.

• t

•·

( (

• ... ·.

w0u4e& cb'l .,. a 'bo7 or a Jat.a'balll klllet er .,.,hiD&. ul. t1a1r ·_, ..

· wea' 4na-\cnra \e laa\ tea- \htht lu&l1tub, vtna ol' chl14rea. · ·· !hq~: -- : . ., ' 1

. :. .. . . . .-. ' l . '/' laaA to Jaaa' tor •u.• or fou lqe lMtton \be7 fou4 ne~ •rape• •t - . . I .

· · , : the buea. 'lhe7 lt.aA DO 'bae \o oat or Wk or aa;rthlq. ·· ~ we~ . ., .

. . . ,. .

.. ~-- eo \lhcl oa.• JD&aU.q. f!:wT14 p oa Jaattae for weelta, ul

\he7 woalb'' tlal altl'be"T .. .U,'I J1U' clft wp.. MI. vbea \he711

'alk a\ou\ t\, \ha7 aqa •Ana\acanel, • anA theT'4 lalap aq.

q.. We.ro \he lapau .. aolatla\a alav 1a COlliDe taM \he bo•be& plaoe .

after the ka\ a\nok, or vu l\ Hnral 4qa hforo \hq ...._-lat

A. ·.c -_ · .. ~ Oh, altai' \be WeJ' u4o4 ad n.,.,.\hlq. ~· a aoa'll 1& \or \hllr · ·.

caae.

Q.. ·. · ·. · l .... , at'\v \u ~lJ hl\ \M plaoe. how __,. lqa baton \ba ·

J8J)8.%WM acleatl•t• oaat la to S.....ta\lp\t the ao-calla4 r"&4U

A. · 1 4oa' \ \hll\k _., alle CAM la before t!ae war ell1e4.. fha7 tlb'' ·

taro HCau" nart \t• UaoeT' I .. ou\ ,.,. were ao atra14 l \ vae .

~lac to be lroppe4 ap.ta. % peraosallT v01114a't p ou\--waa

af'ra14 M--eoucta't--l\ vaa awful. !ha atrpl.aJlea vera m&nellTerlac , ·, -· . - ~ . '

b !lin a'bJJia . \t"ha\ vae the oftec\ upoa \he peoplo/ef the Hoolld boa\ 1A •a&aaaltlt

I ' , •

A. Well, we heart \he report over tha s-ad1t, ad 1' ad4 \hat 1\ va•a'\

• noce•atul beoauo tlut vaa\ber waa mo\ aa po4 aa ill H1rollhlM.

fGll ..... thq eal.d the a~alo boa'b oDlJ' aote4 fJ"Oa 8 to &bou-. 11

la t~ mamtac beoau•• that va.a the boe\ time whn the boab voul.t

eqlode. 1 cloll't la:low t~ reuou. ~e the -='• rqa--atnnce•\

tho~ &o tbe people vera warnel DOt te ce out•ib du.rs.nc the 110rat.Jac

hour• ·a.m tbe7 aal4 tha\ !a Ba&nhkl there vero mt eo ~ people

killetl, and tha\ u dtci DOt .ttect the alv aa mch aa Jliroabt•a.

fbe.re are aenral courete •\n.otu.ral •'-•1 h114bca 1a lllro8hilla,

· . a~ar U.. •14e vhere tlw 'boab vat ott. ~ 701l 1mow whether en.rpoq

llve4 who were 1ll \ho•e bul141Dc•• or ill tile oeUara of &JJJI bulldl.D&a J • . .

·that were withla a halt klloae\61' ef where \U ~ab •XJJloclMt

- 11-·' ·· · .;

. . ·., .

. . -·~ . .:;:~~·~...; _____ --

. -.

.... -

( (

toa .... W I ...a ,.-,'bo4Jt

W 7n nea 81V'bo4r \hat ,., theH at the tS. u4 that !&ae

m\Mpea\)7 llnl '-7oa4 tlut We ... ke, or Ill 110at ef t.bn Ale!

•· aot •• .,.,. .... .la I 8&14 'Mfon I 414a't •••' ou penoa ,

fi"OII \hat ana. I ut a pn•oa vlw vaa wl"ktll& ta ~' ana, bllt

that aonlac be happael to co eu\ for enetb.lq, u4 he .1• tu

~ ou left ta \1\a\ efttee. • happeu to ba.., lD.A!'aue aaa.

!noktl.J' he,. ... , then.

\- · . · GnU 7ft te111le a 11t,le liON ab••' tlw a\\ltv.le of the people

., ... ~ ..

vhe co' lnLI'M4 aptaat tho .. vhe ltaa't pt lJvult

Well, J tb.bk lt vaa Pf.H J•alouq. •8J)Hlall7 \he 701U1& ctrla

d4 7euc ua, "'-1' 1ooke4 at each other aa4 eTea fr1eD4a tbe71t

eql en, Ia the vorl& weren't 70• lnu'Dell - cU4 1 han to 'be

lMrult• All4 thq14 'M peft'd, \errllJlT peen4, aJa4 etpeclalq

\hq booaae peen& after the Val' eD4el. !he7 aa14a 1.Ul Ud.a

aa.ttertac tor •Wac.• ~ bel1we4 that U \bq t011P\ to tlw

eD4 \hat lapaa ¥01114 tloa.rtah, aD4 ve vere all 41'UIIlet b7 tba 14ea

\hat Merloa vaa lo•b&· the people, 'be7 \bou.gbt the7 vere p\tlnc

at., .. ~ • ,_, -.ttent. !'he lap.-neae thq'4 to ~hlDc

tor \he ootm\17. lo nea tt thq were burne!, thq14 aqr

1 Shlkatapaat..• I kuw a per10:a who had ane:a chlld.rn. AU of

· thea 4104 becauM ef bvaa. &D4 me aatt• •All for tu ccnm,q,

tor the OOU.\1'7·' ...... thea rich\ \he nen 4q aha hearcl of the

111llTealer, aa4 thea_ .U aal4a 1lfhl', wr:r soodu••• I vhh all these

· aUltarr pMple u4 et'ei'Jthlac wou14 oroak.• ft.\' a what ah.e aal4r

•% v01l14 kf.U the aaa !oJo v1 tlt. • hd4a JVHlf. 1 !be7 vere apinat

\he al11'&17 people. fhe7 \hoU&h\ there vaa eoM\h!.JlC coo4 la

Atfel'liiC, w\ \hea lt all happeul that ao\h1q eaae n.t of 1'·-

lt vu 1t1D4 ef bDpi'Gila to valk annual \he e1 \7 after- the war eD4a4,

baoau.- ~ere were thaH fanatlo JapaneH air ~ b~7e. 7ft know.

