Heeals Campaign Report 2012

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN APPROACH

ON

SAFE DRINKING WATER & SANITATION

AN APPROACH THAT WORKS

FOR COMMUNITY

Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

31st March & 1

st April 2012

An approach to create

Awareness for improving

Water and sanitation facilities

Policies, processes approach and

Capacities to serve community

Heeals Campaign Report 1

Executive Summary

People living in urban slums falling to diseases by

problems arising from all the quarters of life,

whether it is unhygienic food infested with flies

and insects or unsafe drinking water draining out

days & night from the clock of their life.

One such place lying in the by lanes of upscale

commercial area Kaushambi, Ghaziabad known as

Bhowapur Village remain unheard for many years.

Most of the people living here are migrated from

different parts of the country and lives as tenant’s.

They became sandwiched between the walls of 6 by

8 ft dimension with poor sanitation and water.

HEEALS working in health, environment and

education for the downtrodden, under privileged,

marginalized and unaware section of people in

society with motto of “It’s Our Fundamental Right to

Have Safe Drinking Water & Sanitation”, conducted

a Door to Door Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation

Awareness Campaign and Survey in Bhowapur

Village and comes out with hearth wrenching facts.

Map description showing the targeted

district Ghaziabad of Uttar Pradesh, India

About 95 % of tenant living in the so called

“Chawls” are drinking salty water directly from

source without boiling or passing it through any

filtration process, making the lives of children and

pregnant women prone to water borne diseases.

With open drains filled with dirt & filth and no place

for the drains to go, over flowing drain sometimes

comes into the houses of people .During rainy

season situation becomes bad to worse, water enter

into the rooms and houses, and mix it with drinking

water source and place where they wash their

utensils, letting the bacteria and viruses entering

into their food chain. Everywhere there is a lack of

proper drainage system.

.

At the heart of this research campaign lies an approach to shift the

behavior of people in creating clean sanitation community and ways of

obtaining safe drinking water

Map Not To Scale

http://www.heeals.org/


Objectives of the Campaign

We started a campaign on Safe Drinking Water &

Sanitation. We want to run our campaign at the

same level as that of polio campaign, if we can

eradicate polio from our country, then we can also

help people in getting safe drinking water and

sanitation facilities. And help in keeping check on

water born disease.

Heeals conducted a baseline door to door campaign

on Sanitation and Safe Drinking Water. The primary

purpose of the door to door campaign was to gather

and make available information from target

populations to be used in project design and

implementation, to help define strategies, policies

and appropriate health messages for the targeted

communities in the area .To help designing

workshop, training modules and working plan for

the sanitation and water awareness team in the

region.

An increase in the knowledge and change in

practices of drinking water, household practices of

water filtration , sanitation practices in home and

community are anticipated by the end of the project

as result of campaign interventions. The second

purpose of the activity “Door to door campaign” is

to take out the maximum information from the

community to know about the different practices

prevalent in the community, to know about the

living conditions, health condition, sanitation and

water condition of the targeted area.

Poor & Unhygienic Condition of Toilets

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN

ON SAFE DRINKING WATER

AND SANITATION



Campaign Summary

Door to Door Sanitation campaign was conducted

on 31st

and 1st

of April 2012 on the basis of the

survey conducted by the Heeals team on 24th

& 25th

March 2012.

Heeals team came out with the eye opening figures

which show us that most of them were living in

unhygienic conditions.

Many people were unaware about hygiene

practices, for example water filtration processes,

community hygiene and home cleanliness etc.

Heeals noted down these problems and planned a

targeted campaign on the problems faced by the

families and individuals of the area. The campaign

was assigned and planned in a manner to provide

the basic awareness to the affected community. A

door to door campaign was conducted to reach each

family in the targeted areas. Door to door was

planned to provide the awareness and information

to each family personally by the Heeals Team. The

information is provided verbally and through

pictorial diagrams regarding the community and

home cleanliness, water cleaning processes,

hygienic sanitation practices and proper ways of

hand washing.

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION

In Images:

Heeals volunteers creating

awareness among the

people about safe drinking

water and clean sanitation

conditions.





