HERBICIDE FACT SHEETS

Prepared by

C.L. Elmore, W.B. McHenry, H. Agamalian, W.A. Harvey and A.H. Lange University of California, Agricultural Extension Service

Fbr use as a ha~ fact sheet on herbicides. Labels and technical data sheets should be consulted for each herbicide if more in:formation is required.

NOTE: Phytotoxic soil life as indicated is derived from irrigated cropland.

Revised: 1/72

Triazines

General characteristics: Long residual (3-18 months), relatively insoluble in water, low volatility, soil-applied

weak on some grass species, tolerance of many plants due to placement. Sorghum and some other monocotyledon

generas degrades some enzymatically. Symptoms from soil applications o~en interveinal.

BASIC STRUCTURE I (EXAtMPLESl ) I TRADE NAMES wa er _so •

r~ R-N-tJN-R

,ametryne (185 ppm)

atrazine (70 ppm)

ps-14254 (620 ppm)

prometone (750 ppm)

prometryne

(48 ppm)

propazine (8.6 ppm)

SD-15418 (l.60 ppm}

simazine (5 ppm)

Evik®

Aatrex®

Sumitol®

Pramitol®

Caparol®

Milogara.®

Blad ex®

Princep®

USES PERFORANCE

Potato dessicantlFlorida registration only.

corn, milo,non­crop sites, Christmas trees

Experimental, promising in alfalfa

Non-crop, limited use.

Applied with non-phytotoxic oil to mile and corn for barnyardgrass and pigweed control. Relatively long­li ved in soil.

RESISTANT SPECIES

~trazine: turkey mullein, lantains, annual panicum rasses

Prometone: ryegrass, turkey ~ullein

cotton, celery Limited to transplant celeIJ; Orasses controls cheeseweed, grounds el.

grain sorghum

corn, grain I Short-lived in soils. sorghum .

corn, apples, !Essentially no pastemergent citrus, pears, activity at low rates. plums, cherries, I Re la ti vely long-lived in walnuts, . soil.

. asparagus, artichpkes, · I Christmas trees,prnamentals.

Simazine: turkey mullein, !plantain, filaree, cheeseweed 'crabgrass, barnyardgrass, and .annual panicum grasses •

BASIC STRUCTUBE EXAMPLES TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES water sol.)

terbutryn Igran® winter ·wheat Relatively short-lived in (58 ppm) (Pacific soil, some post activity.

Northwest) ..

BAY 94337 Sencor® Potato,tomato Preemergence and early post- Weak on most grasses. (1200 ppm) emergence.

cypazine Outfox® corn Relatively long-lived in (insol.) soil, post activity.

Substituted ureas

General characteristics: Long residual (3-18 months) relatively insoluble in water, low volatility, tolerance of

many plants due to placement, soil-applied, symptoms from soil applications often veinal chlorosis.

f BASIC STRUCTURE! (~~~~l. ) l TRADE NAMES

0

" R -N-C-N-R 2 2

chlorm:uron (3.7 ppm)

diuron (42 ppm)

fenuron (3850 ppm)

fluometuron (90 p)?lll)

linuron (75 p:pm)

Tenoran®

Ka.rm.ex®

IDybar <K

lcotoran ®

l1orox ®

metobromuron r Patoran ®

(320 ppm)

monuron ITelvar ® (230 ppm)

USES

annual weeds in strawberries, onions, carrots

PERFORMANCE

soil residual life from 3-6 months, not effective in high O.M. soils. Effective on seedling weeds.

cotton,walnuts,l Some postemergence activity pears,vines, with surfactant on seedling apples, asparag s weeds. noncrop areas.

brush control.

cotton

pre-or early postemergent

preemergence in

cotton, noncrop area,dichondra, asparagus

Effective in mineral soils.

foliage active. Relatively short-lived in soil.

Soil persistence 6 to 8 months.

leaches faster than most ureas.

RESISTAl\.TT SPECIES

Sowthistle

Diuron and monuron: common groundsel,wild oats, (diuron), turkey mullein, plantains, spurge.

