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High Performance WordPress with your host: Mikel King Caching, Clustering & Tuning http://j.konex.us/ mk-twttr http://j.konex.us/ mk-plus http://linkd.in/in -mk
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The Deck from my presentation at WordCamp NYC 2014.
Transcript of High performance WordPress
High Performance WordPress
with your host: Mikel King
Caching, Clustering & Tuning
http://j.konex.us/mk-twttr http://j.konex.us/mk-plus http://linkd.in/in-mk
● PHP Apps like WordPress don’t scale = LIES!
Scaling WordPress
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● PHP Apps like WordPress don’t scale = LIES!● PHP is not JAVA so Big IRON = FAIL
Scaling WordPress
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● PHP Apps like WordPress don’t scale = LIES!● PHP is not JAVA so Big IRON = FAIL● Caching + DB Clustering + Apache Tuning
= Success!
Scaling WordPress
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
User level --
Files System --
Memory Resident --
Browser
Caching Plugins
Memcache
Realms of Caching
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● Is easy to turn on and easier to fail.● Requires access to Apache conf
&& ! .htaccess● Requires proper WordPress CSS & JS
registration and enqueuing
Browser Caching
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Apache Conf Example
# 480 weeks
<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=290304000, public"
</FilesMatch>
# 2 DAYS
<FilesMatch "\.(xml|txt)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=172800, public, must-revalidate"
</FilesMatch>
# 2 HOURS
<FilesMatch "\.(html|htm)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=7200, must-revalidate"
</FilesMatch>
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
wp_register_script( 'top-menu', $this->js_template_url . 'top_menu.js', null, self::VERSION, self::IN_HEADER ); wp_enqueue_script('top-menu');
Asset Registration
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● Easy to setup● Good for shared hosting● NOT load balancer friendly● Plugins are written in PHP● Does NOT reliably cache DB Objects● Relies on file system access
File System Caching
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● Stores PHP code as compiled objects● Capable of caching DB queries as objects● May be clustered● Is load balancer friendly
Memory Based Caching
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Example of a memcache cluster
define('WP_CACHE', true);
$memcached_servers = array( 'default' => array( '172.16.1.244:11211', '172.16.1.229:11211', '172.16.1.195:11211', '172.16.1.227:11211', '172.16.1.218:11211’, '172.16.1.205:11211’ ));
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Example of a memcache cluster
memcache-top v0.6 (default port: 11211, color: on, refresh: 3 seconds)
INSTANCE USAGE HIT % CONN TIME EVICT/s READ/s WRITE/s 172.16.1.244:11211 0.9% 94.5% 146 3.5ms 0.0 30.2K 308.0K 172.16.1.229:11211 33.1% 98.2% 148 1.9ms 0.0 33.1K 253.3K 172.16.1.195:11211 39.0% 97.2% 148 2.2ms 0.0 22.4K 217.8K 172.16.1.227:11211 32.2% 98.7% 148 2.1ms 0.0 128.5K 975.1K 172.16.1.218:11211 0.0% 0.0% 10 2.1ms 0.0 2 276 172.16.1.205:11211 36.3% 90.8% 148 2.1ms 0.0 25.2K 223.8K
AVERAGE: 23.6% 79.9% 124 2.3ms 0.0 39.9K 329.7K
TOTAL: 0.7GB/ 3.0GB 748 14.0ms 0.0 239.4K 1.9M
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Example of a DB on memcache
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Memcache is a separate service to manage
Corruption can spread like a virus
Clearing the cache requires shutting down the entire cluster
Caveats (It’s NOT all sunshine and rainbows)
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● Convert ALL tables to InnoDB● Convert ALL collation to UTF-8● Set innodb_buffer_pool_size = 70-80% of
total DB server available RAM● Set thread_cache_size = 4096● Increase the mysql ulimits
Clustering with HyperDB
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Full text search is supported in the InnoDB engine as of MySql 5.6, prior to this only the MyISAM engine had this feature.
InnoDB became the default storage engine in MySql 5.5 and that prior to this version you must compile it in as an optional item.
Caveats
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Debian/Ubunutu Ulimits
Excerpt: /etc/security/limits.conf
mysql soft nofile 10240mysql hard nofile 40960mysql soft nproc 10240mysql hard nproc 40960
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
FreeBSD Ulimits
Excerpt: /etc/login.conf
daemon:\ :memorylocked=64M:\ :memoryuse=unlimited:\ :tc=default:
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
Master$wpdb->add_database(array( 'host’ => '172.16.1.7:3336', 'user’ => 'db_admin', 'password’ => 'My$c3r3t', 'name’ => 'prod_db', 'write’ => 1, 'read’ => 1, 'dataset’ => 'global', 'timeout’ => 0.2, 'lag_threshold’ => 2,));
Slave$wpdb->add_database(array( 'host' => '172.16.1.9:3336’, 'user' => 'db_admin', 'password' => 'My$c3r3t', 'name' => 'prod_db', 'write' => 0, 'read’ => 1, 'dataset’ => 'global', 'timeout’ => 0.2, 'lag_threshold’ => 2,));
HyperDB Conf (db-config.php)
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
● Eliminate file reads.● Reduce the number of server limit● Increase the allocated RAM● Install mod_deflate● Install mod_gzip2
Tuning Apache
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
House Keeping
Use the PHP native filter_var & filter_input in lieu of regex and built-in WordPress methods
Drop WP & plugin based Search in favor of a search service
• Solr (requires a separate Java based server)• Sphinx (is a separate service• Elastisearch (requires a separate Hadoop server)• GSS ( a.k.a. Google Site Search)
Enterprise Environments
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
General House Keeping
● Cleanout the functions.php● Turn off unnecessary auto loaded items in wp_options● Optimize your database with a plug-in like WP Optimize● Leverage the power of a CDN to eliminate your serving
environment’s latency issues.
These items apply sites of any size even if you are on shared hosting
High Performance WordPress by @MikelKing http://jafdip.com
This has been
High Performance WordPress
with your host: Mikel King
Caching, Clustering & Tuning
http://j.konex.us/mk-twttr http://j.konex.us/mk-plus http://linkd.in/in-mk
