Herbicide Effects on Ryegrass Transition to Bermudagrass Tim Murphy The University of Georgia.
Transcript of Herbicide Effects on Ryegrass Transition to Bermudagrass Tim Murphy The University of Georgia.
Herbicide Effects on Ryegrass Transition to Bermudagrass
Tim Murphy
The University of Georgia
Transition Issues
• Heat tolerance of ryegrass
• Renegade ryegrass
• Poa trivialis lives longer than expected
• Competition to bermudagrass
• Long-term effects on bermudagrass
• When do you accelerate transition?
Bermudagrass Growth
• Minimal root growth < 50 F. soil temp.
• Optimum root growth 75-85 F. soil temp.
• Shoot growth ceases < 55 F. air temp.
• Optimum shoot growth 80-95 F.
• Need night air temps. of mid-60s F.
• 100+ growing days
Chemical Aids for Transition
• Herbicides
• PGRs
• Delay application until bermudagrass is in active spring growth.
• No green-brown-green!!
• Need green-green
Atlanta Athletic Club Project
• ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass fairway
• Seeded 9/26/99 with 85/15 MarvelGreen/Laser mix
• Clipping height - 5/16 inch
• Irrigated as needed
Atlanta Athletic Club Project
• Herbicides and PGRs applied May 8, 2000
• 50/50 density of bermudagrass and ryegrass
• Overall turf quality, bermuda and ryegrass density recorded at 7, 14 and 30 DAT
Manor
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tur
f Q
ualit
y
0.33 oz. 0.5 oz. 1.0 oz. UTC
7 DAT14 DAT30 DAT
MANOR ON TRANSITION
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
0.33 0.5 1.0 UTC
Sencor and Corsair
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tur
f Q
ualit
y
Sencor0.33 lb.
Sencor0.66 lb.
Corsair1.0 oz.
Corsair2.0 oz.
UTC
7 DAT 14 DAT 30 DAT
SENCOR ON TRANSITION
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
0.33 0.66 UTC
CORSAIR ON TRANSITION
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
1.0 oz. 2.0 oz. UTC
Kerb and Embark
0
2
4
6
8
10
Kerb 1.5lb.
Kerb 3.0lb.
Embark6.0 oz.
Embark8.0 oz.
UTC
7 DAT 14 DAT 30 DAT
Tur
f Q
uali
ty
KERB ON TRANSITION
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
1.5 lb. 3.0 lb. UTC
EMBARK ON TRANSITION
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 14 30 7 14 30 7 14 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
6.0 oz. 8.0 oz. UTC
CONCLUSIONS
• Manor - good to excellent bermuda tolerance, causes light green color, reduces ryegrass density, minimum rate is 0.5 oz.
• Corsair - excellent bermuda tolerance, not as effective as Manor, Kerb and Sencor in reducing ryegrass
CONCLUSIONS (cont.)
• Embark- excellent bermuda tolerance, no effect color, effectiveness on ryegrass is questionable, need research on repeat applications, earlier timings.
• Kerb - excellent bermuda tolerance, causes dark blue-green color, reduces ryegrass density, need research on lower rates, irrigation is critical
OTHER TRANSITION HERBICIDES
• TranXit (rimsulfuron)
• Revolver (foramsulfuron)
• Monument (trifloxysulfuron-sodium)
• Flazasulfuron (Katana)
• Sulfosulfuron (Battalion)
Monument Transition Project - 2001
• GA Station
• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’
• ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass
• 0.75 in. clip height
• 2 appl. – 5/16 and 6/14
• 25 gpa
• 0.25% v/v NIS with all herbicides except Kerb
Monument – One Appl. (5/16/01)
0123456789
10
Monument 0.1 oz.
Monument 0.3 oz
TranXit 4.0 Kerb - 1.5 UTC
Qua
lity 8 d
36 d
45 d
Monument – Two Appl. (5/16 + 6/14/01)
0123456789
10
Monument 0.1 oz
Monument 0.3 oz
TranXit 2 UTC
Qua
lity 7 d-B
15 d-B
30 d-B
MONUMENT – One Appl. (5/16/01)
0
20
40
60
80
100
15 36 44 15 36 44 15 36 44 15 36 44
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3 Kerb 1.5 UTC
Monument – Two Appl. (5/16 + 6/14/01)
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 15 30 7 15 30 7 15 30 7 15 30
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3 TranXit 2 UTC
Monument Transition Project - 2003
• GA Station• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’• ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass• 0.625 in. clip height• 4 appl. timings – 30, 60, 80 & 100% spring
green-up• 25 gpa, 0.25% v/v NIS with Monument
30% CYNDA Green-up (3/25/03)
0
20
40
60
80
100
2 mo 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3 Kerb 1.5 UTC
60% CYNDA Green-up (4/23/03)
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 mo 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3 Kerb 1.5 UTC
80% CYNDA Green-up (5/09/03)
0
20
40
60
80
100
4 wks 9 4 9 4 9 4 9
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3 Revol. 9.0
UTC
100% CYNDA Green-up (5/20/03)
0
20
40
60
80
100
4 wks 8 4 8 4 8 4 8
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
MON 0.1 MON 0.3Revol.