Linuron: carrot fardlr, Russic.n t11istle, S".lF:e

a,mucl 1_;ra3ses.

QU.Ut>ltl..LVU.VC\.L U.J.~QtWt \,_v.1..a.u.,,_..1..a.lo4.'--'"'4 I

BASIC STRUCTURE EXAMPLES TRADE HAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

(water sol. )

neburon Bonus for dichondra solubility low, leaches (4.8 ppm) Dichond.ra ® slowly.

norea Herban ® cotton, spinach spinach preemergence-sprinkl.E r Norea: grasses, pigweed, (150 ppm} irrigation, short-lived malva

soil residual.

siduron Tupersan ® Pre-or post- has not controlled crabgrass Siduron: cool season (18 ppm) plant 1 preemerge teffectively in California. grasses (annual bluegrass,

control in turf ryegrass,fescue,bluegrass) grass

Uracils

General characteristics: Long residual (to 24 months), relatively insoluble in water, low volatility. Tolerance of many plants di;e to placement, soil-applied, symptoms from soil applications of veinal or blotchy leaf chlorosis.

BASIC STRUCTURE EY.All'D?LES TRADE NAMES USES FERFORMA..NCE RESIST.ANT SPECIES (water sol. )

H 'bromacil Hyvar-X® I pre-and early Soil-applied. With early Bromacil: common mullein

r; 0 (815 ppm) combined with postemergent postemergent activity. Long to 6 to 8 lb. ai./A. R,,,,, '1'

~\r-R diuron annual weed and soil residual except under (Krovar®) bermudagrass excessive surface uater. R/

control in citrus and non-crop.

terbacil Sinbar® terbacil used in Postemergence activity on Labiates, some annual grasses (740 ppm) apples,citrus, seedling weeds. cat's ear, and false salsify.

, peaches, and almonds.

Carbamates

General characteristics: Short soil residue, need incorporation, volatile, relatively insoluble in water,

excellent grass control, symptoms normally twisting or stunting of seedlings, strapped leaves of some

broadleaf plants.

EXAMPLES BASIC STRUCTURE J {water sol.) TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE I RESISTANT SPECIES

0 propham IPC ® lettuce,winter mechanical incorporation or I composites, shepherd 1 spurse,

R I (280 ppm) annual grass sprinkler irrigation must lambsquarters. \ II control follow application. ll-C-0-R

I R I chlorpropham CIPC @; lalfalfa,ladino, I short soil life,dodder i· Many compssites

(88 ppm) garlic control.

barb an Carbyne ® postemergenc I specific for wild oats. (11 ppm) wild oat contro

Phenylcarbamate in cereals

cycloate Ro-Neet® sugar beets Incorporate. shepherd'spurse,groundsel.

R 0 I (85 ppm)

\ II n-c-s-R JEPrC lEptam® lpreemergent short-lived. Most effective I Legumes, mal va, groundsel ,

(375 ppm) annual weed applied on dry soil. puncturevine. R control in Incorporate immediately.

butylate ISutan®

reans,alfalfa

corn I short soil life ! hairy nightshade

(45 ppm)

diallate Avadex® preemergent wild I most broadleaves

(14 ppm) oat control in

Thiocarbamates . cereals

Carbamates (continued)

BASIC STRUCTURE EXAMPLES ~ol~J J ~RA~~s I USES I _PERFORMANCE I RESISTANT SPECIES

Tb.iocarbamates

s ~N~c-s-R R/

Dithiocarbamates

briallate (4 ppm)

1Pebulate (~o ppm)

lmolinate (1000 ppm)

ivernolate (109 ppm)

CDEC (92 ppm)

,met ham

Avadex Bw®

Tillam®

Ordam®

Vernam<E:

~reemergent ~ostplant, shallow soil ~ild oat control ~oil incorporation. ~n cereals

~reemergent

nnual weed ontrol in omatoes,sugar eets

~ncorporate. Control of f.rellow nuts edge.

