 2 5 6 454

10 158

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1903 - 1906Figure 2:

3 2 5 6 454

10 158

9

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1906 - 1914 (A)Figure 3:

1906 - 1914 (A)Figure 3:

15

3 4 2022

2 16 12 7 18 14 19 15

23 11 21 13

3 4 2022

2 16 12 7 18 14 19 15

23 11 21 13

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1906 - 1914 (B)Figure 4:

17

1906 - 1914 (B)Figure 4:

3 24 25 422

2 16 12 7 14 15

1126 2117 13 29 28

27 18 80

3 24 25 422

2 16 12 7 14 15

1126 2117 13 29 28

27 18 80

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1914 - ca1920Figure 5:

1914 - ca1920Figure 5:

3

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AMERICAN CAN CO. 94 A VACUUM PACKAGE AND PROCESS PATENTED

1 lb Net Weight

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NATURE PRODUCES THE FLAVOR

O F T H E C O F F E E - W E D E V E L O P A N DPRESERVE THE FLAVOR BY SCIENTIFICMETHODS OF BLENDING, ROASTINGAND PACKING. THE COFFEE IS TURN-ED OVER TO YOU IN PERFECT CON-DITION. HERE OUR RESPONSIBILITYCEASES, AND UNLESS YOU WILL CO-OPERATE WITH US BY SEEING THATTHE COFFEE IS MADE PROPERLY OUREFFORTS AND YOUR MONEY WILL BE

(VACUUM PACKED)(VACUUM PACKED)

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ca1920 - 1922Figure 6:

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COFFEE LOGIC

N AT U R E P R O D U C E S T H E F L AV O R

O F F I N E C O F F E E - W E D E V E L O P A N D

P R E S E RV E T H E F L AV O R B Y S C I E N T I F I C

M E T H O D S O F B L E N D I N G, R O A S T I N G

A N D PA C K I N G. T H E C O F F E E I S T U R N -

E D O V E R T O Y O U I N P E R F E C T C O N -

D I T I O N . H E R E O U R R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y

C E A S E S , A N D U N L E S S Y O U W I L L C O -

O P E R A T E W I T H U S B Y S E E I N G T H A T

T H E C O F F E E I S M A D E P R O P E R LY, O U R

E F F O R T S A N D Y O U R M O N E Y W I L L B E

WA S T E D .

T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F.C T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F.C

42

46

3722

12 18 19 15 39 5345 44 16 4743

21 49 50 5248 11 51

A . C . C 9 4 AO

SA

N F

RA

NC

ISC

OC

AL

IF.

U.S

.A.

PA

CK

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AN

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UA

RA

NT

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D B

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COFFEE LOGIC












WA S T E D .


42

46

3722

12 18 19 15 39 5345 44 16 4743

21 49 50 5248 11 51

25

1926Figure 8:

1926Figure 8:

25

A . C . C 9 4 AO

SA

N F

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NC

ISC

OC

AL

IF.

U.S

.A.

PA

CK

ED

AN

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RA

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D B

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COFFEE LOGIC












WA S T E D .


42 37 12 18 19 15 39 5345 44 16 4754

21 49 50 5248 11 51 43

A . C . C 9 4 AO

SA

N F

RA

NC

ISC

OC

AL

IF.

U.S

.A.

PA

CK

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AN

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D B

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COFFEE LOGIC












WA S T E D .


42 37 12 18 19 15 39 5345 44 16 4754

21 49 50 5248 11 51 43

27

1927-1932Figure 9:

1927-1932Figure 9:

27

A . C . C . 9 4 AO

SA

N

FR

AN

CI

SC

OC

AL

IF.

U.S

.A.

PA

CK

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A

ND

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UA

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BY

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1

87

8

N O T I C EO N L Y N A T U R E C A N P R O D U C E T H E

F L AV O R O F F I N E C O F F E E . T H R O U G HS C I E N T I F I C M E T H O D S , O F B L E N D I N G,R O A S T I N G A N D P A C K I N G . W ED E V E L O P A N D P R E S E R V E T H I SF L AV O R . W E C A N D O N O M O R E . T H EC O F F E E I N T H I S C A N I S T U R N E DO V E R T O Y O U I N P E R F E C T C O N -D I T I O N . I F Y O U W I L L C O O P E R A T EW I T H U S B Y S E E I N G T H AT T H E C O F -F E E I S C A R E F U L L Y A N D P R O P E R L YM A D E , O U R C O M B I N E D E F F O R T SW I L L R E S U L T I N A P E R F E C T C U P .

Our booklet on coffee makingwill be sent upon request.

C T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F. C T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F.

42 37 12 18 19 15 39 5645 44 16 47 54

43

21 49 50 5248 11 51

A . C . C . 9 4 AO

SA

N

FR

AN

CI

SC

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.A.

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1

87

8

N O T I C EO N L Y N A T U R E C A N P R O D U C E T H E

F L AV O R O F F I N E C O F F E E . T H R O U G HS C I E N T I F I C M E T H O D S , O F B L E N D I N G,R O A S T I N G A N D P A C K I N G . W ED E V E L O P A N D P R E S E R V E T H I SF L AV O R . W E C A N D O N O M O R E . T H EC O F F E E I N T H I S C A N I S T U R N E DO V E R T O Y O U I N P E R F E C T C O N -D I T I O N . I F Y O U W I L L C O O P E R A T EW I T H U S B Y S E E I N G T H AT T H E C O F -F E E I S C A R E F U L L Y A N D P R O P E R L YM A D E , O U R C O M B I N E D E F F O R T SW I L L R E S U L T I N A P E R F E C T C U P .