What Has been the Approach

So Far?

Traditionally, sanitation programs in the region

have focused on providing toilets, usually on a

subsidized basis, rather than on motivating their

usage.

Evidence now overwhelmingly points out the fact

that providing subsidized toilets does not necessarily

lead to enhanced usage or ensure behavior change

for all the households or the entire community.

The focus mostly remains on construction of

toilets in rural areas either directly by the

government or by providing a high level of subsidy

to beneficiaries. In India, till recently, the national

government provided financial assistance to

identified poor (below poverty line) families for

constructing toilets of a specified design. In

addition to this assistance, many state and

provincial governments across the South Asia

region had introduced their own schemes of

providing subsidy, often covering an even wider

segment of the population. For example, in

Bangladesh, early initiatives in sanitation focused on

the distribution of fully-subsidized sanitation

hardware.

Programs and projects always restrained there self

from creating awareness regarding the basic issues

of sanitation and clean water. Programs didn’t try to

push the things inside of the home; instead they are

trying a more pull strategy.

They are creating the arena but not telling the

community how to fight in that arena, we need to

emphasize on these aspects that people still are

unaware of many things which they can easily use to

make their life easier.

Campaign Approach Our task is to spread the awareness among rural and

urban slums areas which are near to NCR Region

then go to interior parts of the country. We create

awareness among them by telling them how they

can purify water by boiling, filter, putting cloth on

tap etc. And also encourage them to make toilets in

their home. We want to stop open defecation and

also encourage them to make “community toilets”.

Heeals team conducted a two day campaign in the

Bhowapur Village and Kaushambi slums area started

on 31st and finished on 1st April 2012. Heeals team

divided into six group’s .Each group consisting one

male and one female and one supervisor to

supervise them. Each group allotted thirty families

to target; all six groups were divided into six

different locations of the target area.

We have applied push approach in the campaign

where instead of calling people in to our knowledge

space, we have pushed that knowledge space in to

there homes through our door to door approach.

Through this method we were able to interact with

each family individually, so that we can understand

each of their problems and issues to the core.

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


Key Issues

Bad sanitation practices and Un safe

drinking water creating breeding grounds

for disease

Heeals Safe water & Sanitation survey led us to

know that there are many problems arising in the

area which remains unaddressed for many years and

nobody has bothered to address them to help the

needy in the area.

It has been find out after the “Heeals Survey Report

2012” that around 84 % families in the area do not

know about any government scheme running in the

area on safe drinking water & sanitation.

Only 7 % families know that there is a scheme

running in the area regarding on safe drinking water

and sanitation or has been there in the past. This

shows the lack of awareness among families in the

area regarding the schemes, it is not that people

does not wants to know about the schemes it’s just

that good efforts are not made to reach the

communities.

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN

ON

SANITATION AND SAFE WATER

People using same water storage for

Washing, Drinking and Bathing purpose.

Can Health Outcomes be Achieved if

Only Some Households Use Toilets?

It has been observed that even where higher access and

usage of sanitation facilities by several households has

been reported, improved public health outcomes have not

necessarily been achieved. This is because even if some

people still continue to practice open defecation, the

surroundings are not free from fecal contamination.

Public health outcomes can be achieved only when the

entire community adopts improved sanitation behavior,

the area is 100 percent open defecation-free, and excreta

is safely and hygienically confined. This is possible only

when the collective is made aware of the negative effects

of poor sanitation, sensitized about the fecal-oral

transmission route, understands the link between

sanitation and health, abandons the traditional practice of

open defecation forever, and every member of the

community has access to, and uses a, sanitary toilet

ensuring safe disposal of fecal matter.

7%

84%

9%

Yes

No

do not know

Source : Heeals Survey Report 2012

Bad sanitation practices and un safe drinking water creating

breeding grounds for diseases


About 60 % people use shared toilets and still 27 %

of the population goes outside for defecation, which

clearly shows a big question mark on the cleanliness

of the toilet. The lack of awareness regarding the

cleanliness of toilet and its adjoining area leads to

open defecation and diseases.