Most broadleaves

Many crucifers,puncture­vine, burning nettle.

lbarnyardgrass controi in rice

Wre-or-post flood, preemerg.IBroadleaf rice weeds, br early postemergent. sprangletop, nutsedge.

soybean

~ -~~~-+~--~--~---~------~ Vegadex®

Vapam® vPMID

broccoli,lettuc~1short soil residue, pre-~omatoes plant incorporation

soil surface is sealed Mith water or tarp.

Crucifers, grass,malva solonaceae, knotweed

bermudagrass, nutsedge, cheeseweed

soil fumigant for preplant or nonselective IPostemergence. ·-~--·-- J '·-·-·-----r--

. ,asulam (sol.) Asulox® promising for jnot soil active I cod.dcbur

~2NIJ.C01CH3 .~~:~~~~r~~nce . 1·

perennial weeds. methyl I sulfanilylcarblma_t~e~~~....l..~~~~~~.L..~~~~~~~.L.-~~~~~~~~~~~--.i._.~~~~~~~~~~-----

~ ;

V~.&. "'"""~"-- \.--••--••1"'""'--1

BASIC STRUCTURE (E~LES ) wa er sol. TRADE lfAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

?ethyl carbanil 1.te phenmedipham Betanal c& poster.iergent Apply low gallonage red.root pigweed, red.maids,

( <io ppm) broadleaf weedf 1 qt/10 gal. water :per acre, and barnyardgrass. in sugar beets moderate agitation only.

-~-

~thyl carbamat1 i Azalr.® terbutol crabgrass and Needs complete coverage.

(6 n;mi) annual Not as volatile as most bluegrass carbamates, longer residual. control in tu:rf

~es (cbloroacetamides)

General characteristics: Short to long soil residual (2-12 months), relatively insoluble in water, slight volatility, good grass control, soil-applied except propanil, symptoms from soil application usually stunting.

EXAMPLES TRADE NJ\MF.S USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES BASIC STRUCTURE (water sol.) --

CD.AA Randox® Preemergent or CDAA: more active in soils {20,000 ppm) directed post- of medium to high organic

emergent on matter. 0 onions ..

R-C .. NH-R . di:phenamid Dymia.@ Preplant or generally incorporated, diphenamid: solanaceae (260 ppm) Enide® postplant pre- preemergence under and compositae

emergent sprinklers particularly effective on annual grasses.

Amide RH-315 Kerb@; pre-or early Residual in mineral soils Kerb®-composi tae:

(15 ppm) postemergent 4 months to 6 months, {groundsel, pineapple control in cereal grains and grassy weed,), puncturevine lettuce crops sensitive.

R-7~5 Devrinol<E promising injurious if deep hairy nightshade, henbit, (73 ppm) for tree crops, incorporated, long resid- Russian thistle.

tomatoes, ual, shows promise on ornamentals and yellow nutsedge asparagus

,_,

~"""-- \--• -- - -- .....-,

BASIC STRUCTURE E~IES (wa r· sol.) TRADE NAMBS USES PERFORMANCE BESISTAifll SPECIES

propanil Rogue® postemergent :propa.nil; sprangletop (500 ppm) Stam F-34 ® barnyardgrass

control in rice -

alacblor Lasso® preemergent Shows promise on yellow Alacblor: knotweed, wild oats, 0 (148 ppm) annual grass nutsedge, and solanaceae cocklebur, mustard .. control in corn weeds, shallow incorporation.

R,..C-NH-¢ dry beans

propachlor Ramrod® mile, onions Short-lived in soil. Analides (700 ppm) after 1 1/2

leaf' stage

Ana lines

General characteristics: medium to long residual (4-18 months), low solubility in water, relatively volatile, excellent annual grass control, soil applied (incorporated), symptoms--root inhibition and stunting. Weak on plants of compositae, cruciferae, solanaceae, and leguminosae families.

- . .__........ -- --·-EXAMPLES TRADE NAMES water sol.)

