HFSS12 for Advanced Antenna Applications
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Transcript of HFSS12 for Advanced Antenna Applications
HFSS 12 for Ad d A tHFSS 12 for Ad d A tAdvanced Antenna& Radar Cross Section
Advanced Antenna& Radar Cross SectionApplications & Ansys
Applications & AnsysAnsysAnsys
March 2010Jason YunSr Application Engineer
March 2010Jason YunSr Application EngineerSr. Application EngineerANSYS INC.Korea
Sr. Application EngineerANSYS INC.Korea
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS Excels at Wide Variety of Antenna ApplicationsAntenna Applications
Military Platform IntegrationPhased Arrays
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Integrated Mobile Devices Commercial Platform IntegrationBiomedical
Example Virtual Prototype for Advanced Phased Array SystemAdvanced Phased Array System• HFSS and Designer used for dynamic co-simulation of phased array
t ith b f i t k
Beamformer Dynamically Linked to HFSS Simulation Dynamic
Link
aperture with beamforming network
Designer/Nexxim
1x16 Array PanelHFSS
Data Link
16x16 Phased Array
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
16x16 Array on UAV Platform
Example Integrated Antenna Design for HP Wireless PrinterDesign for HP Wireless Printer• HFSS enables full-wave design of antennas in operating environment
PIFA Pattern Installed in Printer Platform
PIFA Pattern on
in Printer Platform
WLAN PWB
Impedance Det ningImpedance Detuning of Local Enclosure
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Non-LOS Coupling to Access Point in Office Environment
HFSS 12 Offers Advanced Features for Antenna Design
• Output quantities– Active S-parameters
• Advanced boundary conditions– Perfectly matched layers
Features for Antenna Design
Active S parameters– Antenna trace characteristics (Beamwidth, SLLs)– Near fields and far fields
• Design automation– Parametric modeling
y y– Floquet ports– Periodic linked boundaries– Layered impedance – Screening impedance Parametric modeling
– Parametric sweeps– Optimizations– Sensitivity and statistical analysis
Distributed solve for high performance computing
Screening impedance• Advanced solver technology
– Iterative matrix solver– Higher-order basis functions– ALPS fast and interpolating frequency sweeps – Distributed solve for high-performance computingALPS fast and interpolating frequency sweeps
• Complex materials– Frequency-dependent– Anisotropic
Non-linear -15
-10
-5
0
ss (d
B)
Ansoft Corporation arrayActive Return Loss
– Non-linear
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14Frequency [GHz]
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
Activ
e R
etur
n Lo
Curve InfodB(ActiveS(P1:1))
Setup1 : Sweep1dB(ActiveS(P2:1))
Setup1 : Sweep1
Screening
-25.00-20.00-15.00-10.00-5.000.005.00
90
60
300
-30
-60
-90
m1
m2
m3
m4Name Theta Ang Magm1 -74.00 -74.00 -5.62m2 14.00 14.00 6.51m3 50.00 50.00 3.57m4 -10.00 -10.00 3.79
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Screening impedance used for FSS radome
-120
-150-180
150
120Curve Info lSidelobeY lSidelobeX xdb10Beamwidth(3)
dB(DirTheta)Setup1 : LastAdaptive -5.62 -74.00 61.58
HFSS 12 Offers Advanced Features for Antenna Design
• Antenna Design Kit
Features for Antenna Design
• Dynamic link • Data Link • Antenna Design Kit– Library of 25+
antennas– Custom antennas
• Dynamic link– Bi-directional link
between circuit solver and HFSS
• Data Link– HFSS design can be
used as excitation in a separate HFSS design Custom antennas
– Synthesis feature– Incorporates antenna feed circuits for complete system i l i
p g– Enables efficient
simulation of large and complex geometries
simulation
Source DesignAnsoft
Designer
Port1 1
2
3
V
V
Antenna Input
0 HFSS Model
Designer
0
A
Target Design
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example Platform Integration HFSS ModelHFSS Model
• F-35 Joint Strike Fighter– UHF blade antenna on underside
of fuselage350 MHz solution frequency– 350 MHz solution frequency
• Bounding airbox is 11m x 16m x 5mx 5m– Approximately 13λ x 19λ x 6λ or
1480λ3
• Used as test case to illustrate various solution options
N b f– Number of processors– Matrix solver type– Basis function order
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Basis function order