Our booklet on coffee makingwill be sent upon request.

C T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F. C T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F.

42 37 12 18 19 15 39 5645 44 16 47 54

43

21 49 50 5248 11 51

29

1932 - 1936Figure 10:

1932 - 1936Figure 10:

29

TH

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ST

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18

78

NOTICEO N L Y N A T U R E C A N P R O D U C E T H E

F L A V O R O F F I N E C O F F E E . T H R O U G HS C I E N T I F I C M E T H O D S O F B L E N D I N G ,R O A S T I N G A N D PA C K I N G, W E D E V E L O PA N D P R E S E R V E T H I S F L AV O R . I F Y O UW I L L L C O O P E R AT E W I T H U S B Y U S I N GC A R E I N M A K I N G T H E B E V E R A G E ,O U R C O M B I N E D E F F O R T S W I L LR E S U L T I N A P E R F E C T C U P.

T H I S C O F F E E S H O U L D N O T B ER E G R O U N D F O R I T W I L L G I V EP E R F E C T R E S U L T S W H E N M A D E I NA D R I P P O T , P E R C O L A T O R O R U R N ,O R B Y A N Y A P P R O V E D M E T H O D .

Full directions for coffee makingwill be sent upon request.

A . C . C O . 9 4 - A

T R A D E M A R K R E G. U . S . PAT. O F F.

COPYRIGHT 1922- 1932 BY HILLS BROS.



58 69 12 59 19 15 57

63

57 44 16 47 54

43

2149 50 5260 62 5161

TH

E F

INE

ST

CO

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EE

S A

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18

78

NOTICEO N L Y N A T U R E C A N P R O D U C E T H E

F L A V O R O F F I N E C O F F E E . T H R O U G HS C I E N T I F I C M E T H O D S O F B L E N D I N G ,R O A S T I N G A N D PA C K I N G, W E D E V E L O PA N D P R E S E R V E T H I S F L AV O R . I F Y O UW I L L L C O O P E R AT E W I T H U S B Y U S I N GC A R E I N M A K I N G T H E B E V E R A G E ,O U R C O M B I N E D E F F O R T S W I L LR E S U L T I N A P E R F E C T C U P.

T H I S C O F F E E S H O U L D N O T B ER E G R O U N D F O R I T W I L L G I V EP E R F E C T R E S U L T S W H E N M A D E I NA D R I P P O T , P E R C O L A T O R O R U R N ,O R B Y A N Y A P P R O V E D M E T H O D .

Full directions for coffee makingwill be sent upon request.

A . C . C O . 9 4 - A





58 69 12 59 19 15 57

63

57 44 16 47 54

43

2149 50 5260 62 5161

31

1936 - 1939

31

Figure 11:

1936 - 1939Figure 11:

O N E P O U N D N E T W E I G H T4 5 4 G R A M S N E T W E I G H T

A.C. CO. 94-A XCOPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS. COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.

The OriginalVacuum Pack


“C

ON

TO

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.S.A

.E

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D 1

87

8

G O O D C O F F E ED E S E R V E S C A R E I N B R E W I N G

OF HILLS BROS. COFFEEIS A STANDARD SET BY OUR KNOWLEDGE OFCOFFEE ACQUIRED THROUGH MORE THAN HALFA CENTURY OF ROASTING AND PACKING COFFEE

IS AS FINE AS COFFEESHOULD BE GROUND, FINER GRINDING SACRI-FICES FLAVOR AND AROMA, AS WELL AS KEEPINGQUALITIES AFTER THE CAN IS OPENED. THISCOFFEE SHOULD NOT BE REGROUND.

IS GUARANTEED TO PRO-DUCE THE FINEST TASTING BEVERAGE IN ANYTYPE OF COFFEE-MAKER.

DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING COFFEE BY THE METHOD

YOU USE WILL BE SENT ON REQUEST.

O N E P O U N D N E T W E I G H T

58 68 65 67 19 71 16 47 54

43

21 72 5073 62 51

66 70

647461

O N E P O U N D N E T W E I G H T4 5 4 G R A M S N E T W E I G H T

A.C. CO. 94-A XCOPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS. COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.



“C

ON

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SA

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., U

.S.A

.E

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AB

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D 1

87

8

G O O D C O F F E ED E S E R V E S C A R E I N B R E W I N G

OF HILLS BROS. COFFEEIS A STANDARD SET BY OUR KNOWLEDGE OFCOFFEE ACQUIRED THROUGH MORE THAN HALFA CENTURY OF ROASTING AND PACKING COFFEE

IS AS FINE AS COFFEESHOULD BE GROUND, FINER GRINDING SACRI-FICES FLAVOR AND AROMA, AS WELL AS KEEPINGQUALITIES AFTER THE CAN IS OPENED. THISCOFFEE SHOULD NOT BE REGROUND.

IS GUARANTEED TO PRO-DUCE THE FINEST TASTING BEVERAGE IN ANYTYPE OF COFFEE-MAKER.

DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING COFFEE BY THE METHOD

YOU USE WILL BE SENT ON REQUEST.