!hq poll co vaa Te-q ~q thea \r.ytq te keep -\baa 'u1 \e4 aova. "

- lf-

/ ' .;-~L·..:.....~.:.. .. ·--· . ·--~· ·- .J:-- ~ ·--

· ~ .

( (

~ were lote et , .. P' Ia JaU trw V7bc '- klll "-•ln•

ott for lotlq.

·'- Were Qq eell.._ ex.alblear• 4. t••· ··ldr.o\at.•

~ 1fokka\e111

A. tee. 1 foku'be\• EeCekt\at..• the7 U7•

~ D14 7oa p\ aJ17 t~~pn•aloa rep1'41ac tovarl vboa tbq expneH&

the greateet reMabea\. \ow&r'd \he Jaerloa11• u tova:dt their

ova people ta nPr! \o tlul etteote et the atoato boaltl.

~ !her 'hov.&h' thl junoaaa wen Tert crul.

· :· ~ lfha\ aale thea thlDll: tha\ t Dtt the7 appeal' ta the aev~nl

· Dlt thq luel'\ the t.Aea of .Aaerlod atrooltlet or vena1 t t1w7

patntt

A.. Oh, we wen tea. b7 the p~. tn people •• eooa at 7ft

lu4e4 J81l'4 kill wel"fboc!T ott u4 en17\hlac· We 4tb1' h&.,.

aDTth1aa \e 4o with the JapaMee, ba\ thea the poU.oeaaa .....

blc ottlclal caae, alii he aalla 1 TO'CL better hl!e. !he Aaerloau

an comiDc te ll1roshlaa.1 aD! the Soviet• are coalJSC. Oh, .,, WI

lmrJ7 _1lp aa4 AD•' \fe 41dn1t baTe ov b•.gp&e: we 4ldn1t ha:M

8llf\hlq nd7, 8!14 ther took ue to the mountal':'a-vq inel&e vhare

ve ooulb't aet ou\. I 4oa•t know bow ve pt out of there. -

~- Vhen wu that J

A. 20th of Septembn. .Aa4 the11., bnther came en! be cot ue nt ot

~ Wbea 414 the crlt.lelat of t.he ldllta17 be0011e ttUlM frequa\1

At vhat pola' la pa.J't.tculal't

· .A.. IvoJlll&. Who !oJo 'wae ch.a.ut;ed to lottO. !her uaet t.o ertt.lelse

!oJo for wottq mch fro• people aa1 aot glYbc 111.ch to peeple.

Be14 co arOUDA telling\ ne1'J'bodT-be caM to the C94eta' school

where .,. 4aa. vaa teachtnc--he aai41 1Jor•. yn'T• co\ to work,

votk, vork. 'l'he poor bo71, the7 414n't haft aJt¥\hlq but pota\oea

"e'l7 moruiD.& an4 noo• aD4 lli&:ht, aid the CA!e\t v01ll4 cou t.o ov

- 18 -

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~· ·

-"-'-'"---~------------· - ----· .• - -· -. ·- ·----- - ...... . . ----- · -- .. -- - -------··-~__... -- -·- - - - -

( (

•. ·

1t.n .. ad..,.. •nat .... be .. ,,.. ••• , •• _., wer1t ••

. . · 'ttJil\ ·~ UltJalac wltlatM' ,,,, •• Aaa u. te~ ..u. 'lwl" lt'--4 ' ~ , ,::_.· • ; . .' : r

·. bl• tor u\ cooparatbC vi.Ul U. ••••to elb et the hrllaaeat.

· ··Jll trt.e4 to tab all \be dl.a.ll'l. le vae \be hnlctr ad he vat a ..

·,<, b~l •he' ot .nJ'I1lda.l. .. ''* enrp~'• place-ft.,.. placea

. . ·~ .

· . r•Uon• u pya .atttt.oDal fttloaa ••17 •a .... la.ppotbc 7fl&­·. ·: ..

.. pt \Yo of thaat little -...u-eaata If rlc:Nt. a 4q vhldl la DO\

~no,.p,. Well• _lw ,_. lAta of po'-'-• t.a 114clt.t1oa vUlao•t· taldac

\he rloe aq froa t\. Vaal.l.J'. lt tbq ctn aa a441tt.oul ratloa.

\hq tftke \be nal o•--the7 nb\l'ao' a lt\tle \l\, 7ft •••· 8o

··'there vaa alvqa ut •aouch fool aDl wez7boq Wq,b\ oa the alle.

· dot.ac lala* aarntt.ac. .a. JMn1D4 of ncar oeat 130 Tea, the laa\

. \1u VI boueht t.t. 1\ V&l 4rea4fal.

Q. DU. the people aetullT bow ·that Jepaa hat loa\ Ot:bava aD4 ao forth.

8a1pan, Gaaa, or vve \hq kept Ia the 4ark abcnl\ u. .. thb.cal

A. Oh, no. We bev that lapaa hat lot\ thea, kt before vbea tblr•l

'be fiptl.,;, the7 vo11lt 'be vri'!Da abcnl\ bow ner,'boq vat flpttac

on IwoJl-., for lattanoe, bat tbeJ'•c\ wq then ... a fl&bt Vhere

·J&paneA beat about • • • .u.k abou\ 600 vuebipt u4 300 cro.t.Hra.

l'.y coocluae, rq father vaa alvqa euae4 J:aov .AMrleut colll4 1oM

. .. SO . aaDl' of h.e1" Cl'1llMl'l ad. thbp 8114 J1la\ keep Oil fi~tf.D&. Ba.t

a.D7Va\, an4 thea tu Mzt mol'D.lltc there'' l>e a elcl\ e.a! thq'l. aqs

•~rr7 to aq •• ov tl"'opl baA w ~"•'nat troa JwJlaa ad lt la_

la the liaDA• of .taertcant.• I vlllll 1'4 bp' all thou MVtpaptH

aJl4 eTerJthlDC.