Comparison of HFSS 11 and HFSS 12 for JSF Antenna Model 12 for JSF Antenna Model
• UHF blade antenna on Joint Strike Fighterg• Inherent improvements in runtime and RAM
usage for this example– Model converges to desired accuracy in 50% of
the time using 20% less RAM
JSF Antenna Model(8 CPUs)
Adaptive Passes to Reach ΔS = 0.02 Tetrahedra Runtime
(min) RAM (GB)
HFSS 11: 2nd order basis and iterative solver 6 162k 98 9.1
HFSS 12: 2nd order basis 6 119k 59 6 9and iterative solver 6 119k 59 6.9
HFSS 12: mixed order basis and iterative solver 7 156k 47 7.6
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS 12 Offers Domain Decomposition SolverDecomposition Solver• Domain decomposition solver
ff f– Efficient solution for very large electromagnetic problems
• Naturally parallelizable to take d t f hi h fadvantage of high-performance
computing resources– Distributed via Message
Passing Interface (MPI)Passing Interface (MPI)• Automatic generation of
domains by mesh partitioningU f i dl
Parabolic reflector antenna with horn feed and mounting structure
– User friendly– Load balance
• Hybrid iterative & direct solver– Multifrontal direct solver for
each subdomain– Subdomains exchange
i f ti it ti l iMachine 1 Machine 2 Machine 31
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
information iteratively via Robin’s interface conditions
12.5 Million unknownsHFSS 11 runtime: 17 hrs
HFSS 12 DDM runtime: 2.5 hrs
“Divide and Conquer”
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Domain Decomposition Process
Mesh partition
Mesh assembly/solve Adaptive analysis……Mesh assembly/solve
Domain 1 Domain 2 Domain N
……
D i it tiDomain iterationDomain iteration
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DDM Solution Time Scales Better than Linearly for This Examplethan Linearly for This Example
Number of Time Speed-upNumber of Domains
Time (secs)
Speed up Factor
1 23252 1.0
2 8928 2.6
3 6056 3.8
4 4479 5.2
5 3476 6.7 1719
me Speed-up
6 2784 8.4
7 2649 8.8
8 2180 10.7
9 2032 11 4 9111315
or fo
r Run
tim9 2032 11.4
10 1760 13.2
11 1859 12.5
12 1804 12 9 3579
Scal
e Fa
cto
12 1804 12.9
13 1527 15.2
14 1649 14.1
15 1313 17 7
13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
S
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
15 1313 17.7
Iterative 1 4815 4.8Number of Domains
Domain Solver Exhibits RAM Savings for this ExampleSavings for this Example
Number of Total AverageNumber of Domains
Total RAM (GB)
Average RAM (GB)
1 33.30 33.30
2 28.43 14.22
3 27.46 9.15
4 24.89 6.22
5 24.88 4.98 RAM Requirement vs Number of Domains
6 23.94 3.99
7 23.53 3.36
8 23.25 2.91
9 22 15 2 46253035
B)
Total RAM
Average RAM
9 22.15 2.46
10 21.06 2.11
11 21.97 2.00
12 20 64 1 72101520
RA
M (G
12 20.64 1.72
13 20.96 1.61
14 20.49 1.46
15 20 18 1 35
05
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15Numberof Domains
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
15 20.18 1.35
Iterative 1 12 12
Number of Domains
Mesh Operations Can Increase Simulation CapacitySimulation Capacity• Surface approximations
Can be used to simplify geometry– Can be used to simplify geometry representation for HFSS meshing engine
– Reduce facet angles for curved surfaces, etc.• Model resolution• Model resolution
– Allows mesher to ignore small details in model geometryApply to imported geometries with electrically– Apply to imported geometries with electrically insignificant details (small fillets, rounds, and chamfer protrusions)
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS 12 Includes Curvilinear Mesh ElementsMesh Elements• Most accurate representation
f d d f lHFSS 12 can use
of curved and conformal structures
• Mesh points pulled to curved
either mesh element
p por true surfaces
• Reduces solution time and RAM usage
Rectilinear mesh element Curvilinear mesh element
RAM usage• Surface approximations can
further control meshing of geometry
Red – HFSS
Blue – Analytic Curve10 cm radius PEC sphere
l d f 0 040 2 GH
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
solved from 0.040 - 2 GHz
Cleanup of Model Geometry Can Increase Simulation CapacityIncrease Simulation Capacity• Geometry healing
Use automated or manual healing to analyze and remove problem features– Use automated or manual healing to analyze and remove problem features– Small gaps, edges or vertices not on face, etc.