O N E P O U N D N E T W E I G H T

58 68 65 67 19 71 16 47 54

43

21 72 5073 62 51

66 70

647461

33

1939 - 1942Figure 12:

1939 - 1942Figure 12:

33

58 76 65 67 80 7716 47 5443

41 72 5079 62 51

66 81

647461 2175 78

MA

RC

A R

EG

IST

RA

DA

REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.

58 76 65 67 80 7716 47 5443

41 72 5079 62 51

66 81

647461 2175 78

MA

RC

A R

EG

IST

RA

DA

REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.

35

1945 - 1952Figure 13:

1945 - 1952Figure 13:

35

The Original Vacuum PackRed Can BrandT R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F .R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F .

TH

E F

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ST

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22

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-36

BY

HIL

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.


NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS) 1 LB. NET1 LB. NET

PA

CK

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AN

D G

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OF

FE

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2 H

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AN

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AN

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.

PL

AN

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WA

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ISH

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18

78

1 LB. NET

1 LB. NET

1 LB. NET

FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKINGMEASURE CAREFULLY: 2 level tablespoons of coffee to eachcup of water. Vary water slightly for exact strength desired.Consistent timing is important. Keep coffee-maker clean.COFFEEPOT: Bring coffee and water just to boi l ing point .Remove from heat. Stir well. Add small amount of cold waterand let stand 5 minutes to settle grounds.STEEPING: Pour boiling water on coffee. Stir well. Stir again in5 minutes. Steep 5 to 10 minutes more. Keep hot but not not boil.PERCOLATOR: “Perk” gently 7 to 10 minutes after pumping starts.VACUUM METHOD: Put upper bowl on after water boils. Stirmixture well in upper bowl. Control heat to keep water andcoffee in contact 5 to 7 minutes.DRIP METHOD: Use fresh, briskly boiling water. If less than2/3 capacity is made, water may drip too fast, giving weakbrew. When dripping is completed, remove upper section. Stirbrew and serve.

COMPLETE DIRECTIONS SENT ON REQUEST

C O P Y R I G H T 1 9 3 9 - 4 2 - 4 5 B Y H I L L S B R O S . C O F F E E , I N C .

58 85 65 84 80 778382

54

43

92 95 62 94

47 87

649390 9175 8886 (5 to 7 minutes) 78

MA

RC

A R

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IS

TR

AD

A


TH

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S A

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22

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NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS) 1 LB. NET1 LB. NET

PA

CK

ED

AN

D G

UA

RA

NT

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D B

Y

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LS

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AN

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.

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18

78

1 LB. NET

1 LB. NET

1 LB. NET

FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKINGMEASURE CAREFULLY: 2 level tablespoons of coffee to eachcup of water. Vary water slightly for exact strength desired.Consistent timing is important. Keep coffee-maker clean.COFFEEPOT: Bring coffee and water just to boi l ing point .Remove from heat. Stir well. Add small amount of cold waterand let stand 5 minutes to settle grounds.STEEPING: Pour boiling water on coffee. Stir well. Stir again in5 minutes. Steep 5 to 10 minutes more. Keep hot but not not boil.PERCOLATOR: “Perk” gently 7 to 10 minutes after pumping starts.VACUUM METHOD: Put upper bowl on after water boils. Stirmixture well in upper bowl. Control heat to keep water andcoffee in contact 5 to 7 minutes.DRIP METHOD: Use fresh, briskly boiling water. If less than2/3 capacity is made, water may drip too fast, giving weakbrew. When dripping is completed, remove upper section. Stirbrew and serve.


C O P Y R I G H T 1 9 3 9 - 4 2 - 4 5 B Y H I L L S B R O S . C O F F E E , I N C .

58 85 65 84 80 778382

54

43

92 95 62 94

47 87

649390 9175 8886 (5 to 7 minutes) 78

MA

RC

A R

EG

IS

TR

AD

A

37

37

1952 - 1963 (A)Figure 14:

1952 - 1963 (A)Figure 14:

58 85 65 84 80 778382

5443

92 95 62 94

47

649397 9198 8896(approximately 5 minutes)

8975

100

1 LB NET

87

REG . U .S . PAT. OFF. T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . PAT. O F F.

58 85 65 84 80 778382

5443

92 95 62 94

47

649397 9198 8896(approximately 5 minutes)

8975

100

1 LB NET

87

REG . U .S . PAT. OFF. T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . PAT. O F F.

39

1952 - 1963 (B)Figure 15:

39

1952 - 1963 (B)Figure 15:

NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS)

FOR DRIP POT OR VACUUM-TYPE MAKERMEASURE CAREFULLY: 2 l e v e l t a b l e s p o o n s o f c o f f e e t o e a c h6 o z . c u p o f w a t e r . Va r y w a t e r s l i g h t l y f o r e x a c t s t r e n g t h d e -s i r e d . C o n s i s t e n t t i m i n g i s i m p o r t a n t . K e e p c o f f e e - m a k e r c l e a n .I f o p e r a t e d a t l e s s t h a n 2 / 3 c a p a c i t y , b r e w i s a p t t o b e w e a k .

P r e h e a t p o t w i t h h o t w a t e r b e f o r e u s i n g .D R I P M E T H O D :M e a s u r e c o f f e e i n t o f i l t e r s e c t i o n . M e a s u r e f r e s h , b r i s k l y b o i l -i n g w a t e r i n t o u p p e r c o n t a i n e r . W h e n d r i p p i n g i s c o m p l e t e dr e m o v e u p p e r s e c t i o n . S t i r b r e w a n d s e r v e .