~ D14n' t the JapaeM people pt then leatlete 0111" plante 4reppe4t

lltaa•' the7 kBov what va• colD« ••'

.L I appoae .ou 414 "ba.t I mner 1.14. Aad the pollee aa14 that who-

eyer ha4 thea vou14 ,. an••'•' tor tv. vaeke. !hen vera l"aaal'l of

· ... peoplf ptoktDc thea ..D4 ·realtDC thea, bllt tbe _pottce atvv• ~ ... . . . 1 .

'~'./1~~- -vbere thq veH clJ"Oppel sal thq 4Mazw'e4 th& papert.

{/ ./ - 11-·'

-:· . . . :·, ...

. · .. .... ·. :: ' .._ ___ ~ ~~-- -·- · · . - . . .. . -- .. -~---.-.4-- _____ ....__,__ __

... . ' ( (

\. !heaa prop•cPAa leatl•'• \ha' we V.n Jv,a\ \alldac a\nt--414 •.•

>.\he. ·peOple vheD tbq CO\ tho~a, cll4 \h8t ,.lleYa .. , the7 11&14 .... . •

414 \hay belt.,.. tba' t\ vaa .ia•' .&aertoaa prop..,a.a. low 414· ·

~ fNl POll\ tt.

A. . 'fhe7 lHtltnad 1'·

q. . !h.q 41U

A. . tee, I heaJ'4. a l&p&Mae JIU \alllnc 11e abo.\ 10 tea bUla tha\

_·. Aaer1osna 4roppel, an4 oa \b other eltle tt aa141 ltYell, wha\ caa

7011. .)1q with. a 10 tnf 1 .AM U aa14a •tcr& can't ayaa lNT a 's.bo1 of . ' . ~ .

~- . : : .

' rice (a 1 ebo1 ~· a -..au.remsat o! rlce \ha\ 7D1L eat). tn ha.w \a ·

take tortT et th••• paper thtap to pt a 'aho1 of rl•.• 4 •.b.• of

~J.ce •~14 1a•t a aaa bo 4qa, for one ••· ADA the7 belley.a thea.

· Real~, JlJ[)AA had. DO plaoe where • • • tos caa' \ lfll aJtT ta.r\her 'b'Q.t

aoaebodT1 • 4r1Tlnc u• eo the7 wcnd.4 'bet~r fight \t the ed.

•SbJ.katspnat.• ~!bat aeana ve can1\ do ADTthlac about 1\.

-~ llU. 7oa bow ot eJJT Japuese vho hal mor' wan l'allloa &114 uHcl thea

w1tho~t par.1se1ont

.L · Jo, Sir.. l'o. ~t I heal"d tllst eome pollceaen ha4 oaqht Asertcaa

'bont. people with those Bhort_ wave radtoa.

~ ·Wb&t heppenad to theal

A. 'lho7 were a.rrea\ed, t bellen. W• cou14Jl1 \ go into 4eb1la bocauae

·at ••on aa ve co tato detail• pEtOple wou14 IIUapeot ue. lie ha4 \0

be ye-q caroM abou' ftl' spo•a, aa4 a'bou' our vqa of liYlBC ant

· tWeryth!Dc.

'· · lla.ve 7ou PT other qu•t1oaa yn. vcnt14 like to allkl

A. · !hat · .coftrs we17'b!Dg quite well.

~ '· :Are there a.D'T turiher quaettoae, pntlemeal I knov Miaa Polchikoft

vnlcl be 4ellgb.W to a1Uiwer tba.

A. .lou eb\e4 that lapa.a planned eneu.atloa. Bow dlcl \ha\ von ou\1

D14 the7 bn rre.cuatloll ot the little eCbool chtldrn., ad v ...

· · that before the 'boalJJ

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... . . ( ( . . . : ·~ ~ ·.

·, ... f , .

A. tea. tu atbool ohS.14na -..atloa vaa ahllt n. -e tt- ,.

lftft&\tL

Q.. !hat vaa la lebl'U17J

taaa to lapanen temple a u4 \Mre _tb.q 4.l4a • t haTe .., teol

aD4. t.he chllclrea 'becaae dcdt .aal. t.u7 4ld.

Q.. !bq •- laaak t.a ecaJat

.t.. ~··· aon ot thea .... ltaok ta. u4 aoae boT• aB4 clrla, tJMr

·; YOQ].4R•t p avq heauM 'he7 tlla't nat t.o co •• tr~• tb.ll' .. .-: .. :

tathen ad' aoth.en vbo aalta 'Well, it ve 41•, the ChU4rn vU1 . ' ·. . ~ .

1'-..t.a·aDI what vlll happea M that• h thq aaU.a 1 ile•n all

colac \o 4le t.opt!M!'.• !be lapane .. 4oa1 \ oar• U t.bq 4t.a tu

·t.utr 001Ultq. It 'ba7 vh-t.hq ha4 t.be lba at w'n»'"C• •••

t.bat vae the trea.Ue.

Q.. h tha tba Whole ..,aea.at.lea tobesa fall \~

A. lee, no t.h1Dc.

"- !base people who 4te4 fro~ the a\oale bom'b, dlcl t.hq 4te vUll t.h8

.a.. atolal .....