• De-featuring– Use to remove holes, chamfers, blends, edges, faces, or sliver faces– In general, is it desirable to remove all electrically insignificant details
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Imported Geometry Can Be ParameterizedParameterized• Imported geometry has no "history" in HFSS model tree
H it i ibl t i di tl dit th t ithi HFSS– However, it is possible to indirectly edit the geometry within HFSS• Examples of parametric operations
– Boolean operations– Moving faces– Arrange objects– Duplicate objects
Moving a Face
Right Click Change Selection Mode to
Example:
Right Click Change Selection Mode to Select Faces
Select face that you would like to modify
Right Click Edit Surface Move Faces Al N l
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Along Normal
GUI Options for Large Models Enable Faster Model Interaction Enable Faster Model Interaction • Following options are accessed through Tools →
O ti M d l O ti Di lOptions → Modeler Options → Display– Set Default View Render to wireframe– Disable Display UV Isolines to simplify wireframe
displaydisplay– Disable Visualize History of Objects to remove
visualization of objects that are part of the model historyhistory
• Disable Visualize Boundaries on Geometry to prevent delays when selecting boundaries
Accessed through Tools → Options → HFSS– Accessed through Tools → Options → HFSS Options → General
• Use larger deviations to view curved objects in less detailless detail
– Accessed through View → Visualization Settings• Disable Do Autosave or set interval to larger value
A d th h T l O ti G l
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– Accessed through Tools → Options → General Options → Project Options
New Modeling Commmands
• Fillets and “Modeler/Chamfer (Fillet)”
Chamfers on 2D objects
• Sheet wrapping• Sheet wrapping• Sheet and body
imprinting with p gprojection
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS-to-HFSS Field Data Link Increases Simulation CapacityIncreases Simulation Capacity• Data Link couples multiple
HFSS d i ll ffi iHFSS designs to allow efficient simulation of large and/or complex geometries– Simulate larger structures on
existing hardware resources• Uni-directional link between
Source Target
Uni directional link between source and target HFSS designsB i f ti d d t i• Basis function order and matrix solver type are independent for source and target designs
S
+ =Source
Target
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Example Data Link for Radome Effects on Phased Array PatternEffects on Phased Array Pattern• Phased array model linked into radome model• Data-linked HFSS models increase capacity without sacrificing
accuracy– Partitioned models use significantly less RAM than full modelPartitioned models use significantly less RAM than full model
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Reference Model Data Linked Model
Example Data Link for Phased Array Integration onto UAVArray Integration onto UAV• Phased array linked into
l f d lplatform model– Solve detailed antenna in
source design– Link field solution as source for
platform design
Source Design is HFSS
Target design is Predator UAV
Source Design is HFSS 16x16 Array
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example Data Link for USB Bluetooth Antenna on PrinterBluetooth Antenna on Printer• Fractal antenna with complex geometry• Data link used to link Bluetooth antenna source
model into multiple printer target models• Coupling to WLAN antennas in target model
agrees with reference model which includes all antennas
Coupling Between WLAN and External Bluetooth Antennas
-20
-10
0
dB)
-40
-30
Cou
plin
g (d
Data Link Target Model
Data Link Source Model Bluetooth-
WLAN1Bluetooth-WLAN2
-60
-50
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Target ModelFull Model -49 -32Data Link -49 -33
Example Data Link for Printer and Router in Office EnvironmentRouter in Office Environment• Data link extended to multiple target projects• Cascaded target designs used to compute
coupling between antennas– Coupling primarily a result of multipath
t i i ff ttransmission effects– Printer to router coupling = -55 dB
Source ProjectP i tPrinterTarget Project
Router
Incident FieldIncident Field From Printer
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Office Environment (Intermediate Target)
Distributed Solve Option Increases Simulation ThroughputIncreases Simulation Throughput• Takes advantage of high-performance computing resources• Distributes frequency sweeps and certain Optimetrics
simulations across multiple processors and/or computers• Performs simulations in parallel rather than sequentially• Highly scalable near-linear improvement in compute time
11
23
2
Monitor progress for each machine
Solve design using Distributed mode
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Specify machines on network by name or IP address
for each machine
HFSS 11 Can Distribute Multiple Types of SimulationsTypes of Simulations• DSO can be used for various types of simulations