Balan®

Surflan®

BASIC STRUCTURE I J b R R

'I ' 1JN-o-· ~ _N"2 , I

:-._ "

0

R i Paarlan®

n Planavin®

I t Tref'lan®

A t Torpedo®

d Cobex®

I A-820 I (188 ppm) __ • ·-.--

USES -

lettuce,annual grass control in turgrasses

tomatoes

preplant pre-emergent control in annual crops and in established perennial crops

·-PERFORMANCE

soil persistance may limit certain crops in rotation.

Less dependent on rapid soil incorporation. May be watered in. Strongly absorbed.

Requires soil incorporat within 24 hours. StrongJ adsorbed in soil. Very toxic to fish.

Analog of nitralin

Analog of trifluralin

Analog of nitralin

ion .y

RESISTANT SPECIES

Compositae: sunflower, grounds el

Cruciferae: mustard, London rocket, shepherd 1spurse

Solanaceae: ground cherry, nightshade

Leguminosae: burclover

c

c

Phenoxy compounds

General characteristics: short soil residual (1-4 months) moderately volatile, controls broadleaf plants (foliage

applied), symptome twisting of petioles, leaf epinasty. Danger of drift and with some formulations

volatility problems.

BASIC STRUCTURE E~ffiMPLE1 (wa'ter so • ) TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

2,4-D Mmy Broadleaved Some volatility problems Most grasses

-Q-C··C·· ( /\.- Goo ppm) weed control with esters. Soil residual swamp smartweed

()Cl in grain crops, 1-2 mo. drift is a major pastures, turf hazard. and rangeland LD50 Oral 375-800 mg/kg

Cl

2,4,5-T Mrny brush control Volatility and drift are Most grasses

-o-c-c-(238 p:pm) on pasture and primary hazards, Soil

rangeland residual 2-4 mo.

[JCl (foliage LD50 Oral 485-500_mg/kg. trans located

l ...........,,, or basal Cl sprays)

Sil vex Silvex® Brush control Volatility and drift are Most grasses

c (2,4,5-TP) Weedone ® (foliage primary hazards. Soil. St~loniferous grasses

I (180 ppm) (2,4,5-TP) translocated residual 2-4 mo. more sensitive

-o-c-c- Kuron® or basal spray )

LCfl and broadleaf weed control in turfgrass.

- --- -- ----- ----BASIC STRUCTURE

E"'~LES (w~ er sol.) TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTAiiJT SPECIES I

2,4-DB j But ox one® Bread.leaved Poor results under cold Most grasses, legumes, and I

(essentiallYj Butyrac ® weed control temperatures. other broadleaved weeds

c-c-c-c- insoluble ' in seedling Converts to 2,4-D in ( chee seweed ) i

Cl in water) i legumes susceptible plants and in I 1

soil, residue in soil 1-2 mo.

! LD50 Oral 400 mg/kg Q

-~-dichlorprop Propi-Rhap® brush control Similar to 2,4-D but Most grasses and some

(2,~-DP) Visko-Rhap ® effective on oal:s. brush species. Cl c, (710 ppm) Brusbkiller LD50 Oral 400 mg/kg

170® I Q MCP.h. several Broadleaved similar to 2,4-D but more most grasses and some

-0-C-C- (essentiall;y weed control selective, i.e. rice, oats, legumes.

QCH3 insoluble in grain crops~ and ladino clovers. in water) pastures, and

some legur;1es

c -o-s-c-c-c- MCPB Can-trol® Canada thistle Similar to 2,4-D but more most grasses and legumes.

......_ H (essentiall~ Thitrol® in Slllall selective on legumes. ] 3 insoluble ir grains and pea:; w50 Oral 700 mg/kg

ff water)

c M~coprop l4:?coprop® Control of Similar to 2,4-D Turf grasses

\ MCPP V.ecopex® broadleaves LD50 Oral 650 mg/1:g

>-C-C (600 ppm) (clover, etc.)in

CH., turfgrass. Saf ~r

I .) on bentgrass than others in 0 this group.

/\ l

H

Chlorinated benzoic acid derivatives

General characteristics: Short (chloramben, 1-2 mo.) to long residual--12-24 +months, relatively nonvolatile, controls broadleaf plants (soil applied and/or foliage applied) Cexcept chloramben) symptoms, twisting of petioles, leaf epinasty, hazard from dri~.