· A. Well, 7011 aee, the poeple tha' 41e4 before t.hl var aa4e4 ware

luckier tluln the J>laple Vho 4te4 .,_., after, becauaa thl7 clt.a. wl\h

the 14ea that. t.hq vera 471Bc tor thll coutq. Zepecbl.17 tbe

.oldtera, the ••• that 4184 'Htore tha war ul.e4., tbe7 4tet

aa.Yim«l •well, ve 414D • t pt \4» co \e the h'ontter, but thea hire,

. eo U 1 a Ju•t the aama aa p1Jic \o val'. aD4 wa'n &OiDc ta Ale here

tor the COUDtq,"&JW! 10 forth. AIM1 t.hq14 co $e · lanlaml llDJa ad

entqihlllg. Vall. the people \hat 4114 later. \he aold1•r•, tlaq

·er1e4. '.Phe7 w4a 'lfha.t•a th1a all a'bCMt,• u4 •we han belll

trickl4,• aD4 all that. ~l\e a l.e\ ot panle \here.

· Q.. lD \lll• 11\tle acbQol hov.•• t.ha\ thq ue4 ... a hoapttal, 414 \bl7

•• hare Shta\o prla•\at

Jfo, no\htJac •

Q.. !h8 a:rq 4th'' nea •.•••

. ... ·

, ;: , •

-21-

· .· . . (

A. i •• M, Mthlal. aothlac at all. fhq'4 be plle&-tlM lioltaa

vall \a pllet. Ja•' ea top at aaotbn-'btc "" •t IIOb\ab pUe.

~ When, n\ata.t ·

4. ~\aU.. &en 7ft walk.

Q,. tfhn the71l \oat tha outt

· A. lll•• •• l '• ,.. bow. JUe• oa the pUea. Vhea % wa• la

Xlrout.a t.a the •1441• ot lep\a'bar, I ooa.lb't walk vl\hnt a

-* booauH t» t1lea anent •· I 4tb't vant \ha to OQYU'

., taoe • J !aa4 a -*• en.. tbe7 ett oa JV&• I ooulcla't eat ar

dl'\hlac 4owa-towa.

fJ.Iba ahU&raa ta theM n.rln.a 'ovaa-1 1l.eaJid tt vaa tru· 4ova

\hera too-\hen ,.. ao blleatloa of walmavltt.oa or atana\loa.

Was tu :rats.• tanalt7 Uae o14er peeplo •• that the oh114rn

wen alvqs n11-fe4t lcnr vas that vorbl 01l\l

4. •· tM ob.U.4.na tna al..,.a to aeyeate•llt thq ha4 Just a lU.tlo

liON rtoe thea tha fa\be~• &D1 eo\hara, aDI the fathea u4 aothere aluten to flt\T ha4

up '- etxt7 ha4 ~ ••• ae I, troa/\he aaae, ad people \e7oal

tt.ft7 •• as.xv bat lt.ttl• •re or 1••• ... lh.,. ha4 the .... '8110\\Jlt

ot rS.oa, b1Lt \hq ctta.a't &e' eaOa.&tl of ereeu. People fro• ab:~

oa. thq-J 4oa'' bow, wallowe4 the~ toaguea, l gueaa. !'hq

baA M\lliq at all. fhe7 ha4 _,\1\\le 'bl\ of rloe and a llUlo blt -

of this. Soao people ltD rq aothar, .me•a elY• aftl7th~ac to ••

&D4 rq ll ttlo laro'hoJt .. abe loat votc;ht. .. 414 .., a..A. ferrl'ble.

<&. Dtt ohUu.a haTe apacW ra,lout ' • • - • 1

A. !hq bad oaoo a 7•ar, I l,ellwe, \he7 hal cua, I au or 10 ....

!bit fool probl• vae Jv,a\ Area!M.

'- An4 7et \here lu'' aJJ:1 bdlca.\lon •• 7011 •••• for laata'DH, all

\hrnp 'he oon\t.za.ent-la 0.~, 701& ••• rloke\a am ch114rea

obYlcra.al7 t.a \h8 last a\aca• of at&I"Yatloa. I hana' \ ••• aliT

Japanen ohtl4na \ha\ 1oolto4 ae lt \hq von aere thaD Ja.•' 'bearl.7 D4er-fe&. !hq all hoke& ""' n17 well-tel.

-aa-

.: •; ' - '

- t.:~L~-~-· -- ... --,:0.----.. ·------

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A• . _ Well, 7ft Me, a Oenan 'bo7 ...... -.., at.Ut, bnd. In&

·:. . · ~. poor••' tat.:., alvqe hal atlk, but Jap&M•• oaa lt.ye oa ·

Q;. . :. ·.·· .- ..

~·' "-' Flee u4 ~ tea.

What peroan\ap of the 4le\ 4urbc \he la.1t etaae• of tM .var

vo.U. 701l aq tht7 ven ptttDcl A8 eppoH4 to ~ aol'lld. Uet, ..

A. . I \b1nk a thll'l.

~ Aft\ a thlnll

A.' . »eoa1H 1llllall.T a Japanese llaD ea\a Oil 'he anrap tov 1cbawau8

ef l'l• oue, •• a lq u oata welTe. WbT, uv be oDlJ eata &l)ov.'

fln.

~ · (louA traok tua4lble at tbt.a potn,).

A~ - • line OJl •07& lttaaa, •tatn,• ad 70'1. baTe t. han ehoppt4-ap

pota\oea b lt, an4 1\'t .ltalok aa4 yeq ba4 for the dlpat1oa, u4

thq pa.t lot• of water t.D lt eo lt vlU 'be lota 1a qaaatt.v.

~··

.. ... -

ceneral health of the people llv1n& arou4 7oaf

Moat ot thea were alck. So• b\4 !.11. e.D4 vell, ·Juet 11takke,• ·

\erl-berl. lloat of . \hn had !.J. Tou. •••· \he childrea vera

forc.a. to ao--1utea4 of coinc to echool, thq hal to co to tM

taotorlet--41tterent kin4• ot tactor1•• making bullate an4 t~lD&a,

&B4 the ctrlt that neyer veat to ~ork, you bow, nice ~ume ...... people

that vera ralee4 ta Rice houaea, vell, tho7 cot el* rip\ ett.

t.rhe, ooulb • t bear the avhl • \fala •

~ :. · · Wae tbare alii tDltoattoa of poe ababa abou' vJnaSBC the Val'

before the bo~ tellt

1.. I toD1t bellne there vaa. fou kuw about the houaea '•1DC \ora

· 4ova, 4l4a1 t 7oal

Q.. •o. ~ · the cltt.•• •••.••

Q... · • · Vbat vaa tha\f ... ··.:

-·

-23-

· .. ( (

. .