Di t f– Discrete frequency sweeps– Interpolating frequency sweeps– Optimetrics parametric sweeps– Optimetrics statistical analysis– Optimetrics genetic algorithm optimizer– Any of the above that are part of sensitivity analysis
Ten 8-core machinesOne 8-core machine
Adaptive Solutions10 passes/variation
ModelVariation 1
Frequency SweepInterpolating Sweeps
Adaptive Solutions10 passes/variation
ModelVariation 1
Frequency SweepInterpolating Sweeps10 passes/variation
20 minutes/variation200 minutes total
Variation 2…Variation 10
Interpolating Sweeps3 minutes/sweep30 minutes total
10 passes/variation20 minutes/variation22 minutes total(10% overhead)
Variation 2…Variation 10
Interpolating Sweeps3 minutes/sweep3 minutes total
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Total time for Optimetrics with DSO: 25 minutes
Total time for Optimetrics with single machine: 230 minutes
Advantages of Using HFSS with Distributed Solve OptionDistributed Solve Option
• Utilize multi-core, multi-CPU clusters to greatly accelerate simulation times (approximately linear scale factor)
• Explore larger design spaces in less time• Establish scalable hardware platforms to take advantage
of increasingly parallelized algorithms in HFSS
• Optimetrics analysis of circularwaveguide phased array
• Parametric sweep over 45
• Optimetrics analysis of PIFAradiating element
• Parametric sweep of antenna
0Ansoft Corporation isolationS11 for Element 1 Parametric Sweep
scan angles• 5X faster when distributed to
6 CPUs
geometry• 7.5X faster when distributed
to 8 CPUs
25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
dB(S
(P1,
P1))
Curve InfodB(S(P1,P1))
Setup1 : Sweep1extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))Setup1 : Sweep1extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0Freq [GHz]
-35
-30
-25 dB(S(P1,P1))Setup1 : Sweep1extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))Setup1 : Sweep1extra_element_lengt
dB(S(P1,P1))
Scan Impedance
Introducing the HFSS-IE Solver Introducing the HFSS-IE Solver SS So eoption
SS So eoption
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS 12.1
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS 12.1: New IE Solver
• IE, what is it?A l t h l i th HFSS d kt– A new solver technology in the HFSS desktop
– A 3D Method of Moments (MoM) Integral Equation technique• Efficient solution technique for large, open, radiating or
scattering analyses– Antenna placement– Radar cross section (RCS)
• Automated results with accuracyEffective utilization of automated adaptive meshing technique– Effective utilization of automated adaptive meshing technique from HFSS
• Ensures accuracy– Employs Adaptive Cross Approximation (ACA) technique for
larger simulationlarger simulation• Automated matrix based solution for larger problems
• Easy to use interface – Implemented as a new design type in the HFSS desktop
Sh d l i t f d i il l i t• Shares same modeler interface and similar analysis setup• Minimal user training required for existing users of HFSS
• Utilization of results from HFSS as a linked source– Link can include effects of backwards scattering to the
source geometry
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
source geometry
Application: Antenna Placement
• Antenna Placement - Predator UAV drone:– UHF (900 MHz) and VHF (350 MHz)
– All conducting. Aluminum airframe and antenna elementsBlade antenna geometry with slot feed
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
– Blade antenna geometry with slot feed
Application: Antenna Placement
• Antenna Placement - Predator UAV drone @ VHF
– Wingspan ≈ 17λWingspan 17λ– Surface Currents– Far Fields
S t
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
– S-parameters
Application: Antenna Placement
• Predator UAV drone @ 350MH350MHz– HFSS-IE:
• Time: 1:30:51 (10 adapt. passes + ( p p12 solve int. sweep)
• Memory: 5.3 GB– HFSSSS
• Time: 2:25:13 (8 adapt. passes + 20 solve int. sweep)
• Memory: 7.2 GBy– Similar Results
• IE (Integral Equation)FE (“Traditional” HFSS Finite• FE (“Traditional” HFSS Finite Element)
– Saving in memory and time ith HFSS IE
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
with HFSS-IE
Application: Radar Cross Section
• RCS of PEC Cone Sphere
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Easy to Use
• A new design type in the HFSS desktopthe HFSS desktop– Similar interface as
HFSSS d l t– Same model tree
– Same project tree– Similar solution setup– Same reporter– Minimal training for
existing HFSS usersg– Easily share models
and materials between types
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Automated and Accurate Results
• Same adaptive meshing technology as HFSS
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS-IEHFSS-IERCSBenchmarksRCSBenchmarks
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS-IE
Benchmarks
First will consider the standard benchmarksFirst will consider the standard benchmarks from the electromagnetic code consortium (EMCC)(EMCC)
For the simple shapes (examples 1 3) the solve time was a fewFor the simple shapes (examples 1-3) the solve time was a few minutes and around 500MB RAM for each.