Improper garbage disposal, throwing away the

household garbage on roads & streets, which leads

to heap of garbage in the area. Use of plastics bags

making the condition worse, they choked up the

drains and sewage system, which leads to do

manual scavenging. “Manual Scavenging is the

biggest dehumanizing activity. Poor sanitation

facilities lead to this practice, by improving the

sanitation facilities we can eradicate this practice as

even machines can’t clean the choked pipe lines”

When we asked the public on the cleanliness

condition of the village.

About 70 % people told us that there area is in

extremely bad condition and only 23 % see

cleanliness in same places with 7 % of the surveyed

population does not find anything bad about

cleanliness”

70%

23%

7% Bad

Clean in some

places

Good


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AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION

Biggest Dehumanizing Activity

“We have to end the biggest Dehumanizing Activity

called Manual Scavenging”

The Employment of Manual Scavengers and

Construction of Dry Latrine Prohibition Act in 1993

was indeed to give some relief from this activity, but

still nothing has done to eradicate this practice. Tens

of thousands of people are engaged in Manual

Scavenging.

There were 118474 Manual Scavengers or their

dependents which are identified in under the self

employment scheme for rehabilitation launched in

2007.

One of the difficulties in eliminating this activity is lack

of Proper Sanitation Facilities in Rural India and urban

slums. There are poor Sanitation Facilities in these

places. People are still using dry latrines which

encourage Manual Scavenging. We have to stop the

dry latrines practices and help them in making Proper

Sanitation Facilities.

There are no sewerage facilities in rural areas, Urban

Slums are also not touched by proper sewerage

facilities .Still workers manually clean the septic tanks,

“these septic tanks are becoming death tanks for the

workers”. It is full of many poisonous and dangerous

gases, many people are died by inhaling poisonous

gases and many of them going to die if we would not

stop this Dehumanizing Practices.

Many of them are the sole bread winners of their

families .These dependents were force by social and

economic conditions to come into these practices to

feed their families. Most of the Manual Scavengers

belongs to SC & ST, last year MHA (Ministry Of Home

Affairs) told to all states that engaging or employing a

member in SC or ST in manual scavenging fall within

the ambit of SC & ST prevention of Atrocities Act, but

there is no record of any one being convicted under

this Act. Source: figures taken

http://m.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/article3371382.

“Sanitation is more important than independence.”

– Mahatma Gandhi


Open Defecation

In addition to using toilets, people and

families still defecate in the open.

Recent studies of statewide sector assessments in

India show that most people continue to defecate in

the open not due to a lack of access to toilets, but

primarily because they see no reason to change

their behavior and does not aware about any

associated health risks .

It has been observed that even where higher access

and usage of sanitation facilities by several

households has been reported, improved public

health outcomes has not necessarily been achieved.

This is because even if some people still continue to

practice open defecation, the surroundings are not

free from fecal contamination.

One of the biggest reason people given for defecate

in the open in spite of having toilets in their homes,

is the lack of awareness in keeping their toilets and

the nearby premises clean and free from filth and

garbage. Families and households know the ways to

keep it clean but often ignored to clean the toilets

and nearby areas, which in the end leads to rise of

diseases and health issues. A hard hitting, to the

core campaign, is required to change the behavior

and raise the awareness level of the families and

people. Heeals team has uses IEC materials such as

Community cleanliness poster, house cleanliness

and hand wash poster; through the pictorial

description, we have shown them how they can

keep their toilets, surroundings and home clean and

safe from diseases and health problems.

Pictorial description has been used to create

maximum impact in the mindset of people as they

can see the pictures and relate with them very

easily.

According to the “Heeals Survey Report 2012” it has

been found out that in urban slum areas like

Kaushambi and Bhowapur 50 % people go out to

defecate and biggest reason they gave for this is the

unhygienic condition of the toilets and the bad

condition in which toilets are running. These factors

encourage people to go out and defecate.

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


Garbage Disposal & Sanitation

From our campaign We found out that there is lack

of garbage disposal practices , absolute improper

waste management practice is prevailed , we found

that e -waste, clinical waste ,biological waste

,household waste etc are disposed on the same

place , cows and other cattle are eating these

garbage which effects them with poisonous

substances.