.wull 1»e ura cS.ova 1a plaoea, vlPI' •na U t1w bo ... vaa .~ . ._ ., ' ·-·-·

tin vnll atop eaail7, llake Tacaa~•• •oac \he boU•·~· _7011 b...

J.n4 thq a\a.r\84 4G1Ja& \Jaat aD4 ~\al' \he M14le:ra Voul. OOIU 4owa • r . , •.• ,·

vUh '-*• aa4 th1DC•1 yn bow, aJa4 ,._1\e, aD4 thea thq1& ·

'break lova tlw houHa, 4r1-r, avq tm people. YAq 4o•,'.' 1mov

when to CO• h \hree dqa, tbq ca.•• three tqa' aotln. »ow,

Md.q t'b.e ut toe •••• aq, :rou lt.a'Ye ta p\ oa\ of tlw hoan. ·

ilhere vou14 th., p t All tlLo oeuat17 plaoea vero all'ed,T ·fllle& ; ·.

ta the bouao vltll u too4 u4 ao YeattkUeaf ~ the7 veat -~ ··

\•plea aD4 of courao \he pool' people, 'he7 were 41apa\oi wltJl all

thla. !ha7 aa14c •Jt7 poduaa, lf u ..,.. boa\ 41'l'Ha u ov.t of

tu houae, \hat'• Ju.•' '-• ba4. 'Rt a CO"Yenmeut ln'eak1q d.on a

hoaaa, that'• t.poaalble.• there vas a lot of oo ... ata\loa aca1na\

' t:U OoverDMat, tbe laat half 7011r1 I \ellen.

· Q.. Thea cll4 the GoYetmHnt atart ta build. thote flre-brealtaf After

the !-29 rat! • a \a.rte41

J.. lea, after tu7 bozaba4 foqo 'ba4l7, thq be lineA 1a ba:rl.Bc thoH

'braaka.

· -~· (Sou.Dd track lllaU4lble at thla pot.n\).

· A. !'he 7011Jll achool bo7a ad glrla woul4 co dm aa4 break tha houeea,

aD4 after thq ware broken, theT'4 han te tolce the voot ad

ueqthlq avq, and 4ur1q the atomto boa- n17, Yery U117 bo,.. 8.1l4 ctr1• Aut. l 4oa1 \ thbk there are 111f1 achool ohllctrea let,.

!bcae si441e achoo1 b07a aDA gtrlt--the7'r• ill burnet. !he7

ware 011.\ ia t~• w.nehine. thq14 go a\ HTea aa4 oo .. laaek at flYe. 1

fhe,y 14 have to C&rr7 the little p1ecea of voo! u4 beua \e oar~

place• 011t of ton, at tbq ven Ju.•• p~\t.Ac r•a/17 w 4o it vbea

the boa._ fell. Aid \hq thouch\ tba\ waa _,., • work Ho.an \hq

trie4 to p\ a lot of paeple 1a oae apo\. M4 the 'bagiuSaa af

. · the war thq thoucbl all toreiper• were epl••· bat thea, ·\7 \he

:• . , . . --·· - ----- ~ --- -· -- --------~-- •-- - -- -- -- ··-·-- ----- ------ . • - - _ ____ :~..-:.:...l ... -t.-o..:.-.....;.·_~ _ - --·--

: ~ ·

. . ! . ( (

· ..

· .. : . ,

b4 et tha vu U.., aalta . •re wateUI. forelp petple, 'W.'

'M7 aner ... \e 4e ..,.Jaan. I au•e .\here'n .HMiapauee

thaaeln• 8pJ1q a\oa\.8 Jeoa .. a taotor'J' ~ ilon \b.eu b.ponant \ht.Jia• o1d1l!e late the OGU.trr, aa4 the :1-.39• W011l&

• • •: : I

41 JR fonlper• P' when v• pat ov ~~· Oil~ aeow••l ~· Are there ~ aore ~eatloaa, caatl .. eat

\. t voulJ. lib te uk ou ttU•tloa. In vare \alld.JaC a'bollt torelea

ra4loa. Were tbere .zq nwor• of torelp raAle ltl'O.adcaa\1 ad '· . . . ,

wha' 'htlr aa.t.4 amonc the peoplet

· .L tee, tJwT uU. that .\aerlcaile- Aae.rtcaa •ol4lera veH 'bro&acae\-

be troa la.t.paa. I aa aot a.re what 'heJ aat.t.

Q... 1)14 roa heal" .,-tblllc a tu repor'• of the broa4ea.•t• or what

•· I 4!4a't hear the a.tat.la--110. :S.\ I Jua\ bn \ha\ Japaa

and Ohba at ott-at ott \be v&Te 'h&' caae froa lat.paa.

~ h 1011 boY ef aJiiYODe heartac theae 'broa!oaatat

.L t 4l<lu't ner hear aq-ve were not allove4. to haTe thea. Ba41ol

wen takea awq fl'Oa u. !J:Le people. thq were oal7 allowed \o

heal' folqo, OW.. Klroth1u. a.ll4 Shtmozaoaekl.· ~. \beT wou.14 ltl

put to 4ea\h lf thq fou4. aavo».a haTI.Ac a ehor\ waTe radio. 'l'hq

fo11Jl4. ou J.aertcall-bora ua 1a lue, t bellen, aDA the7 p\ hla

....... ·

. .

to 4ea\ll. I thl.Ak \hen wa• one aaa 1a Xure aD4 h~ vae p\tt \e

4eath for baT~ a ehor' wave ra4lo.