Note: all figures taken from A.C. Woo et al, “Benchmark radar targets for the validation of computational electromagnetics programs,” IEEE AP Magazine, Vol. 35, Feb., 1993, pp. 84-89 or for the cases of the cone sphere from A.D.Greenwood, et al, “A novel algorithm for the scattering from a
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
g gcomplex BOR using the mixed finite elements and cylindrical PML,” IEEE AP Trans., Vol. 47, April, 1999, pp 620-629
Example 1 – RCS BM 1
Example: Monostatic RCS NASA Almond:Example: Monostatic RCS – NASA Almond:
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 39 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 1 - RCS
-20.00
-15.00Ansoft LLC XY Plot 1 ANSOFT
Results:
-35 00
-30.00
-25.00
tatic
RC
SP
hi)
Results:
50 00
-45.00
-40.00
35.00
dB(M
onos
t
25 00
-20.00
0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 125.00 150.00 175.00IWavePhi
-55.00
-50.00
-40.00
-35.00
-30.00
-25.00
cRC
SThe
ta)
-60.00
-55.00
-50.00
-45.00
dB(M
onos
tatic
0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 125.00 150.00 175.00IWavePhi [deg]-70.00
-65.00
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Example 2 – RCS BM 2
Monostatic RCS Ogive:Monostatic RCS –Ogive: ≈25 cm long analyzed at 9 GHz.
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Example 2 – RCS BM 2
A ft LLC HFIED i hXY Pl t 2
30 00
-20.00
-10.00Ansoft LLC HFIEDesign_phXY Plot 2 ANSOFT
Curve InfodB(MonostaticRCSPhi)
Setup1 : LastAdaptiveFreq='9GHz' IWaveTheta='90deg' Phi='0deg' Theta='0deg'
dB(MonostaticRCSTheta)1Imported
Freq='9GHz' IWaveTheta='90deg' Phi='0deg' Theta='0deg'
-50.00
-40.00
-30.00
Y1
-70.00
-60.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00IWavePhi
-80.00
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Example 3 – RCS BM 3
Monostatic RCS Double Ogive:Monostatic RCS – Double Ogive: ≈ 19 cm long analyzed at 9GHz.
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Example 3 – RCS BM 3
-10 00
-20.00
10.00
40 00
-30.00
Y1
-50.00
-40.00
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00IWavePhi
-60.00
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 44 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 4 – RCS BM 4
E ample Monostatic RCS Cone SphereExample: Monostatic RCS – Cone Sphere: ≈ 68 cm long analyzed at 9GHz.
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 45 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 4 – RCS BM 4
0.00
10.00
-20.00
-10.00
cRC
SPhi
)_al
l
50 00
-40.00
-30.00dB
(Mon
osta
tic
0 00 25 00 50 00 75 00 100 00 125 00 150 00 175 00-70.00
-60.00
-50.00
0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 125.00 150.00 175.00IWavePhi [deg]
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 46 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 5 – RCS BM 4
Example: Monostatic RCSExample: Monostatic RCS –Cone Sphere with gap (λ/5 width and depth): ≈ 68 cm long analyzed at 9GHz≈ 68 cm long analyzed at 9GHz.
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 47 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 5 – RCS BM 4
-10.00
0.00
10.00
-30.00
-20.00on
osta
ticR
CS
Phi
)
60 00
-50.00
-40.00
dB(M
o
0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 125.00 150.00 175.00IWavePhi [deg]
-70.00
-60.00
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 48 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Example 6 – RCS Mixed Scatterer
εr = 2.6
PEC
Radius. = 2.03λ0
Overall Length = g2.7λ0
Use default settings and 2 passes HFSS-IE - < 2min and 550MB
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 49 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Data available from L. Medgyesi-Mitschang and D-S Y Wang,”Hybrid solutions for scattering from large bodies of revolution with material discontinuities and coatings,” Trans. AP, Vol 32, July 1984, pp. 717-723.