9.0 UTC
Revolver Transition Project - 2002
• GA Station
• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’
• Common bermudagrass
• 0.625 in. clip height
• Single appl. – 5/10/02, 70% green-up
• 25 gpa
• NIS with TranXit, Manor and Monument
Revolver – Turf Quality
0123456789
10
REV 9.0 oz/a Manor 0.5oz/a
TranX 1.0oz/a
Monum 0.3oz/a
UTC
Qu
ali
ty
13 d 35 d 62 d
Applied 5/10/02
Revolver on Transition
0
20
40
60
80
100
35 62 35 62 35 62 35 62 35 62
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
Rev 9 Man 0.5 TranX 1.0 UTC
Applied 5/10/02
Monum 0.3
BattalionTransition Project - 2002
• GA Station
• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’
• Common bermudagrass
• 0.625 in. clip height
• Single appl. – 4/23/02, 50% green-up
• 25 gpa
• NIS with Battalion, TranXit, and Manor
Battalion – Turf Quality
0
2
4
6
8
10
Batt 1.3 oz/a Kerb 2.0 lb/a TranXit 4.0oz/a
Manor 0.5oz/a
UTC
Qua
lity
14 d 30 d 52 d
Applied 4/23/02
Battalion on Transition
0
20
40
60
80
100
52 79 52 79 52 79 52 79 52 79
Den
sity
CYNDA LOLPE
Batt 1.3 Kerb 2.0 TranX 4.0 UTC
Applied 4/23/02
Manor 0.5
KatanaTransition Project - 2002
• GA Station
• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’
• Common bermudagrass
• 5/8 in. clip height
• Single appl. – 4/23/02, 50% green-up
• 25 gpa
• NIS at 0.25% v/v included
Katana – Turf Quality
0
2
4
6
8
10
Kat. 1.5 oz/a Kat. 3.0 oz/a Manor 0.5 oz/a UTC
Qua
lity
21 d 52 d 79 d
Applied 4/23/02
Katana on Ryegrass Injury
0
20
40
60
80
100
Kat. 1.5 oz/a Kat 3.0 oz./a Manor 0.5 oz./a
%
Inju
ry
6 d 14 d 21 dApplied 4/23/02
POST ANNUAL BLUEGRASS CONTROL IN OVERSEEDED BERMUDAGRASS
• Prograss – limited range of efficacy
• Battalion– rates, timing, efficacy research
• Velocity– Valent
– SLN in GA, FL, SC, NC
Velocity
• bispyribac-sodium, labeled in rice
• Use rates – 1.3 to 2.6 oz.product/ac
• inhibits ALS, no synthesis of branched chain amino acids
• not a sulfonylurea, but slow acting
• root and shoot absorbed, ½ life < 10 d
Velocity Projects - 2002
• GA Station
• Perennial ryegrass – ‘Sunrise Primo’
• ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass
• 0.625 in. clip height
• Irrigated site
Velocity– Perennial Ryegrass Injury
0
10
20
30
40
Velocity 0.7 oz. Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 2.8 oz
Rye
gras
s In
jury
26 d 40 d 48 d
Applied 4 wks after seeding, 3-lf ryegrass
Velocity– Annual Bluegrass Control
0
20
40
60
80
100
Velocity 0.7 oz. Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 2.8 oz
An
nu
al B
lueg
rass
Co
ntr
ol
27-Mar 7-May
Applied 4 wks after seeding, Oct. 23, 2001
Velocity– Perennial Ryegrass Injury
0
5
10
15
20
Velocity 0.7 oz. Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 2.8 oz
5 wks 7 wks
Applied 18 wks after seeding, Feb. 8, 2002
Velocity– Annual Bluegrass Control
0
20
40
60
80
100
7 WAT 8 WAT 11 WAT 12 WAT
An
nu
al B
lueg
rass
Co
ntr
ol
Velocity 0.7 oz. Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 2.8 oz
Applied 18 wks after seeding, Feb. 8, 2002
Velocity– Perennial Ryegrass Injury
0
5
10
15
20
Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 1.4 fb 1.4 oz.
Rye
gras
s In
jury
10 DAT 20 DAT 30 DAT 50 DAT
Applied 17 and 20 wks after seeding, Mar. 7 & Apr. 1, 2002
Velocity– Annual Bluegrass Control
0
20
40
60
80
100
20 DA-A 30 DA-A 50 DA-A 60 DA-A
An
nu
al B
lueg
rass
Co
ntr
ol
Velocity 1.4 oz. Velocity 1.4 fb 1.4 oz.
Applied 17 and 20 wks after seeding, Mar. 7 & Apr. 1, 2002
Accelerating Transition
Delay application until bermudagrass is in active spring growth.
Know 30 day forecastNo green-brown-green!! (on most sites)Need green-green
Bermudagrass Growth
When do you accelerate transition?Minimal root growth < 50 F. soil temp.Optimum root growth 75-85 F. soil temp.Shoot growth ceases < 55 F. air temp.Optimum shoot growth 80-95 F.Need night air temps. of mid-60s F.
Transition Options
• Slow – 4 to 6 wks– Kerb
– Embark (repeats)
– Cultural techniques
• Fast – 10 to 30 days– Katana
– TranXit
– Manor
– Revolver
– Monument
– Battalion
Health and vigor of bermudagrass is exceedingly important to a smooth transition.
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