Rag pickers are very prone to deadly diseases as

they deal with poisonous chemical substances due

to improper sorting and disposing of garbage.

There is an extreme need to make people aware

about the ill effect of using polythene bags. Use of

polythene bags not only affects the environment

(due to its non biodegradable properties) but also

affects the health of people who carry food,

vegetables, baby products and other consumable

items in the colored polythene bags. These

chemical mixes with food items enter into the body

affecting the health with major diseases and health

problems.

An effective communication need to reach each

family and community, so that they can understand

ill effects of the improper disposal of garbage,

polythene bags, effective use of dustbins and

optimal use of non-biodegradable products and

discarded items. This can only be achieved if a heart

hitting communication plan is implemented, which

can change not only behavior of the community and

families but also the mindset in which they deal in

such things.

Does Subsidized Construction of

Toilets Lead to Usage?

While investment in toilet construction through the

provision of generous subsidies for hardware to

households has, to some extent, increased the

reported coverage of sanitation in the region, subsidy-

driven programs do not generate motivation for use

of the facility. Indeed, subsidized toilets are often not

used and lie abandoned, or are being put to

alternative uses.

Recent studies of statewide sector assessments in

India show that most people continue to defecate in

the open not due to a lack of access to toilets but

primarily because they see no reason to change their

behavior and does not aware about any associated

health risks .

DOOR TO DOOR

AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


General Cleanliness

Half of the surveyed population does not

know the right way to wash their hands

General cleanliness is one of the biggest weapon

human being has since eternity to protect himself

from the evil side effects of diseases, health

problems etc.

During our campaign we have greatly emphasized

on the big benefits and good effects of hygiene and

cleanliness. Heeals carried the pictorial posters

depicting the right way of hand washing, where

team members has shown them as how they can

properly carry out the process of hand washing,

after this we have provided them with hand wash

poster for their future use .

The good thing we came to know about the familes

in the Bhowapur and Kaushambi area , that they

were very particular about there bathing and

washing clothes and always used to take strict

measures to follow those measure.

As came out in the Heeals Survey Report 2012 , around 53 % people are not using soap to wash their hands, where as 72 % people has told us that they do not use soap before and after food to clean their hands , they wash only with plain water. It shows us that families are unaware in benefits of cleanliness.

We have created awareness regarding the same to showcase them why it is important to wash hands with soap, not only before the meal but also after the meal. Also told them why it is important to wash their hands each time they urinate and defecate .We have used pictorial diagrams such as F diagram ,which shows how bacteria and viruses can enter into food chain & body and how they can gave rise to deadly diseases such as typhoid, cholera etc. This can even take the lives of infants and children.

21%

53% 26%

With Soap

With Water

Do not clean at

all

Source: Heeals Survey Report 2012

“The shortage of fresh water is the major ecological problem

of this moment”.

-Mikhail Gorbachev

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AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


In addition to highlight the issue of sanitation among every individual we have distributed the cleanliness posters to everyone, we also interacted with the onlookers and passerby. We have pasted the posters in and around the homes of the labours and slum areas. The community cleanliness posters depicted the pictorial description of various ways and importance of keeping the vicinity clean and free of garbage and dirt.

IEC materials used for effective

communication outreach

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AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


Drinking Water

We all know that water is life,still due to lack of knowledge and wakefulness. People are not passing the drinking water through any filteration process ,making them fall to water brone diseases .

It is very unsafe if water is drink directly without passing it through any filtration process .

We had asked people about which water filteration process they use.

About 67% of surveyed population drink water directly from the source, wheather its municipality tap , water tanker,boring water or any other water storage body .

As from the campaign we came to know that people were not aware from any form of water purification process .

As it is one the main agenda of our campaign ,we have created awareness about the safe drinking water , how we can purifiy it and make it safe for drinking .

People use the same water storage for different purposes like drinking water ,bathing ,toilet and cooking etc , which cause the germs to enter human body, to make it worse , residents use plastic containers , a very less percentage of people use earthen or stainless steel pots to store water.