VA C U U M M E T H O D : B r i n g w a t e r t o l o w e r b o w l t o b o i l i n g .R e d u c e h e a t ( i f e l e c t r i c , t u r n o f f , b u t l e a v e b o w l o n u n i t ) .T h e n p l a c e u p p e r b o w l c o n t a i n i n g f i l t e r a n d g r o u n d c o f f e e o n

l o w e r b o w l . W h e n w a t e r h a s r i s e n i n t o u p p e r b o w l , s t i r c o f f e e

a n d w a t e r t h r o u g h l y ( a b o u t 3 0 s e c o n d s ) . I n a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4m i n u t e s ( e x a c t t i m e d e p e n d s o n s t r e n g t h d e s i r e d ) . r e m o v e c o m -p l e t e l y f r o m h e a t s o c o f f e e b r e w w i l l r e t u r n t o l o w e r b o w l .T h e n r e m o v e u p p e r b o w l a n d c o f f e e i s r e a d y t o s e r v e .


The Original Vacuum Pack1 LB NET

1 LB NETR E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . C O P Y R I G H T 1 9 3 9 - 4 2 - 4 5 - 5 2 B Y H I L L S B R O S . C O F F E E , I N C .

MA

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18

78

The Original Vacuum PackR E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F .

Red Can BrandCA

NC

OTM

AM

ER

.CA

NC

O.

RE

G.

U.S

.P

AT.

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NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS)

FOR DRIP POT OR VACUUM-TYPE MAKERMEASURE CAREFULLY: 2 l e v e l t a b l e s p o o n s o f c o f f e e t o e a c h6 o z . c u p o f w a t e r . Va r y w a t e r s l i g h t l y f o r e x a c t s t r e n g t h d e -s i r e d . C o n s i s t e n t t i m i n g i s i m p o r t a n t . K e e p c o f f e e - m a k e r c l e a n .I f o p e r a t e d a t l e s s t h a n 2 / 3 c a p a c i t y , b r e w i s a p t t o b e w e a k .

P r e h e a t p o t w i t h h o t w a t e r b e f o r e u s i n g .D R I P M E T H O D :M e a s u r e c o f f e e i n t o f i l t e r s e c t i o n . M e a s u r e f r e s h , b r i s k l y b o i l -i n g w a t e r i n t o u p p e r c o n t a i n e r . W h e n d r i p p i n g i s c o m p l e t e dr e m o v e u p p e r s e c t i o n . S t i r b r e w a n d s e r v e .

VA C U U M M E T H O D : B r i n g w a t e r t o l o w e r b o w l t o b o i l i n g .R e d u c e h e a t ( i f e l e c t r i c , t u r n o f f , b u t l e a v e b o w l o n u n i t ) .T h e n p l a c e u p p e r b o w l c o n t a i n i n g f i l t e r a n d g r o u n d c o f f e e o n

l o w e r b o w l . W h e n w a t e r h a s r i s e n i n t o u p p e r b o w l , s t i r c o f f e e

a n d w a t e r t h r o u g h l y ( a b o u t 3 0 s e c o n d s ) . I n a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4m i n u t e s ( e x a c t t i m e d e p e n d s o n s t r e n g t h d e s i r e d ) . r e m o v e c o m -p l e t e l y f r o m h e a t s o c o f f e e b r e w w i l l r e t u r n t o l o w e r b o w l .T h e n r e m o v e u p p e r b o w l a n d c o f f e e i s r e a d y t o s e r v e .


The Original Vacuum Pack1 LB NET

1 LB NETR E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . C O P Y R I G H T 1 9 3 9 - 4 2 - 4 5 - 5 2 B Y H I L L S B R O S . C O F F E E , I N C .

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The Original Vacuum PackR E G . U . S . P A T . O F F . T R A D E M A R K S R E G . U . S . P A T . O F F .

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41

# Description Panel # (*) Date Range

1 Unique tapered can 1900-1903

“2 LB. PACKAGE” at top of panel

“CAN AND PROCESS PATENTED”- right side of Arab

“HIGHEST GRADE”-right middle of panel

“JAVA AND MOCHA”-lower right side of panel

“HILLS BROS. / SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” /-in black block at bottom of panel

2 Arab-left of panel 2,4 1900-1922

3 Banner and Harp 1 1903-1914


5 “CAN AND PROCESS PATENTED”- right side of Arab

2 1903-1906

6 “ONE POUND PACKAGE”- right of Arab, near top of can

2 1903-1906

7 “HIGHEST GRADE”-right middle of panel 2,4 1903-1914

41

* Panel # for all cans except Unique Tapered Can 1900-1903

Table 1, Attribute Descriptions


1 Unique tapered can 1900-1903

“2 LB. PACKAGE” at top of panel

“CAN AND PROCESS PATENTED”- right side of Arab

“HIGHEST GRADE”-right middle of panel

“JAVA AND MOCHA”-lower right side of panel

“HILLS BROS. / SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” /-in black block at bottom of panel

2 Arab-left of panel 2,4 1900-1922



5 “CAN AND PROCESS PATENTED”- right side of Arab

2 1903-1906

6 “ONE POUND PACKAGE”- right of Arab, near top of can

2 1903-1906

7 “HIGHEST GRADE”-right middle of panel 2,4 1903-1914

* Panel # for all cans except Unique Tapered Can 1900-1903

Table 1, Attribute Descriptions

42


8 “JAVA AND MOCHA”-lower right side of panel 2 1903-1906

9 “HILLS BROS. / SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” /-in black block at bottom of panel