BASIC STRUCTURE EXAMPLES TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTA~JT SPECIES /----'---- ....... , ' picloram To rd on® Broadleaved Soil residual to 2 years or grasses and cruciferae

{430 ppm) Tordon 22~ weeds and brush more is major hazard. (mustard) family to low Tordon Bead~ on noncrop land, LD50 Oral 8200 mg/kg. rates. v·CL Tordon lOK® as foliage

C : COOR pellets trans located sprays and as

N soil residual treatments.

dicamba Banvel® Foliage trans- Major hazards are dri~ and Dandelion and plantain (4500 ppm) located spray soil residual. tolerant to dosages used

for broadleaved LD50 Oral 2900 mg/kg ort grass turf. Swamp weeds in small smartweed, perennial n c: l'l~ grains, corn, peppergrass. sorghum, grasses, and turf. Fol-iage or soil treatment for perennial weeds on noncrop land •

. , ···-2,3,6-TBA Trysben 2ocfB Soil residual Soil residual to 2 years is grasses have some

0 PBA Benzac 1281@ treatment for major hazard. tolerance

l Cl (8400 ppm) Benzac 354® perennial LD50 Oral 750-1644 mb/kg broadleaved

Cl weeds on noncrop land.

c.

Chlorinated benzoic acid der~vatives (continued)

BASIC STRUCTURE E'~ (wa er sol.)

~ TRADE NAMES USES PGRFORMAUCE RESIST.ANT SPECIES

\

c

..

chloramben \Amiben® l A soil incorpo- Soil residual 1-2 months Controls only limited number

COOR (700 ppm) , Vegiben® !rated selective LD50 Oral 3500-5620 mg/kg of broadleaved s:pecies.

' I treatment. Better for grass control. eel jPreemergence in

1 )NH2 squash,soybeans established tomatoes ,and lirna beans

..

Nitriles (alkyl cyanides)

General characteristics: Short (Bromoxynil) to medium {dichlobenil) soil residual, better broadleaf than grass control.

BASIC STRUCTURE ~~ol.) TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

dichlobenil Casoron® tree and vine relatively high vapor Marestail, puncturevine {18 ppm) crops, ponds, pressure, w.p., must annual grasses

C ::;:;:. N buckhorn plan- incorporate, general ,- tain, Equisetum annuai weed control;

0 control promising on bindweed and nutseclge. Ladino clover and trefoil fairly resistant.

bromo:rynil Brominil® selective Fiddleneck control in Most grasses, Pigweed {<200 ppm) Buctril ® foliar contact cereals, control of

Nu.lawn ® herbicide in seedling broadleaf weeds cereals and in young grass turf. turf

Organic Arsenicals

General characteristics: Pa.rent compound has a short soil residual. The elemental arsenic component, however, is adsorbed and is long residuel. Foliage applied, translocated except cacodylic acid. Non volatile. Repeat applications normally necessary on perennials for control. Monocotyledons more sensitive than dicotyledons

~ksrc STRUCTURE EXAMPLES (Water sol. ) TRADE NAMES USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

DSMA Ansar 184® Selective post- Registered only in cotton Bermudagrass, most

R 0 . (256,000 ppm) Sodar ® emergent, crab- and in California in non- turf grasses,_ TJ]?ba.

" ti Dimet ® grass and dallis- bearing tree fruits. All

As - R grass control in arsonates are appreciably R/ turf, johnsongrasE less effective under con-

bulrush, and nut- ditions of cool (700 F. sedge. or less) temps.

MSMA Ansar 529 ® (256,000 :ppm) Ansar 170®

Arsonate ®.: liquid

Weed-E-Rad 12( ® Weed Free 12 <i! Daconate ®

MAMA (256,000 ppm) Monoammonium

met~l arsonatE ®

AMA Super Crab-® (soluble) E-Rad

Methar ®

CMA Ca.lar ® (soluble)

Cacodylic Phytar 138® Nonselective post Will kill weeds under watex Broadleaf weeds more Acid Pbytar 168® emergence annual stress conditions better resistant-than grasses.

