Health Economics Slide
-
Upload
mayom-mabuong -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of Health Economics Slide
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 1/13
Group three members
• OTEKAT SONI JACKLINE
• MAYOM MABOUNG MAREK
• RUSOKE EDWARD
• AKULLO BEATRICE
• NAKATO ALICE
• NAKIBUUKA MARGRET
• OBITRE E. HAROLD
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 2/13
Group 3 Question
The health care market is different from
other markets and has features whichdemand economic interventions.
Discuss these features
The role of equity and need
Restriction on competition
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 3/13
Definitions
Health
This is the physical, mental and social well being of an individual
and not merely absence of disease and infirmity(WHO)
Health care
Is the prevention, treatment and management of illness and
preservation of mental and physical well-being through the
services of mental and allied health professionals
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 4/13
Distinctive features in health
Health has distinctive features
• Uncertainty
• Information problems
• Insurance
• Restriction on competition
• The role of Equity and need
• Government subsidies and public provision
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 5/13
Restriction on competition
• Restriction
An official limit on something
• Competition
The effort of two or more parties acting independently
to secure something from a third party by offering the
most favorable terms or
Competition is a process of rivalry between suppliers
seeking to win.
• Restriction on competition
This is an official limit on more parties acting
independently to secure something from a third party by
offering the most favorable terms
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 6/13
Importance of competition
• Drives firms to improve their internal efficiency and
reduce costs
• Provides incentives to firms to adopt new technology
• Provides incentives to firms to invest in Innovation
• Reduces managerial inefficiency
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 7/13
Restriction on competition in health
• Licensure restriction
• Restriction on Advertisement
• Standard of Ethical conduct
• Regulations
• Patent protection in the pharmaceutical industry
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 8/13
Role of equity and need in the health
care market
• Equity
The distribution of services and resources where they are
needed most
• Need
The strong desire to acquire something e.g. health care needs,
food, water, shelter and clothing.
Equity goes hand in hand with need
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 9/13
Forms of Equity in health
• Equity in health
Minimizing avoidable inequalities in health and it is
determinants e.g. income, occupation, biological factors
• Equity in service delivery
Horizontal equity- equal treatment for equal needs
Vertical equity - individuals with unequal needs should
be treated unequally
• Equity in health financing
Incorporating equity dimension into economic evaluation are
required as a matter of priority e.g. cost effectiveness of
interventions in different groups
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 10/13
Objectives of equity in the health
care system• Monitoring trends in health and access to essential health
care interventions
• Allocation of scarce public resources to those who have more
need
• To bridge a gap between the rich and the marginalized poor
• To increase access and utilization to health services
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 11/13
Measure of equity in health and
health care
There are 3 important steps
• Classifying people by socio economic status e.g. house hold
income and expenditure
• Measuring health status/ health care by setting targets and
indicators e.g. life expectancy, infant and maternal mortality
• Quantifying the degree of inequity e.g. resource allocation and
services
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 12/13
Challenges in equity
• Corruption which leads to unfair distribution of services
• Inadequate resources
• Communication barriers
• Inadequate information and data
•
Political interference
• Unfair policies
• Lack of community involvement/ participations
7/29/2019 Health Economics Slide
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/health-economics-slide 13/13
References
• www. biomedcentral:com/1471-2458/7178
• www.ftc.gov/.../healthcare.htm