2 1903-1906

10 Unique panel includes: “HILLS BROS” at top of panel; “VACUUM PACKED”, under HILLS BROS; “HIGHEST GRADE” above “JAVA AND MOCHA COFFEE”;”JAVA AND MOCHA COFFEE”-in black diagonal panel; “WILL KEEP FRESH FOREVER IF/SEAL IS UNBROKEN/”-undulating under diagonal panel; Circular panel-right side of panel, under diagonal panel; “SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” at bottom left of panel

4 1903-1906

11 ARAB’S left foot -NOT VISIBLE- 2,4 1906-1932

12 “Hills Bros”-Title Caps 2,4 1906-1936

13 Hooked C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1906-1922

14 Apostrophe - after Bros 2,4 1906-1914

15 HEAVY framing line on Panel 2,4 1903-1936

16 Bookman font - “Hills Bros” 2,4 1906-1942

17 “Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.” (only) - curved under Arab 2,4 1906-1914 (B)

42


8 “JAVA AND MOCHA”-lower right side of panel 2 1903-1906

9 “HILLS BROS. / SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” /-in black block at bottom of panel

2 1903-1906

10 Unique panel includes: “HILLS BROS” at top of panel; “VACUUM PACKED”, under HILLS BROS; “HIGHEST GRADE” above “JAVA AND MOCHA COFFEE”;”JAVA AND MOCHA COFFEE”-in black diagonal panel; “WILL KEEP FRESH FOREVER IF/SEAL IS UNBROKEN/”-undulating under diagonal panel; Circular panel-right side of panel, under diagonal panel; “SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.” at bottom left of panel

4 1903-1906

11 ARAB’S left foot -NOT VISIBLE- 2,4 1906-1932

12 “Hills Bros”-Title Caps 2,4 1906-1936

13 Hooked C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1906-1922

14 Apostrophe - after Bros 2,4 1906-1914

15 HEAVY framing line on Panel 2,4 1903-1936

16 Bookman font - “Hills Bros” 2,4 1906-1942

17 “Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.” (only) - curved under Arab 2,4 1906-1914 (B)


18 “Straight” arm on lower case “r” in Bros 2,4 1906-1932

19 PERIOD-after Bros. 2,4 1906(A)-1939

20 Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.- vertically along left inside of panel 2,4 1906-1914(A)

21 Bookman font - “COFFEE” 2,4 1906-1942

22 Cut-out top (rather than key strip open) n/a 1900-1926

23 “AMERICAN CAN CO. 94-A,” under framing line, centered, under panel

2 1906-1914(A)

24 “HILLS BROS. VACUUM \ PACKED COFFEE”, in banner

1 1906-1914(B)

25 “THE VOLATILE…GAS ROASTED” verbiage in panel

1 1906-1914(B)

26 “AMERICAN CAN CO.”-left-under panel 2 - NOT repeated under panel 4

2 1906-1914(B)

27 “1 lb Net”-above Hills Bros’ 2,4 1906-1914(B)

28 “VACUUM PACKED” without brackets - above COFFEE

2,4 1906-1914(B)

29 “VACUUM PACKAGE AND PROCESS PATENTED”- under COFFEE

2,4 1906-1914

43


18 “Straight” arm on lower case “r” in Bros 2,4 1906-1932

19 PERIOD-after Bros. 2,4 1906(A)-1939

20 Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.- vertically along left inside of panel 2,4 1906-1914(A)

21 Bookman font - “COFFEE” 2,4 1906-1942

22 Cut-out top (rather than key strip open) n/a 1900-1926

23 “AMERICAN CAN CO. 94-A,” under framing line, centered, under panel

2 1906-1914(A)

24 “HILLS BROS. VACUUM \ PACKED COFFEE”, in banner

1 1906-1914(B)

25 “THE VOLATILE…GAS ROASTED” verbiage in panel

1 1906-1914(B)

26 “AMERICAN CAN CO.”-left-under panel 2 - NOT repeated under panel 4

2 1906-1914(B)

27 “1 lb Net”-above Hills Bros’ 2,4 1906-1914(B)

28 “VACUUM PACKED” without brackets - above COFFEE

2,4 1906-1914(B)

29 “VACUUM PACKAGE AND PROCESS PATENTED”- under COFFEE

2,4 1906-1914

43

44


30 “THE VOLATILE…TO BULGE.” verbiage in panel 1 1914-ca.1920

31 “REG. U.S. Pat. Off.” And “TRADE MARK REG. CANADA” - curved under Arab

2,4 1914-1922

32 Hooked R and C in “Red Can \ Brand” - center of panel

2,4 1914-1922

33 “1 lb Net Weight”- below Hills Bros. \ above Red Can \ Brand

2,4 1914-1922

34 “(VACUUM PACKED)” above COFFEE 2,4 1914-1922

35 “AWARDED… 1915”-vertically set verbiage on right side of panel

2,4 1914-1922

36 Filigree #1, border on panel 3 1914-1922

37 “COFFEE LOGIC”-panel 3 1914-1926

38 “AMERICAN CAN CO. 94-A VACUUM PACKAGE AND PROCESS PATENTED”- under framing line, lower left under panel