Example 6 – RCS Mixed Scatterer
Mixed Scatterer
25
30
15
20
CS
dB(NormRCSPhi) [] - IE
Norm RCS (dB) - Reference
5
10
Bis
tatic
RC
-5
0
-100 30 60 90 120 150 180
Angle (deg)
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 50 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
HFSS and HFSS and ANSYS Thermal/Mechanical/Fluid Integration
ANSYS Thermal/Mechanical/Fluid IntegrationIntegrationIntegration
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Introduction to ANSYS WorkbenchWorkbench
• Advanced platform for intuitive multi-physics simulation– Schematic-based framework for integrated engineering analysis
• Pre-processing, meshing, simulation, and post-processingBi di ti l ti f ll j CAD k– Bi-directional connections for all major CAD packages
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Automated HFSS Export to ANSYS WorkbenchANSYS Workbench• HFSS 12 includes automated link for thermal
l i i ANSYS W kb hanalysis in ANSYS Workbench– Allows Workbench solvers to invoke HFSS in
batch mode to obtain power loss density– Supports thermal static and transient analysis
• Mesh-independent linkModel geometry should also be exported– Model geometry should also be exported
– Accurate control of load mapping• Allows access to other Workbench solutions
– Non-linear thermal stress, pre-stressed mechanical eigenmode analysis, CFD, etc.
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Integrated Multi-Physics Approach to Phased Array System Approach to Phased Array System
Antenna/Radar DesignCircuit
and EM
Antenna/Radar Design• Radiation pattern• Effect of temperature on electrical properties• Radiation performance under• Radiation performance under deformed conditions
Phased ArraySystemDesign
CFDCSM
Mechanical, Shock, and Vibration Analysis• Component de-bonding• Thermal stresses
Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Simulations• Radiation and transfer to electronics board and
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 54 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Thermal stresses• Board deformation
electronics board and surroundings• Active cooling
Example Phased Array Panel Multi-Physics Analysis
• ANSYS coupled-physics methodology for phased array
Multi-Physics Analysis
radar system design
Power density Temperature
Deformations,Induced vibrations
Ansoft Designer and HFSS
ANSYS Mechanical or CFD
ANSYS Mechanical
Power density Temperature
Circuit and Electromagnetics
Thermal, Fluid flow
Thermal stress, modal randomElectromagnetics flow modal, random shock/vibe, etc.
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Example Integrated Radar System
Side-Looking Synthetic Aperture Radar Global HawkSynthetic Aperture Radar
Radar - OperationSpot Collection Modep
AmplitudePhase
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Quasi-Yagi Radiating Element Antenna Array Active Electronically Scanned Array
Virtual Prototype of Phased Array
1D: CircuitDynamic
Link 3D: 16x16 Antenna ArrayComponent Design
Link
Designer/Nexxim HFSS
Results
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16x16 Antenna ArrayRadar System Virtual Prototype
ANSYS Aerodynamics Analysis of Radome Integration EffectsRadome Integration Effects
Radome
With RadomeWith Radome
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 58 ANSYS, Inc. ProprietaryPressure Contours with Streamlines
Without Radome
Integrated Antenna Panel Used for Multiphysics Simulationsfor Multiphysics Simulations
AntennaAntenna Element
Circulator
BFN
Amp
Power Distribution
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Workbench Project Page for Integrated Antenna PanelIntegrated Antenna Panel
• Intuitive flowchart-like workflow structure• Data easily shared between different modules
Steady-State Thermal Static Structural Prestressed Modal Random Vibrationy
Shock Response
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p
Steady-State Thermal Analysis of Integrated Antenna Panelof Integrated Antenna Panel
Inject heat at each power amplifier location
ANSYS predicts temperature i d t h t l d
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rise due to heat loads
Static Structural Analysis of Integrated Antenna PanelIntegrated Antenna Panel
ANSYS predicts structure deformations due to temperature rise
Specify locations of structural supports on array panel
The temperature distribution on the board will develop thermal strains causing the board to deform ( )ref
zth
yth
xth TT −=== αεεε
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Structural boundary conditions and any external loads (pressures, forces, etc.) can be added
Modal Analysis of Integrated Antenna PanelAntenna Panel
Results show Eienmode Shapes and Frequencies
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 11
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Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 11