JJov abCN\ leatlete--wue then .a~ eton•• abou\ American leatleta

loo•~T•lt! Oh."· \he7 wre .... a. 1h\hlnc vm ..,..r llappe1l--there

voa' t )e a \bae vbea Jlooenelt vlll 'be 4r1nll \7 OU' lapel"'r. •

Q,. Dil 1011. hear M7 crttlci•• ef the lDaperor aft•r tlw AroppSJac

of the boa\l

-25-

i

I -I I

( ( • .:.•

t~ ~~r at d1 '--• ·~ &LU~~~~~"; ,~; ' ·-.• -· • · ' , • . $ {f . ..... ::.. ~ , •. • ~

. · r .·t~- -:?\-~; ;p. _bow. he, th8 fal'llaaeat 414a'' pfA'I d7 atth't.--;\t :.,W*~~;.).{

.~~~~rJl;.;;. .. r •aM - Jap ..... - ~~lac ~aa """~ :~.:~~li~Iii~ · .: :::;{_;.~; .Jo .·~~her bov au.ch he mff'e:rd \hrOllp tM Oovel'maeat.;' ):w''*"UJ,•;.:-.,_ .. :- ~'.'

· !;=-~-~~~;:-~ ,; .. ~·7:r.i~~~:·:p~~~~~;-_; ~-- -! · . - . · . , '· .. "- -~~:_ .. -.... _ -~ :~ _;:*(:~- ?~---:_ ;_::_. · ·-

'. )i;~ . .-·:~AB.ifoud tlw lmj)&ror. X ~qaelt l:elleve 1ae ta Jll•t a . pupp~\·:· ::::;;~:i :',:~.::·-',: . -~>t.·~ - : <,: -.:.~:;>:~- , .... ~~:;;>:-:_ . . .: :':; . ::- · :_·;; :·!.<~_: \< -~ .. / .·-·· ~- -y: ·,_ ,, · p.~~ ~!ou ner hear &I17 of \he lepueee 'alk about \M tact · _~, )fii). .· · . /~~~~f~~:~:;i)~~~~~~>h ~/- : ,;~· - . ~-- :;.( .. ~ - -~ -~; ;;~ .! ~

· . :'.,i.!.~> : ~': cet .·evaa ...-tth t.he .Amer1C&l.na 1n the future .nen t.haur,tl ther h&v• ~ - ~ ; : . ·

;~~f;~~t~t} .. krU · · •. ·x :."i, '' _ .1.!,5~~/.t.,~ll "bov. t.h.a1' sqa ~· hnn lost to the foretp poople-~\~ wUif ·· - :\~_;t:~d~-~~,;·\> .... . _- ·-- . . -- . - ·- ~ _<f: !'rlr:-.;_~ :- -~}F~ ~--- :~- . _ . .-:~~~';.;,~:;J?4to~le. but we are g01D4: to p\ 'back ChiD& and lol"ea 'b...U:ae·w-'";f..:;:·:

~- ~ . • ~: .(~_((~~!,:;~;.:)~( :~ -, . •. . •.·. : • .. I : . , . -; · •

·. "- .·+.:i:?~il•' t\aA! tbeu 'people lower th~U~ ue.. ~1' dtd.ll't tip~ u ~~

_; :Ji~'!*,:~~nca vho ~oat ••·• lou •••· the XoreanO pU\ •P tbB~ u~; ~ . ::, -\';i~ le!ore thq ve:re pu.ehea c!.ova, at nov, 'aT £OOdneea, \he7 '17 '\o .c•' : , :· '~[~i..\:;~·':\he \ralat, \he7 pnah Opttll the vlndowe aAl eYer;r\hlq~ · · . ..:i•n _·/.:.~:-F· e~ ;_ .. :: . . • ·~ .· ~- . -~ - . · .

. · .. ·Jiot pHTeA ever Amarloana conqurlac \hea. •Shika\acual•1 . "-''• all.

Cl. · _:: · : Whet dee• ths\ aeut · · · .. :_ · :~-- ;~r :· ... . ;

A.~?(·. ' 18}d'k~tagu&1.1--uoth!Dt: caa be helpe4. . flhs\ 1• a wor4 the7 ~•ed all .;_~)~ :; ~-_:/{}:~-- ;~ -; -_ ·· .... ~~· - ,:~ . ' . - ' .. .

·':·•·._.· · the time. YO'Il know, rq 4e4AJ ueea. \o £tJ over to ~M cover11118b\ .. . . _ .. ' '.: ·' :_ ·• ~ ~--:. . . . :

' -:~ :. . . . ~ ; : . .

. , .-t::· 'blitiU.Dp del aqa •well. cu't TR 4o southiu& for \M forelc:ur·a--

:·~ ·.-:;*i~U~~-~~-r, ol' brea4 or .a~Mthucl 1 fhe;r would sate •Toa ~~~ tt•'• :~-.r • . -~ ' .. ; -.;·· -'

· ·· :~:;:{:: ifs!d~taaaut. • Go ahead ant 41e.• . !hq 4lc!D'.' ena care U' :v • . di.~ :~!k;t}L~i/._ . . - ' ,0: . .· .•.

~' ·::-(, l :'e.~ yery zmcb atnck b;r vhat 70'11 aaid. a 1 U tle whlle ago that thq . ~ ::~ .. ~~-~ :.~-~_-?:"{;-_-'>·.,·::· -· . . . .

·· _,::; ,.'are not pe8Ttttl oTar being 'heateD b7 the J.mer1cs.u.

A. -?;~,· ·:·~~ are penet. bu\ not at e.ll nw. tau 1cnoY thq e2:pe0tecl t.he · . . .. ..,, .. · .

.. . .

· the7 are gentlemen. Vb;r, the7 ea14t ._ -... .

11ke that.

'-. ?::~ :-~Well, 414 the7 feel that vq vhe:a lapd 4eclare4 var-whea \~ &Ot ·

; ;~.:.;:·'~~ ~ews that. thq had e\ar\84. a val" vlth the UDUe! 8t!l\ee~ : --~~ 414

thq feel about thatf

- 21-

,,

. --· -- - --~ -- - -- -- - -- -- - ·- .. ..:. .,;·_,:.,__.. , -- - · ·--

' '· . .. '·.

