Write formulas and names for ionic, polyatomic and covalent compounds using IUPAC nomenclature.
Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the...
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![Page 1: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Ionic Nomenclature
![Page 2: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Ionic Nomenclature
the more metallic element always comes first
![Page 3: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Ionic Nomenclature
Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence
-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table
![Page 4: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Ionic Nomenclature
Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence
-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table
Polyatomic Ions: groups of atoms that behave as a single ion
![Page 5: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Ionic Nomenclature
Polyatomic Ions:acetate CH3COO1-
ammonium NH41+
hydroxide OH1-
cyanide CN1-
permanganate MnO41-
thiocyanate SCN1-
hydrogen carbonateHCO31- (bicarbonate)
![Page 6: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
One extra oxygen(per-ate)
Basic Ion(-ate)
One fewer oxygen(-ite)
Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)
ClO31-
chlorate
NO31-
nitrate
CO32-
carbonate
SO42-
sulfate
PO43-
phosphate
![Page 7: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
One extra oxygen(per-ate)
Basic Ion(-ate)
One fewer oxygen(-ite)
Two fewer oxygen(hypo-ite)
ClO41-
perchlorateClO3
1-
chlorate
NO41-
pernitrateNO3
1-
nitrate
CO42-
percarbonateCO3
2-
carbonate
SO52-
persulfateSO4
2-
sulfate
PO53-
perphosphatePO4
3-
phosphate
![Page 8: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
One extra oxygen(per-ate)
Basic Ion(-ate)
One fewer oxygen (ite)
Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)
ClO41-
perchlorateClO3
1-
chlorateClO2
1-
chlorite
NO41-
pernitrateNO3
1-
nitrateNO2
1-
nitrite
CO42-
percarbonateCO3
2-
carbonateCO2
2-
carbonite
SO52-
persulfateSO4
2-
sulfateSO3
2-
sulfite
PO53-
perphosphatePO4
3-
phosphatePO3
3-
phosphite
![Page 9: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
One extra oxygen(per-ate)
Basic Ion(-ate)
One fewer oxygen (ite)
Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)
ClO41-
perchlorateClO3
1-
chlorateClO2
1-
chloriteClO1-
hypochlorite
NO41-
pernitrateNO3
1-
nitrateNO2
1-
nitriteNO1-
hyponitrite
CO42-
percarbonateCO3
2-
carbonateCO2
2-
carboniteCO2-
hypocarbonite
SO52-
persulfateSO4
2-
sulfateSO3
2-
sulfiteSO2
2-
hyposulfite
PO53-
perphosphatePO4
3-
phosphatePO3
3-
phosphitePO2
3-
hypophosphite
![Page 10: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX
1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate
![Page 11: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX
1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate
2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3
![Page 12: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX
1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate
2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3
3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3
1-
![Page 13: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids
NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX
1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate
2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3
3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3
1-
-add an oxygen to any to get "per-ate"-subtract an oxygen to get "ite"-subtract two oxygens to get "hypo-ite"
![Page 14: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method kris kross
1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts
e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-
![Page 15: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts
e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-
2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts
Mg2 O2
![Page 16: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts
e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-
2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts
Mg2 O2
3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1
![Page 17: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts
e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-
2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts
Mg2 O2
3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1
4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O
![Page 18: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts
e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-
2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts
Mg2 O2
3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1
4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O
* For polyatomic ions, place the ion in brackets before writing the subscript
![Page 19: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
Try these:
1. sodium fluoride2. lithium oxide3. beryllium sulfide4. calcium chloride5. ammonium iodide6. magnesium carbonate
![Page 20: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Formula Writing: criss cross method
Try these:
1. sodium fluoride NaF2. lithium oxide Li2O3. beryllium sulfide BeS4. calcium chloride CaCl25. ammonium iodide NH4I6. magnesium carbonate MgCO3
![Page 21: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules
![Page 22: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion
e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3
Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-
-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-
double them both
![Page 23: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion
e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3
Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-
-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-
double them both-the multi-valent ion valence is written in Roman numerals in brackets after the name
iron (II) oxide iron (III) oxide
![Page 24: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming: Roman numeral FYI
I = 1II = 2III = 3IV = 4V = 5VI = 6VII = 7VIII = 8
*the pattern: I's placed after add to the value, I's placed before subtract
![Page 25: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming:
the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000
2013 MMXIII
1997 MCMXCVII
![Page 26: Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649d175503460f949ecf12/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Highland Science Department
Naming:
the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000
2013 MMXIII
1997 MCMXCVII
Imagine doing scientific notation......or just thank the Middle East for Arabic
numerals