We aware the families about the various ways to keep their drinking water storage utensils clean ,so that they can store there water for longer period, it is sad to know that due to lack of knowlegde people do not clean their drinkng water strorage utensils for many days .

We strongly recommend that lack of knowlegde and awareness regarding safe drinking water playing a tainted game here which ultimately leads to many hazardous diseases among the people especially the children.

Source: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/environ.shtml

“It’s Our Right to Have Safe Drinking Water”

MDG Goal 7(c)

Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without

sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

The world is on track to meet the drinking water target,

though much remains to be done in some regions

Accelerated and targeted efforts are needed to bring drinking

water to all rural households,

Safe water supply remains a challenge in many parts of the

world

With half the population of developing regions without

sanitation, the 2015 target appears to be out of reach

Disparities in urban and rural sanitation coverage remain

daunting .Improvements in sanitation are bypassing the poor

Source (http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/environ.shtml)

The issue of safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene has

traditionally been associated and discussed along the global

North – South axis. Whereas lack of improved sources for

water and sanitation are still an everyday reality in many of

the developing and least developed countries in the world.

The lack of improved and sustainable access to water and

sanitation is also a gender equality issue. One of the regions

facing the greatest challenges is in Rural and Urban slums.

The burden of water provision falls most heavily on girls and

women. They go too far flung place to collect the water for

daily purpose .During Natures calls they have to go in remote

areas for relief ,this may raise the question of insecurity for

them. Due to lack of proper sanitation in schools, many girls

would also miss their classes when menstruating. Children are

also particularly vulnerable to poor quality of water,

sanitation and hygiene.


Educ

Education and Sanitation

Education and Sanitation are starkly related to each other

There is a very close relationship between Education and Sanitation . Sanitation and Hygeine practice can not be achieve without proper education and knowledge , Children education starkly affected by improper sanitation .

According to our sureveyed report 90 % people have said , there children education is affecting by improper sanitation facilities and unsafe drinking water as they suffer from health related problems diseases and family problems which results in affecting there attendance in school and sometimes force them to drop out.

No toliets ,improper toilet facilities and poor hygein conditions in girls schools, force them to go outside for nature‘s call .Which may increase the the risk of eve teasing and sex-exploitation.

This may results in ending there education carreer.

We have asked them a simple question on sanitation “Does your children education is affected by these issues, like unsafe drinking water and unhygienic sanitation facilities?”

If yes: - Reason

(a)40%

(b)60%

(a) poor facilities of

toilets for girls and

less availability of safe

drinking water

(b) he/she is not able

to attend the school

on regular basis

,because they remain

sick/fatigue most of

the time .


Yes No

90%

10%

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AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


Health Condition

Health of the families in Bhowapur and Kaushambi area majorly affecting due to unsafe water and unhygienic sanitation condition of the area.

As we have mentioned in the above statements

people are not using any water filtration methods

because of which they are falling ill due to water

borne disease every now and then. During the Safe

Drinking Water and Sanitation Awareness Campaign,

Sunita a pregnant women mother of two girls living

in pathetic conditions in the area told “ Nobody has

ever came here to create awareness regarding

sanitation and water , all the families living in the

chawls are drinking water directly from source forget

about filters no body of us even boils the water”

another person Manish a driver , told us that “Due

to Choking of drainage, and lack of awareness

where to throw and proper disposal of garbage , we

are falling to diseases almost every week or month ,

and with summers on the corner it is for sure that we

will going to be diseased”.

We asked them questions such as, In last one year is

somebody from your household has fallen ill? , if yes

then what are the diseases which makes them fell

ill.85 % of the families has said that one or more

members has fallen ill due to water borne diseases.

Most of them are children and women, they told us

that when summer’s approach children fell ill every

day due to poor sanitation conditions and unsafe

water.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Adult

Infant

Child(6-12) Source : Heeals Survey Report 2012

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AWARENESS CAMPAIGN


AND SANITATION


W

Where is India on MDG 7 (c) Track.

About 626 million or more in the country

still defecates in the open.