2,4 1914-1922

39 Filigree border panel 5 ca.1920-1932

40 “HILLS BROS.” (only) in panel 5 ca.1920-1922

41 “REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.” -between Red Can and Brand 2,4 ca.1920-1922; 1939-1942

44


30 “THE VOLATILE…TO BULGE.” verbiage in panel 1 1914-ca.1920

31 “REG. U.S. Pat. Off.” And “TRADE MARK REG. CANADA” - curved under Arab

2,4 1914-1922

32 Hooked R and C in “Red Can \ Brand” - center of panel

2,4 1914-1922

33 “1 lb Net Weight”- below Hills Bros. \ above Red Can \ Brand

2,4 1914-1922

34 “(VACUUM PACKED)” above COFFEE 2,4 1914-1922

35 “AWARDED… 1915”-vertically set verbiage on right side of panel

2,4 1914-1922

36 Filigree #1, border on panel 3 1914-1922

37 “COFFEE LOGIC”-panel 3 1914-1926

38 “AMERICAN CAN CO. 94-A VACUUM PACKAGE AND PROCESS PATENTED”- under framing line, lower left under panel

2,4 1914-1922

39 Filigree border panel 5 ca.1920-1932

40 “HILLS BROS.” (only) in panel 5 ca.1920-1922

41 “REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.” -between Red Can and Brand 2,4 ca.1920-1922; 1939-1942

45

45


42 Filigree border panel “SAN FRANCISCO \ CALIF. U.S.A.”

1 ca.1920-1932

43 Framing line at each end of lithography n/a 1922-1963

44 “1 lb. Net Weight”, vertically between all panels n/a 1922-1936

45 Filigree #2 Border 3 1922-1932

46 “A.C. Co. 94 A”-lower left under framing line, NO REPEAT under panel 4

2 1922-1932

47 ARAB-center of panel 2,4 1922-1963

48 Circle C [i.e.,” ©”] copyright 1922, lower left of panel 2,4 1922-1932

49 FAT hooked C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1922-1936

50 “Red Can \ Brand”- left, center of panel 2,4 1922-1942

51 “The Original \ Vacuum Pack”- right, center of panel 2,4 1922-1942

52 “TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”- under FFEE 2,4 1922-1936

53 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros.” 5 1922-1926

54 KEY STRIP opened n/a 1903-1906;1926-1963

55 “NOTICE….PERFECT CUP” 3 1927-1932


42 Filigree border panel “SAN FRANCISCO \ CALIF. U.S.A.”

1 ca.1920-1932

43 Framing line at each end of lithography n/a 1922-1963

44 “1 lb. Net Weight”, vertically between all panels n/a 1922-1936

45 Filigree #2 Border 3 1922-1932

46 “A.C. Co. 94 A”-lower left under framing line, NO REPEAT under panel 4

2 1922-1932

47 ARAB-center of panel 2,4 1922-1963

48 Circle C [i.e.,” ©”] copyright 1922, lower left of panel 2,4 1922-1932

49 FAT hooked C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1922-1936

50 “Red Can \ Brand”- left, center of panel 2,4 1922-1942

51 “The Original \ Vacuum Pack”- right, center of panel 2,4 1922-1942

52 “TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”- under FFEE 2,4 1922-1936

53 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros.” 5 1922-1926

54 KEY STRIP opened n/a 1903-1906;1926-1963

55 “NOTICE….PERFECT CUP” 3 1927-1932

46


56 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros. \ ESTABLISHED 1878” note-title caps for Hills Bros.

5 1927-1932

57 Filigree # 3 Border 1,3,5 1932-1936

58 “….CONTROLLED ROASTING” -verbiage in panel 1 1932-1963

59 Curved arm -lower case r in Bros. 2,4 1932-1936

60 “COPYRIGHT 1922-1932 BY HILLS BROS.”, under framing line, lower left of panel

2,4 1932-1936

61 “A.C. CO.,” outside border, under panel 3 1932-1942

62 ARAB’S Left Foot -VISIBLE- 2,4 1932-1963

63 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros. \ SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A. \ESTABLISHED 1878” note -title caps for Hills Bros.

5 1932-1936

64 NO Framing line around main panels 2,4 1936-1963

65 ALL CAPS- “HILLS BROS.” 2,4 1936-1963

66 Lid lip- “ONE POUND NET WEIGHT, 454 GRAMS NET WEIGHT, ONE POUND NET WEIGHT”

n/a 1936-1942

67 Straight leg R in BROS. 2,4 1936-1942

68 “GOOD COFFEE…”-verbiage in panel 3 1936-1939

46


56 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros. \ ESTABLISHED 1878” note-title caps for Hills Bros.

5 1927-1932

57 Filigree # 3 Border 1,3,5 1932-1936

58 “….CONTROLLED ROASTING” -verbiage in panel 1 1932-1963

59 Curved arm -lower case r in Bros. 2,4 1932-1936

60 “COPYRIGHT 1922-1932 BY HILLS BROS.”, under framing line, lower left of panel

2,4 1932-1936

61 “A.C. CO.,” outside border, under panel 3 1932-1942

62 ARAB’S Left Foot -VISIBLE- 2,4 1932-1963

63 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ Hills Bros. \ SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A. \ESTABLISHED 1878” note -title caps for Hills Bros.

