Healthful Living – 8th GradeStanly County SchoolsCreated by: Laura Harbeson; LPC, NCC, NCSC, MS

Hormones

• Hormones control many functions of your body

• Hormones are released at different quantities at different times (i.e. hourly, daily, weekly, monthly)– Example – Rapid growth during puberty

due to an increase in human growth hormones and increase in sex hormones

Functions of Some Important Hormones

Hormone Gland Hormone Function

Thyroxine Thyroid Stimulates body metabolism; helps regulate body growth & development

Testosterone Testis Stimulates secondary sex characteristics in males and stimulates sperm production

Estrogen Ovary Stimulates secondary sex characteristics in females

Progesterone Ovary Allows the uterus to prepare for pregnancy and helps regulate the menstrual cycle

Insulin Pancreas Regulates the amount of sugar in the blood

Human Growth Hormone

Pituitary Stimulates body growth

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Adrenal Stimulates the body systems and metabolism in emergencies and during stress

Other things hormones effect…• Acne

– Yuck! But this is perfectly normal and just a part of growing up. Washing your face 2x per day (soap & water or astringent) will ease this.

• Moodiness– “Ummmm so that is why I feel this way? My parents always tell

me how moody I’ve been lately.” ~ female, age 14

• Weight gain/loss• Puberty• http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/changing_body/p

uberty.html• Pages 243 – 245 in Health Book

The Male Reproductive System

• Page 218-221 of Health book

• Table 1, page 220 Health book•http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/male_repro.html

The Female Reproductive System

• Page 222-225 in Health book

• Table 2 on page 224

•http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/girls/female_repro.html

Page 226-231 in Health Book

http://mp.cusd220.lake.k12.il.us/staff/Stec_c/documents/CONCEPTIONTOBIRTH.pdf

Pregnancy & Birth – Day 4

Teenage Pregnancy Statistics – Day 5• Teen Pregnancy • Three in ten teenage girls (31%) become pregnant at least once before they reach

the age of 20 – more than 750,000 teen pregnancies a year. Eight in ten of these pregnancies are unintended and 81% are to unmarried teens.National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

• The U.S. teen pregnancy rate for teens ages 15-19 decreased 36% between 1990 and 2002.National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

• Despite impressive declines over the past decade, the United States still has the highest rates of teen pregnancy and births in the Western industrialized world. Teen pregnancy costs the United States at least $7 billion annually. National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

• About one in ten girls who first has sex before age 15 describes it as involuntary.National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

• A majority of both girls and boys who are sexually active wish they had waited. Of those who have had sex, more than one half of teen boys (55%) and the majority of teen girls (70%) said they wish they had waited longer to have sex.National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy

http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2009/06/11/2009-06-11_mtv_special_spotlights_how_pregnant_teens_cope_with_motherhood.html

Influences on Teen Relationships

• Pages 272-273 in Health Book• http://kidshealth.org/teen/exercise/problems/body_image

.html• http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educa

tional/handouts/advertising_marketing/ideal_beauty_message_men.cfm

• http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/teachable_moments/realbeautymagazines.cfm

• http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/men_and_masculinity/masculinity_defining.cfm

Teen Dating

• Health Book pages 278-281– Including all tables & within unit activities

• http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/contraception/abstinence.html

• http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/abstinence-4215.htm

• http://www.themediaproject.com/topics/abstinencecontraception.htm

• http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/

Sexual Activity Statistics • Currently 46.8% of all high school students report they have had sexual intercourse. The percentage of

high school students who have had sex decreased 13.3% between 1991 and 2005 (54% to 46.8%). 2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Nationwide, 6.2% of high school students had had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse before age 13 was higher among male (8.8%) than female (3.7%) students.2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Nationwide, 14.3% of high school students had had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons was higher among male (16.5%) than female (12.0%) students.2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Among the 33.9% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 62.8% reported that either they or their partner had used a condom during last sexual intercourse. Overall, the prevalence of having used a condom during last sexual intercourse was higher among male (70.0%) than female (55.9%) students.2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Among the 33.9% of currently sexually active high school students nationwide, 23.3% had drunk alcohol or used drugs before their last sexual intercourse.2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Fifty-two percent (52%) of teens report that they have sexually active friends.2005 CASA National Survey

• Youth exposed to sexual content on television were more likely to overestimate the frequency of sexual activity among peers and more likely to have more permissive attitudes toward premarital sex.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

Media’s Interpretation on Sexual Activity

• TV sitcoms usually last 30 min• Movies usually last 2 hours• When the writers for television or

the movies attempt to display love, it is very difficult to demonstrate the complexity of what love really is like…..so instead, they expect the viewers to understand that when they write in 2 of the characters in bed together, they are trying to show us that those characters are supposed to be in love. Unfortunately, it sends the message not of love, but of casual sex.