. ,-.. • • r l • . ,·

· .. ~ -

- ~ t_ ~·~= -.i>. · '··- -~::;~*"'

.. .

... ( (

A. IT poauaa, oa \'lw tmt Aq, ,... bow, we 114a1 t bow war 11a1

etartel. It vaa aboa.t I e'ol•* t.a 'he •ratac. abn\ tea

ctetee\lna caM la GU hn ... •u..l' vu 1a \M lae~pltal, ..a \1187 tolcl rq 4a4 to Jmn7 •P u4 pt n\ and walk Oftl' \o \M

· pollee a\a\loac &Dd 4.a44T aalla •Ban 7n a varru\ tor .. t•

aD4 U.,r eal41 ••• 4oa•t ua4 a vanaa\--JVIl are a rw llen u4

•• bow 7ft haTe baea a f1P7 •• abH 701& bn ben 1a lapaa.•

fba,r t.ok b4q onr aDA \hea--wllr thq aot.a terrll>le \o ••· h

tu 'Hclutaa \hq wn afral4 that there wou14 \e aa au_ 1"&11 . . y . _; : .. . · • .

\hat at.pt, \M ••r.r flra\ ailbt."lRlt apparntlJ' aoUlllle ~

io 701. bow all Uut l'eul Be.rbor baaluaa-oll, t.be7 were -..rtora

all OTar u4 tha7 aal&a •we•n cot.sc to 'Mat \Jut Aaarloaaa ta

\hrea aoatha. Va'r• &Ola& to be bl lfaahllle'oa.• toa bow, \Aq

woulA eqJ 1 Look, look, look at \bat tall ch'l. 'IU7 are ao tall

b11t thltre' a DOthtac la thea. • !lilt later vbu \hq a\arte4 beat lac

tba.--the7 ObaDcecl \hatr alDla.

Q.. . . Ia Klroahtaa, 414 you heal' whea the Dooll\tle l'alcl took phoe, oa

Toqol

.t.. Tea, 7oa bow the lapa flee• v.nt \o ya\ 011\ ll\\le Mpd.ne

·art1clae. Aa Aurlcaa bora bo7 •M4 to p11\ thea 01lt. I uMcl to

p\ lt n•'f7 week, aD4 til l' there was ea artlele (I vleh I hat

kept u), l\ eal41 •noollttle 414 11\\le, 'bllt .,. \bq vlll .

cose O'Yel' a&alA aD4 Japaa vlll feel HM\hlJa&.l fbare Val a creat

&1'\lele oa tha\1 lll1l4 tbq 1alcl that Doolittle wu t171ac OTeJ' to

· Japaa aa4 about a14place froa Chiaa--he t1ev froa Chtaa, 414a't at

.Aero•• froa ChS.a.at

~ lo, troa Shaner1-1a-... a carrier.

A. · · 111'e11, l baart l \ vaa troa Ohma aa4 half vq »- val too eoan4 •

he 1Ulblh4el the H14tera oa the troll\ pla:Dea aDA aa11 J"OU hal · ~-

'be\tezo fl7 OY81'--\ba\ .la 70111' llreo\loa, eM be fiW \Jack u4 le'

_..,_

-~· --·-- ---"'------- _..__......__ ____ _

" . ..

. .

·.·.

J • (

'- '-' to the tfapaneH •toqt

A. Jea, I l'h4 tlla\ ••lf.

\· Vha' t.o 7ft bow .a& vlaa\ .... 70'4 tol1•• et the attlaa.. of \U

ottlolale ol' tb8 bho\lYee, ad. vha\ cio 7011 thbk vae \~ a\tlbb \ :·

e1' ~e OOJIJIOJl people •• hoem'ber 8\b vha tbq hear4 tha' thl7 .w•n

&Oiac \o V~ YltJa .Aaert.oa, &114 the attl\llde Of the Gonraaea'J

. ' -J.. · Oh, tU7 wen \brUle& abCMt 1\ aD4 7ft blow, before \hat, \he7

voul4 \ow to •• u4 thq tel\ ltttlo, but attft" that the7 tel\ ...

\lc. J'ft bDv. lfha Japue .. are Ye1f7 obaqeable, a'baoluw}T.

l• oaa1t rel.7 oa thea •' aU.

lfaa \here 11\l.cll talk a'bnt t.ha poael'blll\7 ot Val" 'before Rearl

Bar'bol't 'Dl4 tbq espeo\ lt or 414 tbq ut ea:peot lt I

.t.. · t \hbk t.t vaa ezpeotea., kb4 ot, 'beoauae 7ft bow \hq-l1lee4

\a nat-atar U KoM7e voul4 lle \akea OYer lt7 tfoJo, thero'4 be var

tos- MLH. Because then ••• ou-tov.r OJ' ttn fe&ra eco, u. troa

DOW, alx or HTea 7ea:ta · aco there vaa a aor\ ot e\ruccle-the Blaok

Dracoa etor7 1a tbe larllameat--\bero were qutto a tov people

lllU'4eH4.. Well, that vaa the beg1Jmlnc ot U cd the people,

thq vutd the aUl\&17 par\7 to take \be load, 'but \he loD07e

la.rltaaen\ vat etrollg8r \haa. kt ae aooa d-7011 eee--foJ~

vute4 the alliance of 0el'lla.IJ¥, Japaa and. 1tel7, bu\ the Jlmperor

414 DOt vaat lt. lie aal4 lt we pt allle4 vttb. thea, we•4 nnaJ'

· vta, we'4 loae, but thea foJo trut to 4taouae aB4 tell tu

!mperor that lt the7 wen alllo4.-vel1, tihq'd wta. lollop the

aai4a •vall, 'hea 1'011. ple&M take OYer the lea4, • and u 414.