(667,000 p:pm) Phytar 560® ~eed control. Alsc than paraquat. Kilz-All® formulated with Good dessicant. Rad-E-Cate 35(l-1$MA (Br• ad.side ) r with 2,4-D

(Mad ). ..

l j

f t r f

r

I··

~

Dipyridyliums

General characteristics: No soil activity,binds to soil, No antidote foliage applied or in water, po7appreciable translocation, possible drift hazard.

EXAMPLES BASIC STRUCTURE (wa.telLSOl.) TRADE NAMES USES PEP.FOP.MANCE RESIST.fu'lT SPECIES

Q ++ Diquat Ortho Diquat<B Submersed aquatic Deactivated in muddy Chara and other submersed -.

yj2 {soluble) weecL control. water or in presence of algae.

~·r Edging of heavy algal bloom. Highly ornamentals. active on Elodea, Bi ode-

grades slowly, strongly e.asorbed.

paraquat (soluble) Paraquat® nonselective Used with a sur~actant. Cheeseweed, knotweed, filaree,

contact herbicide Destroys green tissue Fluellin, and older plants ++ including green stems of of many species. _,

young trees or vines.

fs-N() c ~ . I Paraquat corrosive to

-CH3J 2Cl aluminum. Biodegrades slowly, strongly aasorbed. t Drift hazard to susceptible crops

GBotJl>: MISCELLANEOUS _..,.... ... -BASIC S'l'RUCTURE EXAMPLES TRADE NAMES

wate,.. snl. \

o,, /~ bCPA IDacthal® c :<J. ppm) Kem-Krab®

01Cr i Cl ~ Cl

c d<I 'OCH3

nitro:f'en !~

c (insoluble)

Q~ Cl

~G~G~ flurodifen Preforan\IV . (<2.o ppm) Fj

HN-N 19mitrole ;Amitrol 9o®

' II · (28o,ooo ppm Amizol® BC C-Imt! ~N' ~mitrole Amitrol-'l®

+ Cytrol® !ammonium.

thiocyanate

'.\{ q1 .. 2 Balapon · Dowpon® u-9-g-c-o-Na (900,000 ppm

H 1

USES

Preemergent annual weed control in grass turf, onions, cotton, garlic, and most ornamentals Pre-or early postemergent annual weed control in onions, cruci-f erous crops {cabbage, brussel sprouts) and ornamentals

Foliage treat-ments for cattail horsetail rush, hoarycress, Poison oak and general annual weeds.

Foliage treat-ments for grass control and ,.,..,,,£..&...,.;,

PERFORMANCE

"lery low solubility, 0.5 ~pm, must be incorporated lnechanically or by leaching. breemergence use under 3prinklers, more predictable ~ontrol in lighter soils.

~f'ective early pcstemergena: short residual, may be deac-.. i vated by cultivation •.. lood performance under sprinkler irrigation al-though excess water at first in'igation may injure olants {girdling)

Similar to nitro:f'en

rranslocates readily. Applied with a surfactant

~pplied with a surfactant, rapid breakdo-wn in moist, iNarm soil.

RF.SIS1'ANT SPECIES

Ground cherry, bur clover, shepherd's purse, legumes, groundsel burning nettle, pigweed

Mustard, chickweed, groundsel, some annual grasses.

Dallisgrass, jobnsongrass nutsedge, swamp smartweed bindweed.

Knotgrass, bulrush; nuts edge, most broadleaves.

, '

VUVV.L o &..,,,,.,,...,..,~ .. ,-"'...,._ ,--··--.. ·---1 .. EXAMPLES - -· MSIC STRUCTURE (water sol.) TRADE NAMES~ USES PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

ClO TCA TCA® Soil applied Little or no adsorption in Manybroadleaves t If (13.o6 x 106 for grass soils, leaches readily,

c1-c-c-o-.Na wm> control difficult to control b1 excessive leaching.