Though India has achieved some progress on safe

drinking water supply but there are still many

people who don’t have access to safe drinking

water. We have made some progress on safe

drinking water supply, but a high percentage of

population still defecate in open. About 97 million

people are still not able to enjoy “the right for safe

drinking water”. And about 626 million or more in

the country still defecates in the open.

In rural areas about 67% in 2010 had no access to

sanitation, this show those who are rich has more

access to sanitation facilities. In India there is a lack

of access to safe drinking water and sanitation

facilities because of annual increase in the

population. Over 1.7 million (22% of the world total)

children under five who died in were Indians.

“Diarrhea is one of the largest killer disease among

children, and accounting for 13% of the deaths”.

Worldwide , over 80 % of diarrheal deaths are due

to unsafe water ,lack of proper sanitation facilities

and poor hygiene.

All of the above can be prevented if there is a strong

National and International will and determination to

assure everybody’s right for a healthy life and well-

being.

Source:

www.United%20Nations%20Millennium%20Development%20Goa

ls.htm

Diarrhoea is one of the largest killer diseases among

Children, and accounting for 13% of the deaths


The Road Ahead

With the formulation of appropriate guidelines,

demand-responsive strategies, the foundation has

been laid for achieving overall sanitation goals in

village, city, district and states across India.

The approach has demonstrated the ability to meet

the objective of safe drinking water and sanitation.

The approach is determined to achieve a hygienic

sanitation facilities and simple water filtration and

community hygiene processes to be adopted by the

targeted population.

Heeals wants to create awareness regarding the safe

water and good sanitation processes, approach and

policies to be adopted by the families and

communities across villages’ districts and states of

India. We are creating awareness with the use of

Information Communication Technology (ICT) and

Information Education Communication (IEC) tools

and techniques. As awareness is the prime weapon

to fight against the ever increasing cases of health

problems and diseases which arise due to unsafe

water practices, unhealthy sanitation practices.

We want the support of National and International

communities, individuals, corporate and institutions

to take forward our project and ideas to safe guard

the environment, health and policies and to define

the same in the favor of communities across India.

The project is aimed to move ahead across

boundaries, villages, cities and districts in

the development of society.

About Us

Heeals

A Vibrant Civil Society Organization Aims. To Safeguard Health

Education, Environment and Livelihood to promote sustainable

development of society. HEEALS Resource Reflect The part IV

of The Constitution of India As well As Indian Commitment to

Global Development.

Funding

Project Funding had came from the staffs who were working

voluntarily or semi –voluntary .Their common commitment

was to create an organisation which act locally and think

globally.

Acknowledgements

We like to give special thanks to families of Bhowapur Village

and Kaushambi, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India, Mr. Attar

Singh, Municipal Councilor, Bhowapur Village, Ghaziabad, Uttar

Pradesh.

We are especially grateful to our Volunteers who supported

this campaign and survey and providing quality technical

expertise and vision in order to make this work and its

corresponding formative research and community level

interventions possible.

We would like to thanks everyone who supported us in the

campaign directly or indirectly and in making of this report,

without whom this would not be possible.

Inspiration and overall guidance for Door to Door Awareness campaign

Approach on Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation was provided by Gaurav

Kashyap . (Managing Director).

Prepared &Edited:

Gagan Deep, Abhinav

Sharma and Akanksha

Pushkar.

Photographs: Heeals

field surveyors

Design: Sandeep

HEEALS (Health Education Environment And Livelihood Society)

© Copyright 2012, All rights reserved.

HEEALS, Ghaziabad (UP) INDIA.

Part or whole of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,

or otherwise, with the acknowledgment of the copyright holder. Any commercial use of

the material requires express written consent from the copyright owners of the original materials.

“Heeals has provided this information in good faith and in the belief of the correctness and usefulness of the materials. However Heeals cannot be held responsible

for any harm that may result in the usage of these materials and Heeals

expressly disclaims all liability resulting out of the use of this material."


We Need Your Support!

Contact Heeals Team : 692, Sector-22-B Gurgaon -122015 (Haryana) E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.heeals.org

Phone: +91 97165 99921

Heeals Campaign Report 2012

Education

Transcript of Heeals Campaign Report 2012