STD Statistics• Nineteen (19) million new STD infections occur each year, almost

half of them among young people ages 15 to 24.Centers for Disease Control

• One in two sexually active youth will contract an STD by age 25.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

• Forty percent (40%) of older adolescents surveyed by the Kaiser Family Foundation incorrectly believe that the contraceptive “pill” and “shot” protect against STDs and HIV.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

• Some young people, including those who had abstinence education, consider oral and anal sex to be abstinent behaviors and do not realize these behaviors present risks of STD transmission.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

• Adolescents believed they are tested during routine medical examinations for major STDs: chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV, hepatitis B, herpes, HPV, syphilis, and trichomoniasis.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

Major STD List • Chlamydia• Genital Herpes• Genital Warts (HPV)• Gonorrhea• HIV• Hepatitis• Hepatitis B (HBV)• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)• Pubic Lice (Crabs)• Syphilis• Trichomoniasis• http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/

HIV/AIDS Statistics• HIV/AIDS• Nationwide, 87.9% of high school students had ever been taught about

AIDS or HIV infection in school.2005 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

• Half of all new HIV infections occur among adolescents.2005 ASHA State of the Nation

• In 2004, an estimated 4,883 people ages 13-24 received a diagnosis of HIV infection or AIDS, representing about 13% of the people given a diagnosis that year.Centers for Disease Control

• African-Americans were disproportionately affected by HIV infection, accounting for 55% of all HIV infections reported among young persons ages 13-24.Centers for Disease Control

• An estimated 232 young people with AIDS died in 2004.Centers for Disease Control

• In 2004, an estimated 7,761 young people were living with AIDS, a 42% increase since 2000, when 5,457 young people were living with AIDS.Centers for Disease Control

Over the Counter Contraceptives

Contraceptive Method

Effectiveness for pregnancy prevention

Effectiveness for STD prevention

Male Condom 85% 50%

Female Condom

79% 0%

Spermicides 71% 0%

Sponge 84% 0%

Prescription ContraceptivesMethod Effectiveness at

preventing pregnancy

Effectiveness at preventing STDs

Birth Control Pill 98% 0%

Nuva Ring 96% 0%

Ortho Evra Patch 98% 0%

IUDs 98% 0%

Diaphragms 90% 0%

Depo Provera Shot 98% 0%

Surgical Methods

Method Effectiveness at preventing pregnancy

Effectiveness at preventing STDs

Tubal Ligation 99% 0%

Vasectomy 99% 0%

Testing for Pregnancy & STDs• Pregnancy – home pregnancy tests, urine test at

doctor’s office or health clinic, blood test at doctor’s or clinic.

• STDs – not checked on a regular basis. Patient must specifically ask doctor to perform each individual STD test. They are not done at a physical or well check. Many people mistakenly believe that if they go to their doctor regularly and they are not told they have an STD, then they don’t. (which is probably why many people spread STDs unknowingly)– Testing can only be done at doctors office or health

clinic

Sexual Harassment

• http://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/sexualharassment/

• http://www.pamf.org/teen/sex/rape_assault/sexualharass.html

• DO NOT IGNORE SEXUAL HARASSMENT!

Sexual Pressures

• http://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/sexualpressures/

• Responding to Peer Pressure Activity

• Knowing and Setting Physical Limits Activity

Sexual Violence

• Sexual Abuse: http://www.pamf.org/teen/sex/rape_assault/sexualabuse.html

• Rape & Sexual Assault: http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/sex/rape.html

• Defining Rape: http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/sex/rapedefine.html

• Rape is never the victims fault: http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/sex/rapevictim.html

• What to do if raped or assaulted: http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/sex/rapewhat.html

• Helping a friend: http://www.pamf.org/teen/abc/sex/rapehelp.html

• Know the facts• Know the risks• Know your rights• Choose your

friends & partners wisely

• Follow your heart• Stand up for your

beliefs• Abstinence is the

only way that is guaranteed to avoid pregnancy & STDs.

• Follow your dreams without disruption

The End