We 0.. war vaa oO.tq oa aa •oa ae !'o.1o got t.n.

q. . Wba\ 4o people thlak of Ko1107• .aowl

.A.. !bq llke hla becauee he aa14t •te .bou14 DOt fight vl\h \ha

forelpara beO&ll .. w-ov boat• are ut aa 1004 aa thetr' •·

llell thea, JClaa Polchlkoff, that aeua tha\ tibe &Yera&e pereoa 4oew

u\ feel lla417 a'boat tb.e var vlth Cblaal

-28-

·:."'; . ... ·- ·-· . .. - ·-- ·-·· ·-- ·- ·------ -·- - ----·-·· _____ ___.. ............ ...._....,.........._ ____ _

t --

• . . . ~

·-. ( (

A. '. ·

q,. Vell, Xono7• Val h..S.es- at the at&l't of the ,_,..

A. Well, 7••• \rut thea he ••• &Ca1Mt the Oh1M .. Val" too.

A. · I 4oa't. kaov, X bYe baar4 people 1q so. I 4oza1 \ blew uao'17·

·l'• J!l-' aqlac tba\-1 4oa'' 'ltDDW \ha taota, 70\l Jat.ov, U'• .Ja•t

' ·&U••lac·

~. Sure. Wbt 414 ~7 •AT abcrat t~ frlpartite !'act that feJo put ·

t.brought

A. Well, there waa a paztl for l\ aD4 a part,r acataet lt. I cme•• · · t.hq Jue\ foucht OYer it.

~ . What 4o tb87 tbbk of loAOJ"e'• a\&\ua novJ Vba.t lo thq tll1U : ' :

loao7•' e poalt1oa ••• ea the !ri-Part1te fa.ot.l

~ Be vaa agaiaa\ lt. Be vante4--hiza041 Chlohlba an4 loDD7e alv.,.• v&Z:L\e4. to be frtema wlth. the foretpare. 1'11~7 llbd forotpera.

Thaf 1•4. \he poltq tovar4a 1\.

Q. Tn .... b7 1 foretgDera1 the7 lraa.te4 to be frten4.17 v1\h

Amerie&Be aDd the »rt\tah!

A.. lee, aad no\ to fight at all vUh \he forelpera-u\ OTG tho

lluaeiana. lou .... the7 d14a't van\ to fight vtth aJII''bed7. !ho7

bev thq were pret\7 low ooaparecl with thea.

\faa there &ZIT feeltq OYer the fact--vaa there aJl7 iDdlcattoa

that becauae I apaa vu treate4 ooea\17 th&\ 1\ wu vealmaaa

oa our parn

. A. Jo, l h&n UYer hear4 l\JqthlDC like that. faq aq \h&' 7R

could han been .,..q ~ch aore anere oa thea no ia

kuw \bat 7ft ooul4 4.o DeJa liON.

TCN Mi4 that whoa the newa of Pea.J'l Harbor nache4 tbe people,

\be7 were thriUed at the pro.rpec\ of 'bolac 1a Wa•~oa 1a

\hree •on\ha. \lheza 4.14. \hq e\ar\ \o han altc1Tbc1t abnt

their Ylotor,l -29-

~. • c (

0'-i;. "

A. the ttn\ alact.Ybc vaa .1\b lalaa4. tn. bow, ~ ~. : :·;- . ' ·- :·· -~·): fd ~--t·~~ .. ~~

. J-..o\o, ... - aw. welt. _\).t.q kliiA ., let tova. the, edt · M a.. wbat waa aet.Dc '' Jaappea, aa4 bl aalA Qat ta hla uaz., ·

. ·.· . vhlch waa kept a aearet--he ea14--J1l•' aa lt llappu.e4 aow. ' . · .·

.A.erlcana -w01ll.4 l&D4--ne17\h111C woul.4 h Jalt · a~ 1' · lli DOW. Aa ., ... '·

.ooa aa be 41e4, \he people loa\ hope. !U viae peopie d.U. bllt:

\hn thrn.p thai!' faas.tlcl• \he7 101'\ of kept &elq. · :- ·

'l· Ia the veeb .Ia•' prt.r to the ea4 of tba "Wu-tla&\ l.e 1a hl.,

aD4 \he tlrat pan of M.Clla\, 4l4 the pneral I'Wl of \lW p~le-­

ooaua people reall•• \hq tha' tlle pae vu 1lp u4 \ha' thq

.· .· .. · ···· .

. A. Well, •' ••1'"1&117 tba' thq w•14 lon-'bu\ \bq ed.4 \ha' \he . ....

. . . '

n4 wu llaar, whether tta...r woul4 vlA or 1oM. lou Me_. -~ aa14a

1X.,ba for halt a ,...r aore we oa.a atdd thla. Ia caa't a\a.DA 1\ .

a1q -.ore eapaolall7 vhell th1a atoalc boa'b la 4roppe4 all OYer ua.

!hera wolll.da't 1te a pla.oe len, aA4 we woul4 altar 1••• or eUher

. "' ':, ;_·

· · · ~ · Waa there arq feel be &mOJaC \he paopl• *at 1' wo\114 be 'bet,er te

ae tar peace rather tha.a tq w paeh back aa laTaaloal .. · : ·

J.. · Oh, flf\7 · pel'Cent wante4. peace--all the lntellectual peOple wante4

peace. Yes, it ta olll.7 tbe falll111ea of aoldt.ara aD4 aol4iera

thezualyaa. off1oera, thq vented \o flght-thq lea4 thea.

'l'heae lntellectusl.a vho wante4 paaae--vould thq haTe contl.Da.ecl

wl tl:l tu var if the !laperor ha4 ut tamed the peace r•liCrlptl

-· ·~ · · · 1 thlak ••• becauae \he lapenaee caJt.'t aq ~hbg aplDat the

Eaperor. '1'hq Juet oba7 •nrJthill&· the7 csa • t aq thelr opWone

rlcb.t 011t loud • . tou •••• ths rdllt&rT pollee and t.ha police ware

-ao-

. . ... .. ....:.... . . ~ .... _:_:. _ ___ -·- ... ··-- - -~ - - . -·- . ~ .... ~ . . . . . . ---- ~-·~---.,..,..,____~_