5 1932-1936

64 NO Framing line around main panels 2,4 1936-1963

65 ALL CAPS- “HILLS BROS.” 2,4 1936-1963

66 Lid lip- “ONE POUND NET WEIGHT, 454 GRAMS NET WEIGHT, ONE POUND NET WEIGHT”

n/a 1936-1942

67 Straight leg R in BROS. 2,4 1936-1942

68 “GOOD COFFEE…”-verbiage in panel 3 1936-1939

47

47


69 “NOTICE…APPROVED METHOD” 3 1932-1936

70 TWO LINE-stepped corners on information panels 1,3,5 1936-1939

71 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ HILLS BROS.\ SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A. \ESTABLISHED 1878”–note-ALL CAPS for HILLS BROS.

5 1936-1939

72 BLOCK C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1936-1942

73 “COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.”, lower left under COFFEE

2,4 1936-1939

74 “TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”- under EE, lower right of panel

2,4 1936-1942

75 “COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.”, vertically on seam side of panel 1

1 1939-1963

76 “USE CARE….” verbiage in panel 3 1939-1942

77 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY\ HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC\ 2 HARRISON ST., SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A.\ PLANTS AT SAN FRANCISCO AND EDGEWATER, N.J.\ESTABLISHED 1878

5 1939-1963


69 “NOTICE…APPROVED METHOD” 3 1932-1936

70 TWO LINE-stepped corners on information panels 1,3,5 1936-1939

71 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY \ HILLS BROS.\ SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A. \ESTABLISHED 1878”–note-ALL CAPS for HILLS BROS.

5 1936-1939

72 BLOCK C in “COFFEE” 2,4 1936-1942

73 “COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.”, lower left under COFFEE

2,4 1936-1939

74 “TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”- under EE, lower right of panel

2,4 1936-1942

75 “COPYRIGHT 1922-32-36 BY HILLS BROS.”, vertically on seam side of panel 1

1 1939-1963

76 “USE CARE….” verbiage in panel 3 1939-1942

77 “PACKED AND GUARANTEED BY\ HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC\ 2 HARRISON ST., SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., U.S.A.\ PLANTS AT SAN FRANCISCO AND EDGEWATER, N.J.\ESTABLISHED 1878

5 1939-1963

48


78 “MARCA REGISTRADA,” vertically on seam side of panel 5

5 1939-1942

79 “COPYRIGHT 1939 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC.,” left of Arab’s foot, under COFFEE

2,4 1939-1942

80 NO period after Bros 2,4 1906-1914(B);1939-1963

81 ONE LINE stepped corners for information panels 1,3, 5 1939-1942

82 Lid lip - 5 repetitions of; script, Regular Grind seperated by a dot.

n/a 1945-1963(A)

83 IMPACT FONT- for “HILLS BROS” 2,4 1945-1963

84 CURVED leg on R in “BROS” 2,4 1945-1963

85 “NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS)” above panel 3

3 1945-1963

86 “FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKING”-verbiage (A), “VACUUM METHOD…5-7 minutes.”

3 1945-1952

87 “1 LB. NET”, may or may not be present above panels 1, 5

1,5 1945-1963(A)

88 “1 LB. NET”, below panels 1,5 1,5 1945-1963

89 Square corner panels, one framing line 1,3,5 1945-1963

48


78 “MARCA REGISTRADA,” vertically on seam side of panel 5

5 1939-1942

79 “COPYRIGHT 1939 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC.,” left of Arab’s foot, under COFFEE

2,4 1939-1942

80 NO period after Bros 2,4 1906-1914(B);1939-1963

81 ONE LINE stepped corners for information panels 1,3, 5 1939-1942

82 Lid lip - 5 repetitions of; script, Regular Grind seperated by a dot.

n/a 1945-1963(A)

83 IMPACT FONT- for “HILLS BROS” 2,4 1945-1963

84 CURVED leg on R in “BROS” 2,4 1945-1963

85 “NET WEIGHT ONE POUND (454 GRAMS)” above panel 3

3 1945-1963

86 “FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKING”-verbiage (A), “VACUUM METHOD…5-7 minutes.”

3 1945-1952

87 “1 LB. NET”, may or may not be present above panels 1, 5

1,5 1945-1963(A)

88 “1 LB. NET”, below panels 1,5 1,5 1945-1963

89 Square corner panels, one framing line 1,3,5 1945-1963


90 “COPYRIGHT 1939-42-45 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC” - below panel 3

3 1945-1952

91 “Red Can Brand”, lower left of panel 2,4 1945-1963

92 “REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”, under Red Can Brand-lower left of panel

2,4 1945-1963

93 “The Original Vacuum Pack”- lower right of panel 2,4 1945-1963

94 “TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”, under “The Original Vacuum Pack,” lower right

2,4 1945-1963

95 IMPACT FONT- for “COFFEE” 2,4 1945-1963

96 “FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKING”-verbiage (B), “VACUUM METHOD…approximately 5 minutes.”

3 1952-1963

97 “COPYRIGHT 1939-42-45-52 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC.”, below panel 3

3 1952-1963

98 CANCO oval, vertical to left of panel 1 1 1952-1963

99 “FOR DRIP POT OR VACUUM-TYPE MAKER”- verbiage

3 1952-1963

100 “MARCA REGISTRADA **** PHIL. PAT. OFF.”, vertically -seam side of panel 5

5 1945-1963

49

49


90 “COPYRIGHT 1939-42-45 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC” - below panel 3

3 1945-1952

91 “Red Can Brand”, lower left of panel 2,4 1945-1963

92 “REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”, under Red Can Brand-lower left of panel

2,4 1945-1963

93 “The Original Vacuum Pack”- lower right of panel 2,4 1945-1963

94 “TRADE MARKS REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.”, under “The Original Vacuum Pack,” lower right

2,4 1945-1963

95 IMPACT FONT- for “COFFEE” 2,4 1945-1963

96 “FOR ANY METHOD OF COFFEE MAKING”-verbiage (B), “VACUUM METHOD…approximately 5 minutes.”