Pyrazon Pyramin® Preemerg. and Excess irigation may cause Grasses, pigweed;

Q fr (300 ppm) postemerg. injury to seedling sugar lambs quarters

broaclleaf weed beets.

Pyrazon Pyramin® control in

O' 'Cl + Plus sugar beets dalapon - --·------S-9789 --- Experimental Incorporate, controls Knotweed1 spurge,

~ N CB) (4o ppm) herbicide for grasses. pigweed

Q' tree crops

_=1 '\ B3 o' Cl

CF·

0 B CH3 it I Karbutilate Tandex® Soil applied Granule application for

o-c-N-y-CB3 (325 ppm) for non-crop stump removal of woody

CH3 areas. species

f-C•H·CB " ' 3

0 :I O CB3

,_>aio~n-ctBS oxidiazon Rons tar® Soil applied Leaches slowly, need irri- Chickweed . h RP-17623 pre-or early gation or winter rainfall. Q;N (0.7 ppm.) post in orchard,,

vineyards. Pre-emergence· crab-

{CH·

grass control in turf.

-- -

GltoUP: MISCELLANEOUS (continued) 1 EXAMPLES

'RALctT~ ~'T'Rfr~rrr:mff! I (water sol. \ I TRADE NAMES USES I

i HjO~

\

$ llO~Q-g-e-c

! 2

I !

! I ~- ·. i

/' \ Ii \ ·\ ·~

1\

sulfU.Tic acid

Weed oils

dinoseb (52 ppm)

selective·sprq in onions and· in orchards

Avon Anna.los 1general weed 7 Weed Killer control General Weed!> selective control

Oil in carrots, Richfield A® j onions, cotton lJYkil ® celery Selective® Weed Oil

Stoddard ® solvent

Dow General cE ~eneral weed Sinox General ontrol, &emeree ® , fortifiers for Sinox FE® ~eed oils, Dew Selective elective in Sinox W ® grains, onions,

etc. and pre­emergence.

PERFORMANCE RESISTANT SPECIES

Formulations: available as - ·· 1 Grasses, sow thistle commercial acid. established shepherds

Hazardous: highly corrosive purse to metal, ·skin and clothing.

Soil residual-combines immediately with soil or with plant tissue. LD50 l oz. lethal to humans.

general contact weed oils ar~Some composites (groundsel1

used straight or diluted wit wild lettuce) and some water and used as emulsions. umbellifers May be fortified. Selective weed oils are used straight.

Formulation: NH4 salt, sol. amine salts sol. parent phenol EC

Used as foliage contact sprqs or selective soil treatments. Soil residual 2-4 weeks. LD50 5-60 mg/kg. may girdle young trees

Broadleaf species as a group more susceptable than grasses

'\,'.'"

GROUP: MISCELLANEOUS (continued\

BASIC STRUCTURE

0 H

H N-S-ONH. 2 0 ~

Na Cl o3

Nai3407

14~·.nMUT "L.~C'

(water sol. ) I TRADE NAMES

~ (684,ooo ppm)

.sodium chlorate 6 ~ 1. 5 ::c 10 ppa)

~orates 1(59,300 ppm)

Ammate® Ammate X®

Atlacide ® Sodiro1 ® Chlorate

Borascu

USES

Contact kill of woody plants

soil treatment for perennial weeds

Soil treatment f'or perennial weeds

PERFORMANCE

Formulations: dry crystals. Used as foliage contact sprS\Y has limited translocation Hazards-corrosive. Soil residues, 1-2 months tn50 - 3900 mg/kg

Formulation: dry CX"'Jstals or powder.

Used as soil residual herbi-cide

Hazards-·inflammable when mixed with organic 1ilatter. Soil residue - to 2 years or more. Ln50 1~500-5000 mg/kg

Formulations: dry Usually used in mixtures 1dth other herbicides. Used as soil residual herbicides. Hazards-none. Soil residual - to 2 years or more. LD50 556o mg/tqr,.

RESISTANT SPECIES

Resprouting woody species unpredictable.

white top

white top, bromegrasses.