Winds and Ocean Currents. Latent Heat Transport 580 cal/g Surface wind Surface wind.
Heat & Wind
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Transcript of Heat & Wind
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Heat & Wind
by:Mrs. Wisher
WRITE EVERYTHING IN BLUE!
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Heat
• The movement of heat in the atmosphere causes changes in weather.
• The sun’s energy travels as electromagnetic waves.
• Some of the sun’s energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
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3 Types of Heat Transfer
• radiation – the transfer of heat through empty space from the sun
• conduction – the transfer of heat through touch
• convection – the transfer of heat through the movement of molecules
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Electromagnetic Radiation
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Convection
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Winds
• Wind is the horizontal movement of air• Winds are caused by the unequal heating of
the atmosphere• Winds will travel from an area of high pressure
to low pressure
• http://hint.fm/wind/
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Measuring Winds
• anemometer – measures wind speed with cup-like devices
• the faster is spins, the faster the wind is blowing
• wind-chill factor – increased cooling felt by wind
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Local Winds
• winds that blow over short distances
• common near large bodies of water
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Land Breeze
• land breeze – breeze that occurs at night as the land quickly cools and becomes cooler than the water
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Sea Breeze
• warm air moves from the land during the day moves over the cooler air above the water
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Global Winds• Winds that blow steadily from
specific directions over long distances.
• The sun hits the equator at a straight angle so it heats the surface stronger.
• The sun’s rays hit the poles at an angle which spreads the heat so it is cooler.
• The movement of air between the equator and the poles produces global winds.
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Global Winds
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Coriolis Effect
• Coriolis Effect – the way Earth rotates creates a curve to the Earth’s winds
• All winds travel to the right in the Northern hemisphere
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Major Global Wind Types
• Doldrums – area of low pressure at the equator with little motion
• Horse Latitudes – calm warm air from the equator that moves north and south
• Trade Winds – winds that blow easterly towards the equator
• Prevailing Westerlies – winds that are turned towards the east by the Coriolis Effect
• Polar Easterlies – cold air from the poles outwards
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Global Winds
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Jet Stream
• High-speed winds about 10 km above the surface• Winds can blow west to east 200-400 km per hour• How does this affect transcontinental air travel?