3 1952-1963

97 “COPYRIGHT 1939-42-45-52 BY HILLS BROS. COFFEE, INC.”, below panel 3

3 1952-1963

98 CANCO oval, vertical to left of panel 1 1 1952-1963

99 “FOR DRIP POT OR VACUUM-TYPE MAKER”- verbiage

3 1952-1963

100 “MARCA REGISTRADA **** PHIL. PAT. OFF.”, vertically -seam side of panel 5

5 1945-1963


101 “17-A”, vertically seam side of lithography framing line of panel 5

5 1952-1963

102 Lid Lip - 5 repetitions of; script, Drip Grind seperated by a dot.

n/a 1952-1963(B)

50

50


101 “17-A”, vertically seam side of lithography framing line of panel 5

5 1952-1963

102 Lid Lip - 5 repetitions of; script, Drip Grind seperated by a dot.

n/a 1952-1963(B)

51

51

FIguRe # DATe RANge SOuRCe CAN SIze – ILLuSTRATeD IN FIguRe OTHeR CANS – weIgHTS PReSeNTLY kNOwN

1 1900-1906 NLUR Specimen 2 lb-unique tapered can,8 12/16” tall, 4 5/16 dia. Top, 5 3/16” dia. Bottom

N/A, (2 lb can only type used, 1900-1903)

2 1903-1906 UA 95-058-4543 1 lb, 3 13/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lb tapered can (Wilson, 76:47)

3 1906-1914(A) Wilson Figure 60 1 lb, 3 12/16” (est.) ht X 5” dia. 2 lb straight sided can (Wilson, 76:47)

4 1906-1914(B) UA 95-056-0015, UA 95-056-0025, UA 2002-069-0049 1 lb, 3 15/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lb

5 1914-ca.1920 UA 2002-068-0382 l lb, 3 5/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs, 2 ½ lbs, 5 lbs

6 ca.1920-1922 UA 97-101-0001 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5”dia. 2 ½ lbs

7 1922-1926 UA 94-102-0672, BLM Purchase #5 1 lb, 3 4/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs, 2 ½ lbs

8 1926 Wilson Figure 63 1 lb, 3 4/16” (est.) X 5” dia 2 lbs

9 1927-1932 BLM Purchase #8 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs, 4 lbs

10 1932-1936 BLM Purchase #13-1 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs

11 1936-1939 UA 97-101-0002, BLM Purchase #12-2 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs

12 1939-1942 UA 95-XX-2389, UAF Can Typology, Type 43 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs,

13 1945-1952 UA 97-101-0004 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs, 4 lbs, 20 lbs

14 1952-1963(A) UA 97-101-0005 1 lb, 3 3/16” ht X 5” dia. 20 lbs

15 1952-1963(B) BLM Purchase #2 l lb, 3 3/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb

Table 2, Figure Origins

FIguRe # DATe RANge SOuRCe CAN SIze – ILLuSTRATeD IN FIguRe OTHeR CANS – weIgHTS PReSeNTLY kNOwN

1 1900-1906 NLUR Specimen 2 lb-unique tapered can,8 12/16” tall, 4 5/16 dia. Top, 5 3/16” dia. Bottom

N/A, (2 lb can only type used, 1900-1903)

2 1903-1906 UA 95-058-4543 1 lb, 3 13/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lb tapered can (Wilson, 76:47)

3 1906-1914(A) Wilson Figure 60 1 lb, 3 12/16” (est.) ht X 5” dia. 2 lb straight sided can (Wilson, 76:47)

4 1906-1914(B) UA 95-056-0015, UA 95-056-0025, UA 2002-069-0049 1 lb, 3 15/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lb

5 1914-ca.1920 UA 2002-068-0382 l lb, 3 5/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs, 2 ½ lbs, 5 lbs

6 ca.1920-1922 UA 97-101-0001 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5”dia. 2 ½ lbs

7 1922-1926 UA 94-102-0672, BLM Purchase #5 1 lb, 3 4/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs, 2 ½ lbs

8 1926 Wilson Figure 63 1 lb, 3 4/16” (est.) X 5” dia 2 lbs

9 1927-1932 BLM Purchase #8 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs, 4 lbs

10 1932-1936 BLM Purchase #13-1 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs

11 1936-1939 UA 97-101-0002, BLM Purchase #12-2 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. 2 lbs

12 1939-1942 UA 95-XX-2389, UAF Can Typology, Type 43 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs,

13 1945-1952 UA 97-101-0004 1 lb, 3 6/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb, 2 lbs, 4 lbs, 20 lbs

14 1952-1963(A) UA 97-101-0005 1 lb, 3 3/16” ht X 5” dia. 20 lbs

15 1952-1963(B) BLM Purchase #2 l lb, 3 3/16” ht X 5” dia. ½ lb

Table 2, Figure Origins

HILLS BROS. Coffee Can Chronology

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