HEAT. What is Temperature? Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object....
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Transcript of HEAT. What is Temperature? Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object....
HEAT
What is Temperature?Temperature is
the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object.
As temperature increases , kinetic energy of the particles increases.
How is temperature related to the movement of the particles? The faster the particles of an object move, the higher the temperature of the object.
Which particles are moving faster, those in a cup of hot tea or iced tea?
What is thermal expansion ? Thermal expansion is the increase in the volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature .
What is the official SI unit of temperature?
Kelvin
Temperature conversion formulasCelsius to Fahrenheit: oF = (9/5 * oC) + 32 oC 0FFahrenheit to Celsius: oC = (5/9) * (oF – 32) oF 0CCelsius to Kelvin: K = oC + 273 oC KKelvin to Celsius: oC = K – 273 K oC
Fill the missing blanks using the previous oF oC K
Water boils 100o
Body Temperature 37o
Room Temperature
68o
Water freezes 0o
Absolute zero 0
What is absolute zero?
The lowest temperature on Kelvin scale
(zero Kelvin) At this
temperature particles stop moving.
What is heat? Heat is the transfer of
energy between two objects that are at different temperatures.
When two objects of different temperature come in contact, energy is always transferred from the higher temperature to the lower temperature.
What is thermal energy? Thermal energy is
the total energy of the particles that make up a substance. It is measured in Joules.
Which one has more thermal energy?
What is thermal equilibrium?
Energy is transferred from the higher temperature object t o the lower temperature object until both objects reach the same temperature.
What are conductors?
Conductors are substances that conduct thermal energy.
What is an insulator? An insulator is a substance that does not
conduct thermal energy .
How is heat transferred?
Heat and temperature
change
Thermal conductivityThe rate at which a substance conducts
thermal energy.
Specific heat capacity
The amount of energy needed to change the temperature of one Kg of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Specific heat capacity of different materials:Materials Specific heat capacity
Silver 234
Copper 387
Glass 837
Wood 176
Steam 2010
Ice 2090
Aluminum 899
Water 4184
Matter and heat
Three states of matter: solid , liquid and gas.
States of matter
heat technologyHeat enginesa. A machine that uses
heat to do work.b. Heat engines burn
fuel to produce thermal energy in a process called combustion.
c. There are two types of heat engines: external combustion and internal combustion heat engines.
External combustion: fuel is burned outside the engine.
Internal combustion: fuel is burned inside the engine.
Cooling systemCooling systems are used to transfer thermal energy out a particular area so that is feels cooler.
Question: Will leaving the
refrigerator door open on a hot day help to cool the kitchen?